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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Jesus Gonzalez-Feliu (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE]); Eichi Taniguchi (The University of Tokyo [Toyo] - The University of Tokyo ( Japan)); Bruno Faivre d'Arcier (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - CNRS - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État [ENTPE]) |
| Abstract: | Urban goods movement and urban logistics started to be defined as a scientific discipline 20 years ago, where several actions in research, development, policy and deployment were started to be coordinated. However, most of the innovations and projects presented in that field are stopped or reduced because of a common constraint that becomes its worst enemy: the financing mechanisms. Although many studies deal with urban logistics, only a few of them show the difficulties at financing, but without entering in detail on the financing mechanisms. This chapter aims to present the main financing issues in urban logistics. First, the main categories of funding strategies that can be applied to urban logistics are presented, focusing on public-private interactions and collaborations. After that, a scenario assessment using a cost benefit analysis framework shows the different interests and issues of each category of stakeholders, and the main advantages and limits of each category of investment and financing strategies. Then, the fields of urban logistics that seem the most adapted to public-private collaboration in terms of financing are identified and commented. As a conclusion, guidelines for researchers and practitioners to take into account financing issues in urban logistics decision support are proposed. |
| Date: | 2014–10–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01074619&r=ppm |
| By: | Virginie Svenningsen (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Eva Boxenbaum (Copenhagen Business School - Copenhagen Business School, CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) |
| Abstract: | Despite the growing literature on hybrid organizations, little attention has been paid to the micro-processes that sustain their functionality, especially the role of emotions in individuals' efforts to cope with hybrid complexity. We empirically examine, through a case study in the renewable energy sector, how individuals relate emotionally to potentially divergent components of hybrid organizations. Drawing on the literature on psychological bonds and the findings from our case study, we develop a framework that specifies how individuals engage emotionally with the challenges of working in a hybrid organization. Based on this study, we argue that individuals are more likely to succeed in combining or integrating multiple demands when they establish psychological bonds of a medium level intensity to multiple components of a hybrid organization. In contrast, psychological bonds of low or high level intensity tend to undermine their capacity and/or motivation to cope emotionally with hybrid organizations. This framework sheds light on the affective engagement that, in combination with cognitive sensemaking, enables individuals to cope with, and navigate, the inherent paradoxes of working in a hybrid organization. |
| Date: | 2015–04–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01163972&r=ppm |
| By: | Milena Klasing Chen (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Sophie Hooge (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris); Blanche Segrestin (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) |
| Abstract: | Value creation and the companies’ value propositions have long been the centre of managers’ concerns. Although increasing work is done on creating value with the customer, value creation at the ecosystem level is less studied. This is particularly the case in innovation contexts. Through the study of two cases in strongly regulated business-to-business (B2B) markets, one on a public transports operator and one on a systems assembler in the aeronautic sector, we analyse how projects on radical innovations are efficient levers to investigate the mechanisms of value creation for several actors. We propose a model of these regulated B2B markets - complex value networks - and show how the value evaluation framework was changed by a business model innovation, evolving to take into account the value for several actors of the ecosystem. We furthermore describe how major innovation in product design challenges the existing regulations, allowing companies to propose or sustain innovative regulations, and changes relations in the value network, sustaining the emergence of new partnerships. |
| Date: | 2015–06–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01147408&r=ppm |
| By: | Marine Agogué (HEC Montréal - HEC MONTRÉAL); Pascal Le Masson (CGS - Centre de Gestion Scientifique - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris) |
| Abstract: | Some industries are lacking the proposal of truly original new ideas to renew existing products and/or services, despite repeated efforts from all stakeholders to make innovative and original proposals. These situations, called orphan innovation, lead to revisit the contemporary approaches to the study of obstacles in ideation, as orphan innovation is a paradoxical situation. Conventional financial constraints and institutional level are released, the market demand is strong, niche strategies are possible and bold entrepreneurs abound. And yet, the proposals do not fulfil expectations regarding innovation. We advocate in this paper that cognitive sciences can contribute to making sense of this phenomenon. Based on recent studies in cognitive psychology on idea generation, we propose a model of ideation reasoning, contrasting heuristic-based reasoning and exploration-based reasoning. We then apply this model on a case study, showing how a cognitive model of ideation allows to diagnose orphan innovation and more generally innovation lock-ins. |
