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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Silvia Cruz (UNICAMP - University of Campinas [Campinas] - University of Campinas); Sônia Paulino (University of Sao Paolo); Faïz Gallouj (Clersé - UMR CNRS 8019 - Institut de Sociologie et d'Anthropologie - Université Lille 1 - Sciences et technologies) |
| Abstract: | This paper is devoted to public services innovation in the municipal solid waste sector. It analyses the implementation of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects in the Bandeirantes and São João landfills in the municipality of São Paulo, Brazil. The study is based on the concept of Public-Private Innovation Networks in services (ServPPINs). Using the ServPPIN concept it was possible to identify competence gaps affecting the stakeholders involved in these CDM projects. We focus in particular on those organisational and relational competence gaps that are likely to weaken innovation feasibility in services related to solid waste. In fact, innovation is closely linked to the development of new competences among service providers and users. For the most part, these will arise out of changes in interactions between actors-given that the projects in question include the coordination of various actors (public, private, and citizen). |
| Keywords: | landfill,public service innovation,clean development mechanism,ServPPIN |
| Date: | 2015–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01247615&r=ppm |
| By: | Vinogradov, Dmitri; Shadrina, Elena |
| Abstract: | Public-private partnerships (PPP) allow involvement of private parties in the provision of public goods. How does this differ from traditional public procurement? We view PPPs as collaborative projects with information frictions. Typical public procurement contracts tackle the problems of asymmetric information. However, not all projects are contractible; some are not profitable enough to ensure participation of the private partner. This is due, in part, to costly information verification, and in part to the profitability requirements of the private party. We demonstrate what specific features of a partnership can improve feasibility of projects, and thus both provide a justification of PPP as a form of public good provision, and demonstrate how and whether it differs from procurement. We then analyse real life examples of PPP projects from the perspective of optimal choice of contracts, involvement of both partners, and the features that make these PPP arrangements superior to public procurement. |
| Keywords: | public-private partnerships, public finance, contracting |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esy:uefcwp:16024&r=ppm |
| By: | Dicks, David; Fulghieri, Paolo |
| Abstract: | We develop a theory of innovation waves, investor sentiment, and merger activity based on uncertainty aversion. Investors must typically decide whether or not to fund an innovative project with very limited knowledge of the odds of success, a situation that is best described as "Knightian uncertainty." We show that uncertainty-averse investors are more optimistic on an innovation if they can also make contemporaneous investments in other innovative ventures. This means that uncertainty aversion makes investment in innovative projects strategic complements, which results in innovation waves. We also show that innovation waves may be sparked by favorable technological shocks in one sector, and then spill over to other contiguous sectors. Thus, innovation waves ripple through the economy amid strong investor sentiment. Finally, we argue that an active M&A market promotes innovative activity and leads to greater innovation rates and firm valuations. |
| Keywords: | ambiguity aversion; hot IPO markets; innovation |
| JEL: | G31 G32 G34 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11082&r=ppm |
| By: | Rasul, Imran; Rogger, Daniel |
| Abstract: | We study how the management practices bureaucrats operate under correlate to the quantity of public services delivered, using data from the Nigerian Civil Service. We have hand-coded independent engineering assessments of 4700 project completion rates. We supplement this with a management survey in the bureaucracies responsible for these projects, building on Bloom and Van Reenen [2007]. Management practices matter: increasing bureaucrats' autonomy is positively associated with completion rates, yet practices related to incentives/monitoring of bureaucrats are negatively associated with completion rates. Our evidence provides new insights on the importance of management in public bureaucracies in a developing country setting. |
| Keywords: | bureaucracy; management |
| JEL: | J33 O20 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11078&r=ppm |
| By: | Catherine Moreddu |
| Abstract: | Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are increasingly used in agricultural innovation to leverage public funds, enhance efficiency, and improve the adaptation of innovation to demand so as to foster wider and faster diffusion. For governments, PPPs for innovation are but one policy option, whose costs and benefits need to be compared with those of other options. Governments have put in place a policy and regulatory environment to facilitate the development of PPPs for innovation, including financing mechanisms and Intellectual Property (IP) protection. Most programmes are not specific to the food and agriculture system, but apply to the economy-wide innovation system. The main a priori conditions for forming a successful partnership between public and private participants are existence of common objectives, sharing of mutual benefits, and complementarity of human and financial resources. Institutional arrangements need to be clear, but the degree of formality can vary. Elements of good governance include setting clear objectives and rules, and implementing regular monitoring and evaluation that use well-established, open and competitive processes to select PPPs for public participation. Transparency is desirable at all stages of implementation. Improving partners’ capacity to design, manage and participate in PPPs is an important factor of success, and is particularly relevant for agricultural innovation. |
| Keywords: | governance, agricultural innovation, research funding, public-private partnerships |
| JEL: | O31 O38 Q16 |
| Date: | 2016–01–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:agraaa:92-en&r=ppm |
| By: | Michelle Norris (School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice, University College Dublin); Rory Hearne (TASC - Think-tank for Action on Social Change) |
| Abstract: | This paper examines variations in residents’ responses to proposals to redevelop three public housing neighbourhoods in Dublin using Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) and the outcomes their resistance achieved. In two of these neighbourhoods community representative structures were strong and although one community co-operated with the PPP plans and the other opposed them, both were broadly successful in achieving their campaign objectives. Community structures in the third case-study area were weak however and the imposition of PPP redevelopment devastated this neighbourhood which is now almost entirely vacant. This case study is employed to critique the literature on grassroots resistance to urban redevelopment and welfare state restructuring and social housing development policy in Ireland. The paper concludes that, contrary to many researchers’ assumptions, residents’ political action and resistance can significantly influence on public housing redevelopment strategies despite the dominance of neoliberal and entrepreneurial governance regimes. However, for vulnerable communities were representative structures are weak, the over-emphasis on gentrification/ social mixing and refurbishing the built environment in Irish public housing development policy can have devastating consequences. Indeed, demolition and rebuilding programmes in particular can destabilise target neighbourhoods to the extent that the residents who ultimately enjoy the benefits of public housing redevelopment are largely or entirely different from those who campaigned for its instigation. |
