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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | ITF |
| Abstract: | This report provides an overview of the current state of automation in container ports. It shows which terminal activities have been automated in different ports and which additional activities might be automated in the future. It assesses if automation projects have achieved their objectives and identifies policy issues related to container terminal automation. |
| Date: | 2021–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:itfaac:96-en&r= |
| By: | Baajiikhuu Tuguldur (GTI Secretariat); Magnus C. M. Brod (Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia (ERINA)) |
| Abstract: | This paper is elaborations on the Greater Tumen Initiative (GTI)’s current situation and future development as a vehicle mandated to promote regional economic cooperation between China, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Korea and Mongolia. GTI is the only active intergovernmental mechanism in Northeast Asia. Hence, its future holds special importance for the region as a whole, including Japan and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. To assess GTI’s current state of play, its prospects, and challenges, we reviewed the wealth of official documents and studies of GTI as well as scholarly literature on the topic. The authors additionally draw from their long-standing involvement in the regionalization process in Northeast Asia. Based on the review, we highlight several success factors as well as challenges and propose four areas for improvement. Examples from GTIs work in four key sectors: transport, trade, energy, and business cooperation are utilized to highlight the importance but also the shortcomings of GTI. To justify the role of GTI in regional cooperation and integration, we emphasize capacity enhancement for project-oriented activities, improving operational processes, strengthening its institutional structure, and streamlining activities across sectors to achieve the set goals. GTI’s strategic development framework is also proposed, consisting of the institutional development plan and operational plan. The implications of this research can inform the institutional update of GTI to enhance operational output with a view to creating tangible results for regional integration. |
| Keywords: | regional integration, northeast asia, organisational development, economic cooperation, international trade |
| JEL: | O19 |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eri:dpaper:2107&r= |
| By: | Uwe Cantner (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Department of Economics, and University of Southern Denmark, Department of Marketing and Management); Martin Kalthaus (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Department of Economics); Indira Yarullina (Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Science-industry collaboration is one of the major channels for transferring new scientific ideas into economic applications. Whereas the factors leading to collaboration are reasonably well understood, the determinants of the outcomes generated by such collaboration are unknown. This paper fills this gap by a new conceptualisation of collaboration outcomes and proposes factors that influence the generation of outcomes. We distinguish three different types of outcomes, namely scientific ones, commercialisable ones, and follow-up cooperation. We argue that scientific factors influence the generation of scientific outcomes, and economic factors the generation of commercialisable outcomes; interaction factors are proposed to influence the emergence of follow-up cooperation. We further propose that these outcomes depend on each other and hence are co-generated. We test our propositions with survey data from scientists in the German state of Thuringia. We asked scientists about characteristics of a particular collaboration and its outcomes. Multivariate probit estimations show that scientific factors positively related to scientific outcomes, and interaction factors are relevant for the follow-up cooperation. However, for economic factors, we find mixed evidence for their relation to commercialisable outcomes. As to outcome interdependence, we only find support for scientific outcomes to be co-generated with each of the other two types. Our results provide implications for policymakers and science managers on how to design funding policies and their evaluation. |
| Keywords: | Technology Transfer, Science-Industry collaboration, Scientific outcome, Commercialisable outcome, Follow-up cooperation, Mulitvariate probit |
| JEL: | I23 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2022–03–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2022-003&r= |
| By: | - |
| Keywords: | AGENDA 2030 PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, DESARROLLO SOCIAL, IGUALDAD, DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE, PROYECTOS DE DESARROLLO, EVALUACION DE PROYECTOS, CEPAL, 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT, EQUALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS, PROJECT EVALUATION, ECLAC |
| Date: | 2021–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col093:47239&r= |
| By: | Kirill Shakhnov (University of Surrey); Luana Zaccaria (EIEF) |
| Abstract: | We propose a model of entrepreneurial finance where start-ups raise capital via Initial Coin Offering (ICO) or traditional funding methods such as Venture Capital (VC). While token sales allow startups to leverage network effects, VC's value-adding services enhance product quality. We show that, even when projects have large potential network effects, ICOs may not be optimal if entrepreneurial ability is low. Moreover, despite the potential complementarity between network effects and value-adding services, entrepreneurs combine VC and ICO funding only in highly efficient VC markets and for projects with high network effects. Using data on funding rounds of blockchain startups, we empirically validate the main results of the model. |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eie:wpaper:2202&r= |
| By: | Yuan, Tianchen; Alasiri, Faisal; Ioannou, Petros A. |
| Abstract: | Connectivity between vehicles and infrastructure allows the efficient flow of information in a dynamic traffic environment. This information can be used to provide recommendations to vehicles in order to alleviate traffic congestion, improve mobility with considerable benefits to the environment. The traffic flow environment however is very complex and involves many uncertainties that include inaccurate measurements, missing data, etc. Any approach to manage or control traffic should be able to handle such uncertainties in a robust way. This project focusses on variable speed limit (VSL) control as an approach to reduce congestion at bottlenecks despite the presence of uncertainties. Numerous research efforts have been made over the years in the field of VSL control in order to resolve bottleneck congestion and improve traffic mobility. Nevertheless, few of them have looked into the issue of robustness with respect to measurement or model uncertainties. In this project, a robust VSL controller is designed based on a modified multi-section cell transmission model (CTM) to alleviate freeway traffic congestion and reject uncertainties. The proposed VSL controller computes the speed limit recommendations using measured flows and densities and communicates them to the upstream vehicles. The optimum location where the speed limit recommendation should be communicated to vehicles is another control variable addressed in the project in order to maximize performance and benefits to the environment. The proposed VSL controller is integrated with ramp metering (RM) controllers and lane change (LC) recommendations to maximize performance. The effectiveness of the integrated control scheme is demonstrated using extensive Monte Carlo microscopic simulations under several traffic demand scenarios and different types and levels of uncertainties. The microscopic simulations are carried out using the commercial traffic software VISSIM. Real data are used to validate the traffic simulator. The benefits in terms of mobility, safety and emissions are quantified. View the NCST Project Webpage |
| Keywords: | Engineering, Variable speed limit, Uncertainty, Sign distance, Integrated control |
| Date: | 2022–03–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdl:itsdav:qt2q60p994&r= |