| Date: | 2015–08–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01132377&r=ppm |
| By: | Jean-Louis Ermine (TEM - DSI - Département Systèmes d'Information - Télécom Ecole de Management - Institut Mines-Télécom); Pascal Lièvre (CRCGM - Centre de Recherche Clermontois en Gestion et Management - UBP - Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 - Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I - École Supérieure de Commerce (ESC) - Clermont-Ferrand); Claude Paraponaris (LEST - Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail - AMU - Aix-Marseille Université - CNRS - Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1 - Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2); Claude Guittard (BETA - BETA - Bureau d'économie théorique et appliquée - CNRS - Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I) |
| Abstract: | The emergence of a French speaking research community in Knowledge Management (through the annual GeCSO congress), produced more than one hundred contributions since 2008. This article proposes a structure for that domain, based on that production. It is possible to extract six research programs that are distinct but tightly linked. Those programs are attractors liable to structure the domain. Those research programs are widely multidisciplinary. They converge on the necessity of making a distinction between information and knowledge, and considering knowledge more as a cognitive process than an object. |
| Abstract: | L'émergence d'une communauté de recherche francophone multidisciplinaire GecSO (Gestion des Connaissances, Société et Organisation) autour du management des connaissances donne lieu à la production d'une centaine de contributions depuis 2008. L'objet de cet article est de proposer une structuration du champ à partir de cette production. Il est possible de dégager six programmes de recherche qui sont à la fois distincts mais reliés entre eux. Ces programmes constituent des attracteurs propres à structurer le champ. Ces programmes de recherche ont la particularité de traverser largement les disciplines. Ces programmes de recherche convergent sur la nécessité de distinguer information et connaissance, d'appréhender la connaissance comme une activité cognitive plutôt qu'un objet. |
| Date: | 2014–01–20 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01025287&r=ppm |
| By: | Hoang Anh Nguyen Trinh (CleanED - Clean Energy and Sustainable Development Lab - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM) - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), Department of Renewable Energy - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM) - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM) - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - CIRAD - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - CNRS); Minh Ha-Duong (CleanED - Clean Energy and Sustainable Development Lab - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM) - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), Department of Renewable Energy - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM) - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM) - Université des Sciences et des Technologies de Hanoi - USTH (VIETNAM), CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - AgroParisTech - CIRAD - Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement - École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC) - CNRS) |
| Abstract: | This paper summarizes expert opinions regarding crucial factors that may influence Vietnam’s future use of carbon capture and storage (CCS) based on face-to-face interviews in December 2013 with 16 CCS-related experts from the Vietnamese government, research institutes, universities and the energy industrial sector. This study finds that financial incentives and climate policy are the most important factors for the development of CCS technologies in Vietnam in the next two decades. Financial incentives involve direct subsidies from the government, such as tax exemptions for land use and the importation of CCS-related equipment. In addition, all the experts agree that international financial support is important to initiate a large deployment of CCS technologies in Vietnam by implementing demonstrative/pilot projects to prove CCS’s working efficiency. |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01137656&r=ppm |
| By: | Oana Peia (THEMA - Théorie économique, modélisation et applications - Université de Cergy Pontoise - CNRS, ESSEC Business School - Essec Business School); Radu Vranceanu (Economics Department - Essec Business School) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes how banks' funding constraints impact the access and cost of capital of small firms. Banks raise external finance from a large number of small investors who face co-ordination problems and invest in small, risky businesses. When investors observe noisy signals about the true implementation cost of real sector projects, the model can be solved for a threshold equilibrium in the classical global games approach. We show that a "socially optimal" interest rate that maximizes the probability of success of the small firm is higher than the risk-free rate, because higher interest rates relax the bank's funding constraint. However, banks will generally set an interest rate higher than this socially optimal one. This gives rise to a built-in inefficiency of banking intermediation activity that can be corrected by various policy measures. |
| Date: | 2015–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-01109331&r=ppm |