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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Hülsbergen, Kurt-Jürgen (Ed.); Rahmann, Gerold (Ed.) |
| Abstract: | Im vorliegenden Abschlussbericht wird über die im Projektverbund "Klimawirkungen und Nachhaltigkeit ökologischer und konventioneller Betriebssysteme - Untersuchungen in einem Netzwerk von Pilotbetrieben" durchgeführten Arbeiten berichtet. Die Projekte werden im Rahmen des "Bundesprogramms Ökologischer Landbau und andere Formen nachhaltiger Landwirtschaft" vom Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft über die Bundesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und Ernährung unter den Förderkennzeichen 06OE160 (Technische Universität München) und 06OE353 (Thünen- Institut) gefördert. Der Bericht enthält Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen der Jahre 2013 und 2014. Erkenntnisse aus den ersten vier Projektjahren wurden bereits im Thünen Report 8 (2013) publiziert. Der projektübergreifende Charakter des Forschungsberichts ist fachlich begründet und erfolgt in Abstimmung aller Projektpartner und fördernden Institutionen. Projektziele und Vorgehensweise sowie die Ergebnisse der am Projekt beteiligten Arbeitsgruppen werden in eigenständigen Artikeln dargestellt. An ausgewählten Pilotbetrieben wird gezeigt, welche betrieblichen Optimierungsansätze in den Bereichen Tiergesundheit und Tierwohl und der Ressourceneffizienz (Nährstoff-, Energie- und Landnutzungseffizienz) vorstellbar sind. Grundlage hierfür sind Monitoringdaten und modellgestützte Analysen, erste Auswertungen zu Tiergesundheit und Tierwohl nach dem 'Welfare Quality Assessment protocol for cattle' sowie zum Arzneimitteleinsatz in der Milchviehhaltung. Im Teil 'Wissenschafts-Praxis-Transfer' wird untersucht, ob die Daten und die neu entwickelten Beratungsinstrumente betriebliche Entwicklungsprozesse wirksam unterstützen. |
| Abstract: | In this final report results of the joint project "Climate Effects and Sustainability of Organic and Conventional Farming Systems - Assessment in a Network of Pilot Farms" are presented. The project is funded within the "Federal Programme for Organic and Sustainable Farming" by the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture via the Federal Office of Agriculture and Food (project numbers 06OE160, Technical University Munich and 06OE353, Thünen-Institute). Results of the years 2013 to 2014 are given. Outcomes of the first four project years were already presented in Thünen Report 8 (2013). The report is published in agreement between the project partners and the funding bodies. It has a transdisciplinary character. General project aims, methodologies and models that were used and the results created in the individual working groups are presented in separate articles. For selected farms of the network, potentials to improve sustainability in animal health and welfare as well as in resource efficiency (nutrients, energy, land use) are shown. This was done based on results of the 'Welfare Quality Assessment protocol for cattle', on the use of veterinary drugs, on agronomic monitoring data and on model based analyses. In the field of 'science-into-practice' it is analysed how the project results and the advisory concepts that were developed might support future development of farms. |
| Keywords: | Klimawirkungen,Tiergesundheit,Tierwohl,Ressourceneffizienz,Betriebsberatung,Climate effects,animal health,animal welfare,resource efficiency,farm advisory concepts |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:jhtire:29&r=ppm |
| By: | Polyakov, Maksym; Fogarty, James; Zhang, Fan; Pandit, Ram; Pannell, David J. |
| Abstract: | Many urban streams have been cleared of native vegetation and converted to open drains resulting in a loss of ecological and aesthetic function. There is a growing recognition of the importance of these functions and work is being done to restore urban drains and create fully functioning wetland ecosystems (“living streams”). Such restoration work involves substantial cost, and it is important to know if the benefits generated from “living streams” are greater than restoration costs. This paper presents a detailed economic analysis of an urban drain restoration project in Perth, Western Australia. Controlling for other factors, we find homes within 200m of the restoration site increased in value by 4.4% once the restored area became fully established. When we compare benefits to cost we find that, with real discount rates of 5%, 7%, and 9%, project benefit−cost ratios are 2.6, 2.5, and 2.2, respectively. We then show that current institutional arrangements in Western Australia make it difficult to implement urban drain restoration projects, even when project benefits are greater than project costs. The paper concludes by identifying changes to governance arrangements that would allow value enhancing restoration projects to be undertaken. |
| Keywords: | Stream restoration, Water Sensitive Urban Design, Economic valuation, Hedonic Pricing Method, Governance, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Q51, Q58, R22, |
| Date: | 2015–06–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:uwauwp:206300&r=ppm |
| By: | Nils May |
