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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Silvia Marchesi; Tania Masi; Saumik Paul |
| Abstract: | This paper evaluates the effect of development project aid from the World Bank and China on firms' Â’sales growth, using a large dataset of 110864 firms, spanning 121 countries between 2001 and 2016. We find that, contrary to the World Bank, Chinese ODA projects increase, on average, firm sales and, compared to sector-specific, Chinese region-speciÂ…c aid positively affect firm performance. Finally, we show that the positive effect of Chinese aid is stronger for firms lacking transport infrastructure (and with better electricity provision), suggesting that aid may improve firm performance by releasing their infrastructure constraints. |
| Keywords: | Aid effectiveness, World Bank projects, Chinese projects, Geo-coding, Firm growth. |
| JEL: | F35 O19 E24 E25 |
| Date: | 2021–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mib:wpaper:479&r= |
| By: | Sara Bender; Christian Stoy |
| Abstract: | The corresponding and determining success factors of construction projects are essentially quality, deadlines and costs. Cost planning is therefore already a component of the planning service in early phases and has a significant influence on the pros and cons of project implementation. Digital tools and new process flows have been established in the construction industry as part of the digitalization process. Model-based construction cost estimation is used in BIM-based construction projects and obtains element sets and information from digital building models, which consist of objects with alphanumeric and graphic properties. The model-based cost planning processes are not sufficiently scientifically proven and are not subject to a standardized procedure. An ideal-typical model-based target cost estimation process is determined via literature sources. This cost estimation process is reviewed by expert interviews and their analysis by a qualitative content analysis. The result is an actual cost estimation process from current practice, which describes approach and shows process gaps in the area of integration of specialist planner models as well as cost control and cost management. |
| Keywords: | BIM; Cost Estimation; Process; project planning |
| JEL: | R3 |
| Date: | 2021–01–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arz:wpaper:eres2021_191&r= |
| By: | Pilar Beneito (University of Valencia and ERI-CES); María E. Rochina Barrachina (University of Valencia and ERI-CES); Amparo Sanchis (University of Valencia and ERI-CES) |
| Abstract: | Innovative firms use patents to signal the quality of their R&D teams in evaluation processes affected by asymmetric information. Examples of these processes occur when applying for finance from external sources or when searching for collaboration partners for innovation projects. In this paper we provide evidence that, in these cases, firms' external agents undervalue patents of female R&D teams as compared to patents of male R&D teams. We investigate this issue using data of Spanish innovating firms from PITEC, spanning 2005-2014, a panel database that follows the structure of the European Community Innovation Surveys (CIS). We interpret our results as consistent with an evaluation bias against female researchers, making them to be subject to a greater scrutiny as compared to their male counterparts, and thereby suggesting the existence of gender discrimination in R&D. |
| Keywords: | female R&D teams, patents, asymmetric information, quality signals |
| JEL: | O30 O34 C20 J16 |
| Date: | 2021–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eec:wpaper:2110&r= |
| By: | Patricia Crifo (X-DEP-ECO - Département d'Économie de l'École Polytechnique - X - École polytechnique); Yann Kervinio (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Emile Quinet (ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech) |
| Abstract: | The ecological emergency calls for a marked reorientation of public and private investments away from harmful activities towards more environmentally-friendly ones. Green finance can contribute to this, provided that it uses tools that adequately account for environmental impacts in the evaluation of investments. In this article, we discuss how socioeconomic calculus, currently used for the evaluation of investment projects by the State and its operators in France, can be useful for private actors willing to integrate the environmental impacts of their investments to a degree consistent with the collective ambition in this area. We highlight the interest of designing specific and measurable environmental targets, which legitimize and operationalize our collective ambition in the face of today's environmental challenges. |
| Abstract: | L'urgence écologique appelle à une réorientation marquée des investissements publics et privés des activités défavorables vers des activités plus favorables à l'environnement. La finance verte peut y contribuer, pourvu qu'elle se dote d'outils susceptibles d'intégrer dans une juste mesure les impacts environnementaux dans l'évaluation des investissements. Dans cet article, nous discutons comment le calcul socioéconomique, actuellement employé pour l'évaluation des projets d'investissement de l'État et ses opérateurs, peut constituer un outil utile aux acteurs privés désireux d'intégrer les impacts environnementaux de leurs investissements dans une mesure cohérente avec l'ambition collective en la matière. Nous y mettons en évidence l'intérêt de disposer d'objectifs environnementaux spécifiques et mesurables, qui légitiment et traduisent de manière opérationnelle notre ambition collective face aux défis écologiques actuels. |
| Date: | 2021–07–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:pseptp:hal-03270118&r= |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | Social innovations have proven to be valuable in identifying, designing and implementing new solutions to social and environmental problems. The recent COVID-19 outbreak has put a spotlight on the potential of social innovation as a resilience mechanism, including for local development. This paper presents a preliminary framework for analysing social innovation ecosystems at the local level. It can help policy makers to better understand the different concepts around social innovation, and to develop policies to support social innovation and its implementation. The first section considers the features of social innovation and the benefits it can bring. The second section provides an analytical framework for social innovation at the local level. The final section sets a number of guidelines that support the implementation of social innovation ecosystems at local level, including examples of specific policy instruments. |
| Keywords: | local ecosystem, measurement of social innovation, social economy, social entrepreneurship, social innovation |
| JEL: | O35 L30 L31 D04 I3 |
| Date: | 2021–09–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:cfeaaa:2021/06-en&r= |
| By: | Pierre Poinsignon (i3-CRG - Centre de recherche en gestion i3 - X - École polytechnique - Université Paris-Saclay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Thomas Paris |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03097441&r= |