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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Fanny Simon (Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Caen); Albéric Tellier (Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Caen) |
| Abstract: | This article focuses on individuals working on innovation developments during the unfolding of innovation streams. Innovation streams include both exploitation-and exploration-oriented projects. Those projects imply different temporalities and can be conducted at different paces. This research examines how different temporalities within a single innovation stream are managed first at the level of projects and then among projects. We collected data on an innovation stream in the semiconductor industry. We explain how teams and organization develop processes and tools to address different temporalities. The results show that the process of learning occurs first within projects and then among projects. Our research offers new understandings of the transition of organizations towards a project-based structure by demonstrating that changes in practices can occur first as a reaction to external events, then as the results of new arrangements triggered by management and finally as the consequences of the team's proactive actions. |
| Keywords: | Innovation,Temporality,Project,Exploration,Exploitation |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01572302&r=ppm |
| By: | Dragos Vieru (Université du Québec - Université du Québec - Université du Québec); Pierre-Emmanuel Arduin (DRM - Dauphine Recherches en Management - Université Paris-Dauphine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | This study focuses on how knowledge sharing across boundaries of merging entities during an information system (IS) implementation project in a shared services center (SSC) context affects the resulting system functionality. Although the literature stresses the growing adoption of the SSC as an outsourcing model, there is a lack of studies that examine shared services as a dynamic process of knowledge sharing across the organizational boundaries. We draw on a sociomaterial practice perspective and on the theory of workarounds to analyze an IS implementation project in a healthcare organization resulting from a merger of previously independent hospitals. The results suggest that new technology can be enacted in different ways as it links up with practices of different communities of users. We propose a multilevel process model that indicates at the end of the project a resulting mix of formal and informal (workarounds) practices that emerged from a dialectic process of resistance to, and negotiation of, the IS configuration during its implementation. |
| Keywords: | Shared services center,Knowledge sharing,Sociomaterial practice,perspective,performativity,sociomaterial assemblages |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01458031&r=ppm |
| By: | Jean Guillaume Forand; Jan Zapal |
| Abstract: | We characterise the optimal demand and supply of favours in a dynamic principal-agent model of joint production, in which heterogenous project opportunities arrive stochastically and are publicly observed upon arrival, utility from these projects is non-transferable and commitment to future production is limited. Our results characterise the optimal dynamic contract, and we establish that the principal's supply of favours (the production of projects that benefit the agent but not the principal) is backloaded, that the principal's demand for favours (the production of projects that benefit the principal but not the agent) is frontloaded, and that the production of projects is ordered by their comparative advantage, that is, by their associated efficiency in extracting (for demanded projects) and providing (for supplied projects) utility to the agent. Furthermore, we provide an exact construction of the optimal contract when project opportunities follow a Markov process. |
| Keywords: | dynamic contracts; trading favours; team production |
| JEL: | D86 C73 L24 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp605&r=ppm |
| By: | Tomas Sjöström (Department of Economics, Rutgers University); Levent Ülkü (Department of Economics, Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México); Radovan Vadovic (Department of Economics, Carleton University) |
| Abstract: | We conduct an experimental test of the long-standing conjecture that autonomy increases motivation and job performance. Subjects face a menu consisting of two projects: one risky and one safe. The probability that the risky project succeeds depends on the subject’s e?ort. In one treatment, subjects choose a project from the menu; in the other treatment, they are assigned a project from the menu. Using a di?erence-in-di?erence approach that controls for selection e?ects, we show that autonomy (the right to choose a project) has a signi?cant pure motivation e?ect on e?ort. The e?ect is consistent with aversion to anticipated regret, but not with standard expected-utility maximization. Futher, as predicted by regret theory, e?ort on the (chosen) risky project is increasing in the return to the (unchosen) safe project, and the pure motivation e?ect is greater, the riskier is the risky project. Finally, we ?nd a signi?cant negative relationship between the strength of the pure motivation e?ect and the subjects’ expected earnings. Classification- |
| Date: | 2017–09–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:car:carecp:17-11&r=ppm |
| By: | Tom Broekel; Lars Mewes |
| Abstract: | Existing studies on regional diversification highlight the importance of local path dependencies and related competences. However, little attention has been paid to other factors potentially contributing to diversification processes. Foremost, this concerns the role of R&D policy. This study investigates the relation between R&D policy and regional technological diversification in German labor market regions from 1996 to 2010. We find no evidence for proactive R&D policies, as subsidized R&D projects do not promote regional technological diversification. In contrast, R&D subsidies? allocation is rather risk-averse with subsidies being more likely allocated to already established technologies and those related to region?s technology portfolio. |
| Keywords: | regional diversification, innovation, policy, R&D subsidies, relatedness |
| JEL: | R11 O31 O33 O38 |
| Date: | 2017–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1726&r=ppm |
| By: | Matthew Kehn; Gina Livermore; Eric Morris |
| Abstract: | This brief summarizes findings from the Minnesota SGA Project demonstration. The demonstration implemented innovations designed to improve the employment outcomes of nonblind state vocational rehabilitation clients receiving Social Security Disability Insurance. |
| Keywords: | vocational rehabilitation, social security disability insurance, employment, substantial gainful activity |
| JEL: | I J |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:d3c9586267d74b7598d46741f5176b7d&r=ppm |