| Abstract: | Germany changed renewable remuneration for wind power from a fixed Feed-In Tariff (FIT) to a floating Market Premium Scheme (MPS) in 2012. One aim of this adjustment was to better align the supply of generated wind electricity with the demand for it, e.g. through more system-friendly wind turbine technology choices. In energy systems with a high share of variable renewable energies, such turbines produce a higher share of their production at lower wind speeds and thus can reduce the need for alternative flexibility options like back-up capacity, storage, grid extensions and demand side measures. However, based on a wind power investment model, I show that the MPS fails to convey strong enough incentives to project developers to significantly alter their investment decisions as long as these base their investments on current electricity market price profiles and are limited by their access to risk-averse project finance. One reform proposal to support the installation of system-friendly turbines is a change in the production volume-based benchmark approach which plays an integral part in both the fixed FIT and the MPS. The investment model indicates that such a revised policy can incentivize the deployment of moderately more system-friendly wind power technologies at some locations. An alternative option is to shift to a production value-based benchmark approach. It directly reflects the future additional market value of system-friendly turbines in today's remuneration structure. Thus, this approach sets incentives also for investors without perfect foresight - or with financing constraints - to deploy more systemfriendly turbines that meet the requirements of power systems with increasing shares of wind power. |
| Keywords: | Renewable Energies, Wind Power Technology, Feed-in Tariff, Project Finance, Market Premium |
| JEL: | Q42 Q55 O38 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:diw:diwwpp:dp1485&r=ppm |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | Space technology and geographic information systems (GIS) have now become valuable tools in helping development organizations achieve their missions. They can be applied to various development sectors including agriculture, rural development, and food security; education; energy; environment; climate change; health; pubic management and governance (especially disaster risk management); transport; urban development; and water management. This report provides an overview of the space technology and GIS applications in ADB to date by introducing some of the past and ongoing ADB projects that have applied space technology and/or GIS. It includes information about how the technologies were applied, the service providers, and the cost for the application, so that practitioners including staff of development organizations and government staff in DMCs can easily apply similar technologies to their projects and/or daily operations. |
| Keywords: | Space Technology, GIS, Geographic Information Systems, Applications, Asian Development Bank |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt146930-3&r=ppm |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (South Asia Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (South Asia Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | The South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Program brings together Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka in a project-based partnership to promote regional prosperity by improving cross-border connectivity, facilitating faster and less costly trade among member countries, and strengthening regional economic cooperation. Since 2001, the Asian Development Bank has invested support more than $5.6 billion through loan and grants to member countries that improve physical infrastructure, support reform processes and build capacity in the three key areas of SASEC—transport, trade facilitation, and energy. SASEC also creates knowledge platforms that promote a regular exchange of information and experience-sharing in the subregion and ensure that international best practices underpin and strengthen the planning of effective regional development initiatives. The Asian Development Bank serves as the SASEC Secretariat. |
| Keywords: | regional prosperity, SASEC, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka, regional economic cooperation, transport, trade facilitation, and energy |
| Date: | 2014–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt146898-2&r=ppm |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | The transport sector is key to the continued economic development of Asia and the Pacific. By improving connectivity and making the movement of goods and people more affordable, transport contributes to economic growth, efficiency, and competitiveness while providing poor people with access to economic opportunities and services. Various components of the transport infrastructure are exposed and vulnerable to climate change. This is of particular concern to countries in Asia and the Pacific which will experience significant adverse impacts from a changing climate. The Asian Development Bank has put in place a systematic framework guiding the conduct of climate risk and vulnerability assessments of investment projects. Ongoing initiatives will address some of the key challenges encountered when conducting climate risk and vulnerability assessments, including access to readily available climate change information. |
| Keywords: | climate change; adaptation; climate technology |
| Date: | 2014–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt146741-2&r=ppm |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); Asian Development Bank (ADB) |
| Abstract: | Asia and the Pacific region is expected to be hit hard by the impacts of climate change. Developing member countries (DMCs) of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) are among the most vulnerable, with seven of the top ten vulnerable countries being in the region. Scaling-up of mitigation and adaptation efforts are among ADB’s mid-term priorities for 2020. ADB is reaffirming its commitment to invest $2 billion annually in clean energy. ADB also aims for $30 billion more for sustainable transport by 2021. Enhancing focus on adaptation, the linkage between disaster risk management and adaptation, and climate financing are also priority action areas for ADB’s assistance to DMCs. This publication seeks to address these concerns by showcasing a number of useful technologies that can be used to address the impact of climate change across six sectors: agriculture, coastal resources, human health, transportation, water resources, and disaster risk management. The solutions presented may serve to demystify the technologies surrounding adaptation options. |
| Keywords: | climate change; adaptation; climate technology; vulnerability |
| Date: | 2014–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt146982-3&r=ppm |