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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Jens Sorvik; Anna Zingmark; Matilda Ardenfors |
| Abstract: | There is a revival in the automotive sector in West Sweden, whereby several new companies set around the vehicle industry are attracting fresh capital and expertise into the region. An increasingly dynamic entrepreneurial ecosystem is generating new innovation intermediaries who provide added-value functions. The emergence of these innovation intermediaries is being driven by political, market-related, socio-cultural, relational and technological factors. These include societal challenges and trends that drive political interest, such as environmental issues and climate change. There is also a political interest in adapting to globalisation, to secure regional competitiveness and resilience. New technology developments include the electrification of vehicles, automation and connected vehicles. This is driving an interest from industry and academia in attracting talent and securing competences. There is also a tradition and experience of collaboration in the region. Volvo Group (AB Volvo) and Volvo Cars are very interested in continuing to nurture the regional ecosystem, by attracting other companies to the region. Civil society is eventually involved in the innovation ecosystem as user of technology, where user behaviour is analysed as an input to development processes. A common view among respondents is that it should be the needs of the stakeholders to drive the setting-up of innovation support actors or collaborative projects. These initiatives should support not only single companies but also many actors in the system, and be conducive to collaborative activities. |
| Keywords: | Place-based, innovation ecosystem, Gothenburg, Sweden, Volvo, quadruple helix, smart specialisation, territorial development, new technologies, automatation, connected vehicles |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc114384&r=all |
| By: | Niek Mouter (Delft University of Technology); Paul Koster (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam); Thijs Dekker (University of Leeds) |
| Abstract: | Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is a widely applied economic appraisal tool to support the planning and decision-making process for transport projects. However, in the planning literature CBA has been criticized for at least three reasons: 1) CBA focuses on traditional transport system related planning goals and poorly considers the broader goals of urban transport planning such as social equity; 2) CBA corrodes and degrades the forward looking nature of the planning proficiency. The instrument can be conceived as a backward looking methodology as it assumes that people’s past decisions in a (private) market setting reflect their normative ideas regarding their preferred future urban mobility system; 3) CBA fails to recognize the specific (local) features of the problem which a transport project aspires to solve as practical CBA studies use generic price tags to value impacts of a transport project. Participatory Value Evaluation (PVE) is a novel evaluation approach specifically designed to overcome these criticisms while preserving the positive aspects that CBA brings to planning. This paper illustrates the PVE method with a case study on the evaluation of a transport investment scheme of the Transport Authority Amsterdam. In total 2,498 citizens participated in the PVE. We find that projects with the highest social value focus on safety and improvements for cyclists and pedestrians, whereas projects that focus on reducing travel times for car users have lower value. Moreover, we establish that PVE captures citizens’ preferences towards broader goals of transport planning such as improving health and the environment, fostering city cycling as well as the inclusion of ethical considerations such as spatial equality. PVE also allows for the inclusion of citizens’ normative ideas regarding their preferred future urban mobility system and local characteristics of the transport problem/solution. |
| JEL: | O21 D61 D63 R42 R58 |
| Date: | 2019–07–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tin:wpaper:20190046&r=all |
