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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Vincent Mangematin (MTS - Management Technologique et Strategique - Grenoble École de Management (GEM)); Paul O'reilly (College of Business - Dublin Institute of Technology); James Cunningham (Whitaker Institute for Innovation and Societal Change - J.E. Cairnes School of Business and Economic) |
| Abstract: | The research program organization has been generalized to implement research policies in OECD countries. Principal investigators are the linchpin of the program based organization as they are developing research project to fit within programs. However, principal investigators are not only project managers but they also enact their environment, shape organization, heterogenous networks, research avenues, research communities and transepistemic arenas. Principal investigators are not only researchers they are also boundary spanners amongst academic and private sectors and amongst subfields and disciplines. Principal investigators, especially serial Principal investigators act as scientific entrepreneurs who enact their environment. It questions the relationship between Principal investigators and their organization. It also questions the efficiency and effectiveness of program based research policy. |
| Keywords: | Scientific entrepreneurs. Principal investigators. enactment. research avenues |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00794938&r=ppm |
| By: | G. Parmentier (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - CNRS : UMR5820 - Université Pierre-Mendès-France - Grenoble II); Vincent Mangematin (MTS - Management Technologique et Strategique - Grenoble École de Management (GEM)) |
| Abstract: | The digital creative industries exemplify innovation processes in which user communities are highly involved in product and service development, bringing new ideas, and developing tools for new product uses and environments. We explore the role of user communities in such co-innovation processes via four case studies of interrelations between firms and their communities. The digitization and virtualization of firm/community interactions are changing how boundaries are defined and how co-innovation is managed. The transformation of innovation management is characterized by three elements: opening and redefining firm boundaries; opening of products and services to community input and reducing property rights; and reshaping organization and product identities. Innovation in collaboration with user communities requires firms to orchestrate their communities and their inter-relationships to encourage the creativity and motivation of users, and develop the community's innovatory capacity. |
| Keywords: | Online communities; User; Innovation; Video game; Community management; Co-innovation |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00848861&r=ppm |
| By: | Moss, Jonathan; Cacho, Oscar |
| Abstract: | Carbon mitigation through land-use change and forestry has received considerable attention as a low-cost method of addressing climate change. However, spatial and productive heterogeneity is often lost in broader scale analyses frequently used to inform climate mitigation policy. Most research to date does not integrate these analyses with transaction costs; often a significant barrier to implementation. This paper demonstrates a technique for assessing project feasibility while considering both transaction costs and spatial heterogeneity. Ignoring farm heterogeneity was found to significantly overestimate both the market price of carbon and quantity of carbon sequestration required before projects become feasible. |
| Keywords: | carbon markets, transaction costs, project feasibility, Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Environmental Economics and Policy, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:nzar14:187402&r=ppm |
| By: | Asian Development Bank (ADB); (Regional and Sustainable Development Department, ADB); ; |
| Abstract: | This publication showcases a compilation of project briefs culled from case studies of good practices, new approaches, and working models on sanitation and wastewater management from di erent countries. The project briefs demonstrate solution options from which useful lessons can be derived. Not only do they illustrate how sanitation and wastewater management challenges can be addressed, the project briefs also aim to inspire replication and show opportunities for actions and investments. Given the more complex water resource and health challenges in many parts of the world, it is time to engage in a rational analysis of all possible management strategies, learn from others’ experiences, apply innovative approaches, and tap potential markets. |
| Keywords: | sanitation services; Wastewater management; sanitation; toilet; wastewater; septage; ecosan; ecological sanitation; decentralized wastewater treatment; anaerobic baffled reactor; contructed wetland; small bore sewerage; simplified sewerage; biogas digester; water stabilization pond; duck weed; microfinancing; carbon credits; user fee; performance-based contract; public-private partnership; membranes; membrane bioreactor; on-site sanitatio'; toilet block; eco tanks; ikotanks; DEWATS; ABR; reed bed; reuse; nutrient recovery; biogas; recycling; pisciculture; eco lagoon; environmental sanitation; innovative financing; innovative technology; pollution reduction; reverse osmosis; microfiltration; ultrafiltration; biomass |
| Date: | 2014–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:asd:wpaper:rpt146362-2&r=ppm |
| By: | Fritz, Livia; Raza, Werner |
| Abstract: | With tied aid credits donors aim at boosting the international competitiveness of domestic enterprises while simultaneously contributing to development in recipient countries. Though regulated through the Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits, tied aid credits claim a place amongst the instruments of development policy and are eligible as Official Development Assistance (ODA). This begs the question whether the international regulatory framework is equipped to safeguard the presumed development goals. This paper examines the consistency of the tied aid disciplines of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) with the development principles coined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Thereby, the extent to which the OECD lives up to its own promise of Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) is scrutinised. |