| Keywords: | Social housing, redevelopment, privatization, gentrification, resistance, neighbourhood, Ireland. |
| Date: | 2016–02–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ucd:wpaper:201605&r=ppm |
| By: | Minh Ha-Duong (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CIRAD - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - AgroParisTech); Michèle Gaultier (APESA - Association Pour l'Environnement et la Sécurité en Aquitaine - APESA); Benoît De Guillebon (APESA - Association Pour l'Environnement et la Sécurité en Aquitaine - APESA); Gilles Mardon (CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CIRAD - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - AgroParisTech) |
| Abstract: | This Project was one of the first integrated CCS projects in the world at this scale, and the first to be authorised in France. The social dynamics of this project were particularly interesting at the local level. The CO 2 storage site was close to a fairly densely populated area-the city of Pau and it's neighboring cities had nearly 150,000 inhabitants in 2007. The CCS chain started at the Lacq Industrial Facility (located 30km from the injection site). The communities around the Industrial Facility have been living for over 50 years with a high level of industrial activity near their homes, however, the communities nearest the storage area, tend to be semi-urban or rural with less familiarity of industry. After describing the local context, this chapter presents the local actors and describes the " concertation " 1 process that was led both before and after the official permit request for the Lacq Pilot Project. The final sections of the report present the results of a survey of the Jurançon population and the analysis of the press coverage from their project. 01: During a field visit, |
| Keywords: | CCS carbon capture and storage,Acceptability,Lacq |
| Date: | 2015–09–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01249956&r=ppm |
| By: | Blader, Steven; Gartenberg, Claudine; Prat, Andrea |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates how the success of a management practice depends on the nature of the long-term relationship between the firm and its employees. A large US transportation company is in the process of fitting its trucks with an electronic on-board recorder (EOBR), which provide drivers with information on their driving performance. In this setting, a natural question is whether the optimal managerial practice consists of: (1) Letting each driver know his or her individual performance only; or (2) Also providing drivers with information about their ranking with respect to other drivers. The company is also in the first phase of a multi-year "lean-management journey", which corresponds to an overhaul of the relational contract with its employees. This phase focuses exclusively on changing employee values, mainly toward a greater emphasis on teamwork and empowerment. The main result of our randomized experiment is that (2) leads to better performance than (1) in a particular site if and only if the site has not yet received the values intervention, and worse performance if it has. The result is consistent with the presence of a conflict between competition-based managerial practices and a cooperation-based relational contract. More broadly, it highlights the role of intangible relational factors in determining the optimal set of managerial practices. |
| Keywords: | management; relational contracts; relative ranking |
| JEL: | D2 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11057&r=ppm |
| By: | Juha Kontio (Faculty of Telecommunications and e-Business - Faculty of Telecommunications and e-Business (Turku University of Applied Sciences)); Krista Heikkinen (Faculty of Telecommunications and e-Business - Faculty of Telecommunications and e-Business (Turku University of Applied Sciences)); Fredrik Georgsson (. - Umea Institute of Technology (Umea University)); Jens Bennedsen (School of engineering Aarhus University (Aahus University)); Robin Clark (. - School of Engineering and Applied Science (Aston University)); Asrun Matthiasdottir (School of Science and Engineering (Reykjavik University)); Paul Hermon (School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (Queens University Belfast)); Siegfried Rouvrais (TELECOM - IRISA - PASS - IRISA - Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires - UR1 - Université de Rennes 1 - UBS - Université de Bretagne Sud - ENS Rennes - École normale supérieure - Rennes - INRIA - SUPELEC - INSA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Télécom Bretagne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Télécom Bretagne, INFO - Département informatique - Télécom Bretagne - UEB - Université européenne de Bretagne - Institut Mines-Télécom); Markku Karhu (Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences (.)) |
| Abstract: | Improving European education and training system quality has been set as a key target in Europe's strategy to become a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy by 2020 (European Commission 2010). These objectives are more specifically defined in the so called Modernisation Agenda (European Commission 2011). More specifically it sets a goal to improve the quality and relevance of higher education. In this process external evaluation and self-assessment are seen in a key role! In the CDIO approach the 12 CDIO standards provide a framework for continuous improvement. Each institution/institutional department are encouraged to regularly do the self-evaluation using the CDIO Standards. Eight European universities identified a need for further enhancement of the self-evaluations and creation of processes with peers to reduce the inertia of heavy accreditations/evaluations in HEIs. In September 2014 these universities started an Erasmus+ project (QAEMarketPlace4HEI) aiming at (1) Developing a collaborative, comprehensive and accessible evaluation process model, methods and tools for HEIs to complement the accreditation systems; (2) Promoting, increasing and exploiting further the European collaboration in the evaluation processes and the exchange of best practices; (3) Disseminating the model, best practices and widen the cooperation to new HEIs in Europe through the partner networks. |
| Keywords: | Evaluation,ISO,Accreditation,Erasmus+,Cross sparring,CDIO,Engineering education,ISO/IEC 15504,TREE,Standard,Model-based improvement,Process improvement,Process,Educational systems,Higher education,Educational Framework,Quality Assurance,Assurance qualité,Model,Amelioration,Formation,Apprentissage |
| Date: | 2015–06–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01264153&r=ppm |