| By: | Quentin Plantec (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Propriété Industrielle (INPI)); Benjamin Cabanes (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Pascal Le Masson (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Benoît Weil (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | University-Industry (U-I) collaborative Ph.D. is one particular channel amongst a wide range of methods for firms to access academic knowledge. While often presented as a mean for firms to hire Ph.D. candidates or to address problem-solving issues, U-I collaborative Ph.D. could constitute an interesting proxy to deeper explore U-I collaborations goals and principles. We focus here on (1) what could be the different archetypes of U-I collaborative Ph.D. in terms of R&D strategies and collaboration forms? (2) In what extent firms and universities contribute to new knowledge co-development and unknown exploration through those collaborations? This exploratory study was based on an original date set of 90 collaboration agreements between laboratories and companies through the French "CIFRE" programme. First, we developed a coding scheme to classify each project between three collaboration forms (outsourcing of knowledge development / knowledge transfer & absorptive capacity / knowledge co-development) and three R&D strategies (process or product improvement / new competences enhancement / new innovation area exploration). Second, we computed descriptive statistical analyses to define four main archetypes of U-I collaborative Ph.D. As a result, the archetypes definition provided a more comprehensive vision of the literature on U-I collaborative Ph.D. projects that were appearing fragmented. We also highlighted that there was a high share of projects aiming at co-developing new knowledge for unknown exploration in our limited sample. We finally discussed (1) institutional factors that could favour this orientation and (2) possibilities to extend the scope of the study. |
| Keywords: | University -Industry ecosystems,R&D strategies,R&D collaborations,University - Industry PhD student,doctoral programmes |
| Date: | 2019–06–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02152927&r=all |
| By: | Chia-Hui Chen; Junichiro Ishida; Wing Suen |
| Abstract: | We develop a general model, with the exponential bandit as a special case, in which high-ability agents are more likely to achieve early success but also learn faster that their project is not promising. These counteracting effects give rise to a signaling model in which the single-crossing condition fails but a double-crossing property holds. We characterize the unique D1 equilibrium under double-crossing condition, and show that it tends to produce pooling. Ability to identify good projects and ability to execute a good project have different implications for the equilibrium allocation. Our model also incorporates public news, which generates dynamic distortions. |
| Date: | 2019–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:1060&r=all |
| By: | Charlotte Cabili; Pia Caronongan; Philip Gleason; Ronette Briefel; Nicholas Redel; Sarah Forrestal; Gregory Chojnacki; Breanna Wakar |
| Abstract: | This evaluation report describes the vision, implementation, and impacts on child food insecurity and other outcomes of the Virginia 365 project. |
| Keywords: | Food security, food spending, child hunger, school suppers, school lunch, food backpacks, summer EBT, school children, randomized controlled trial, impact evaluation |
| JEL: | I0 I1 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:4d42482f2cb846678f8328a818d7dbab&r=all |
| By: | Ronette Briefel; Gregory Chojnacki; Vivian Gabor; Philip Gleason; Rebecca Kleinman; Nicholas Redel; Michael Cavanaugh; Charlotte Cabili; Breanna Wakar; Sarah Forrestal |
| Abstract: | This evaluation report describes the vision, implementation, and impacts on child food insecurity and other outcomes of the Chickasaw Nation Packed Promise project. |
| Keywords: | Food security, child hunger, school meals, school children, Indian tribal organization, home food delivery, SNAP, WIC, randomized controlled trial, impact evaluation, food spending |
| JEL: | I0 I1 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:1828afdbfd6a4d88bc0ee0c9c0126ea5&r=all |
| By: | Philip Gleason; Rebecca Kleinman; Gregory Chojnacki; Sarah Forrestal; Nicholas Redel; Breanna Wakar; Ronette Briefel |
| Abstract: | This evaluation report describes the vision, implementation, and impacts on child food insecurity and other outcomes of the Nevada Healthy, Hunger Free Kids (HHFK) project. |
| Keywords: | Food security, child hunger, SNAP, randomized trial, preschool children, WIC, food spending |
| JEL: | I0 I1 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:7a171f0e1b1c484aa5d64ea1eee8e3d0&r=all |
| By: | Andrew Gothro; Gregory Chojnacki; Rebecca Kleinman; Philip Gleason; Nicholas Redel; Breanna Wakar; Sarah Forrestal; Ronette Briefel |
| Abstract: | This evaluation report describes the vision, implementation, and impacts on child food insecurity and other outcomes of the Kentucky Ticket to Healthy Food (TTHF) project. |
| Keywords: | Food security, child hunger, SNAP, randomized control trial, children, food spending, grocery shopping, transportation |
| JEL: | I0 I1 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:d701a5e62bfb4b6a89e7bf6bd362c6be&r=all |