| Keywords: | policy coherence for development,tied aid,export promotion,OECD/DAC |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:oefsew:49&r=ppm |
| By: | Felipe Balmaceda (Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies optimal task assignments in a risk neutral principal-agent model in which agents are compensated according to an aggregated performance measure. The main trade-off involved is one in which specialization allows the implementation of any possible effort profile, while multitasking constraint the set of implementable effort profiles. Yet, the implementation of any effort profile in this set is less expensive than that under specialization. The principal prefers multitasking to specialization except when tasks are complements and the output after success is small enough so that it is not second-best optimal to implement high effort in each task. This result is robust to several extensions such as the existence of multiple performance measures. |
| Date: | 2014–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ptl:wpaper:54&r=ppm |
| By: | Hagen, Rune Jansen (Department of Economics, University of Bergen) |
| Abstract: | Empirical studies suggest little impact of foreign aid on growth on average. As aid can be viewed as a sovereign rent akin to natural resource rents, it is likely that rent seeking plays a role in explaining this disappointing outcome. The analytic starting point of this paper is the long chain of agents connecting donors in rich countries with beneficiaries in poor countries, making aid a contestable rent for recipients at both the international and the domestic levels. Thus, rent seeking can distract attention and divert resources from more important sources of long-term progress. Moreover, there are serious incentive problems on the donor side of the relationship. Empirically, the effects seem quite heterogeneous and hence more research is needed to further our understanding of this complex system. |
| Keywords: | Aid effectiveness; Donor motives; Rent seeking; Governance; Resource diversion; Development distraction; Non-government organizations; Aid organizations; World Bank |
| JEL: | F35 |
| Date: | 2014–11–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:bergec:2014_007&r=ppm |
| By: | Mark van Duijn (VU University Amsterdam, and University of Groningen, the Netherlands); Jan Rouwendal (VU University Amsterdam, the Netherlands); Richard Boersema (Colliers International, Amsterdam) |
| Abstract: | Local policy makers seek ways to deal with abandoned industrial heritage in their jurisdictions. Much is demolished, but in some cases considerable investments are made to preserve the cultural aspects of industrial sites. The renewal plans are usually designed to stimulate urban renewal in the vicinity of these sites. Little seems to be known about the effectiveness of these policies and in this paper, we study whether the redevelopment of five industrial heritage sites caused positive external effects by investigating the development of house prices in nearby residential areas. We use a quasi‐experimental design by comparing quality‐adjusted house prices before the start, between the start and the completion and after the completion of the transformation. We find substantial effects of one site, which is the best-known example of renovated industrial heritage i n the Netherlands, but much smaller or no effects for the other sites. We also model the decay of these effects over time and space. We find different decay effects for each case. We conclude that industrial heritage sites do not necessarily cause negative external effects. If there are negative external effects present they disappear at the start of the transformation of the industrial heritage site, suggesting anticipation effects. Also, positive external effects on house prices after the redevelopment of industrial heritage are not necessarily present. The details of the transformation project (e.g. location, size of the site, size of the investment, focus on interior or exterior investments) seem to be important determinants that may cause the existence of positive external effects. |
| Keywords: | Industrial heritage, redevelopment, urban revitalization, external effects, hedonic prices |
| JEL: | C21 D62 H43 R0 |
| Date: | 2014–09–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dgr:uvatin:20140122&r=ppm |
| By: | Kurkalova, Lyubov |
| Abstract: | This article presents analysis and synthesis of findings concerning the problem of cost-effective placement of best management practices (BMPs) emerging from NIFA CEAP and the USDA NRCS jointly-funded competitive grant projects, and future research needs. The synthesis focuses on two fundamental aspects of the cost-effectiveness problem: (1) how to assess the location- and farmer-specific costs of BMP implementation, and (2) how to decide on which BMPs need to be implemented and where within a given watershed so that a given water quality goal is achieved with the lowest possible policy outlay or a given conservation policy budget results in the best possible water quality improvement. We find that data availability remains a significant limiting factor for capturing within-watershed variability in the costs. Evolutionary algorithms have shown to provide workable ways to identify cost-effective BMP placement even for large, diverse watersheds and large numbers of potential BMPs. Future research needs include furthering the investigation, both conceptually and empirically, of the impact of the uncertainty in the BMP costs and water quality improvement benefits within the cost-effectiveness problem, and the development of the models that could consistently integrate the estimates of BMP cost components developed using alternative modeling approaches and/or attained under alternative economic conditions and for alternative geographic regions. |
| Keywords: | BMPs, Watershed management, Water quality economics, Optimization, Cost-effective BMP placement, Costs of BMPs, Environmental Economics and Policy, Land Economics/Use, Q25, Q52, |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:aaea14:169768&r=ppm |