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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Mouna JEGHAM; Jean-Michel SAHUT |
| Abstract: | The implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) project constitutes a major change for any organization, the actual implementation appears to be very heavily biased toward the technological aspects while paying little attention to man |
| Date: | 2014–06–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipg:wpaper:2014-356&r=ppm |
| By: | Lubica Hikkerova; Jean-Louis Paré; Jean Rédis; Guillaume Marceau |
| Abstract: | In this article, we propose a method to evaluate enterprise creation projects based on the study of profiles of entrepreneurs and project teams, as well as external factors. This method is based on the theories of human capital and social capital, notabl |
| Keywords: | human capital, social capital, entrepreneur, entrepreneurship, start-up, performance, |
| Date: | 2014–06–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipg:wpaper:2014-363&r=ppm |
| By: | Pelkonen, Antti – Thomas |
| Abstract: | While societal expectations for university research have grown, university research has become more and more dependent on external funding sources. External funding has substantially increased at Finnish – and also UK – universities, and currently in practice a major share of university research is conducted with external funding. This report relates the main findings of a study that analysed the use of project-based research funding instruments at universities, most of which are external. The main focus in the study is on the aspects of novelty and creativity in research and the question of the extent to which different research funding instruments promote these aspects of research. This report draws on different data sources, but mostly on the UNI project (Universities, funding systems, and the renewal of the industrial knowledge base), funded by Tekes innovation research instrument. The major findings include an observation that Finnish research funding system lacks a funder that would strongly encourage risk-taking and novel approaches. Discontinuity and instability of research funding appears as a major challenge for research. There seems to be an overall increase of thematically predefined funding vis-à-vis free researcher-driven funding and close attention should be paid to this balance. Differences between Finland and the UK in terms of novelty generation turned out to be smaller than orignally expected. |
| Keywords: | funding, university research, novelty |
| JEL: | O38 O39 |
| Date: | 2014–06–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:report:29&r=ppm |
| By: | Röder, Norbert; Osterburg, Bernhard; Liebersbach, Horst; Bormann, Kristin |
| Abstract: | Die vorliegende Studie baut auf den im Dezember 2013 veröffentlichen Basisrechtsakten zur künftigen Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) der EU auf und nimmt die möglichen Auswirkungen dieses Politikpaketes auf den Moorschutz in den Blick. Einführend werden dazu die Ziele des Natur- und Klimaschutzes auf Moorböden kurz dargestellt. In Kapitel 3 werden die relevanten Elemente der künftigen GAP beschrieben. Kapitel 4 geht auf drei andere Finanzquellen für Moorschutzmaßnahmen ein, das Programm für Umwelt- und Klimapolitik (LIFE), den Europäischen Fonds für regionale Entwicklung (EFRE) und den Waldklimafonds. In Kapitel 5 werden Maßnahmenoptionen für den Schutz und einer standortangepassteren Nutzung organischer Böden vorgestellt. Kapitel 6 beschreibt Konflikte zwischen den verschiedenen Förderzielen der GAP bzw. von Schutzzielen des Naturschutzes, die bei der Umsetzung von Moorschutzmaßnahmen zu berücksichtigen sind. Kapitel 7 beleuchtet den Einfluss anderer Politikfelder auf die Chancen zur Umsetzung von Moorschutzprogrammen. Daran schließen Empfehlungen zur besseren Berücksichtigung von Aspekten des Moorschutzes bei der Ausgestaltung und Umsetzung der GAP in Deutschland an. Dem 'schnellen Leser' wird die Lektüre der Kapitel 5 und 8 empfohlen. Im Zusammenhang mit der GAP-Reformdebatte hat das Thünen-Institut verschiedene Publikationen und Stellungnahmen vorgelegt, auf die in dieser Stellungnahme aufgebaut wird und auf die daher verwiesen wird (vgl. die in der Einleitung, Kapitel 1, genannten Quellen). -- This working paper is based on the reform debate on the future Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the EU and the legal acts published in December 2013. The focus is on the impact of this policy package on the protection of peatland. First, we briefly present the climate policy and na-ture conservation targets with relevance for the protection of peatlands. In Chapter 3, we briefly describe the relevant elements of the future CAP. In Chapter 4, we analyse the potential of three other funding sources for the implementation of peatland conservation projects. These are the European LIFE program, the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and the national forest climate fund. In Chapter 5 we present different measures for a sustainable use of organic soils. In Chapter 6 we briefly highlight the potential conflicts between different objectives within CAP and nature conservation and those which should be kept in mind when implementing a peatland con-servation project. Chapter 7 highlights the importance of some other policy issues (non-CAP, non-funding related) for the chances to successfully implement peatland protection programs. Finally, we give recommendations for a better integration of peatland protection in the design and im-plementation of the CAP in Germany. For 'quick readers', the reading of Chapters 5 and 8 is rec-ommended. In the context of the CAP reform, the Thünen-Institute has published different posi-tion and working papers, upon which this paper builds (see the references listed in Chapter 1). |
| Keywords: | Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik,EU,Klimaschutz,Naturschutz,Moore,Common Agricultural Policy,EU,climate protection,nature conservation,peatland |
| JEL: | Q18 Q24 Q54 Q57 Q58 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:jhtiwp:24&r=ppm |
| By: | Tiwari, Rajnish; Kalogerakis, Katharina; Herstatt, Cornelius |
| Abstract: | Frugal products and services aim at satisfying the unsaturated demand of a large and growing middle class in many emerging economies. Although research has been conducted in regard to the strategic importance of frugal innovations, so far, the actual development process of such innovations has not been looked into in detail. Some examples show that inventive analogies are used to develop frugal innovations. For instance, the development of a frugal artificial heart was based on the heart structure of cockroaches, which led to a reduction of costs by 20 times. The aim of this paper is to examine the use of inventive analogies in creating frugal solutions and their impact on project results. Based on three explorative case studies from India, the authors generate preliminary evidence that analogies can make a significant impact on the successful development of innovations in environments that are characterized by severe resource constraints and high price-sensitivity. Furthermore, the inherent aim of frugal innovations to create radically new solutions with very restricted resources seems to stimulate the application of inventive analogies. The results point to some valuable learnings in regard to an effective employment of analogies. Besides, useful insights for companies that want to exploit market opportunities in the emerging economies are generated. -- |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:tuhtim:84&r=ppm |
| By: | Iana Paliova; Tonny Lybek |
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on EU structural and cohesion funds assistance to Bulgaria during the 2007–13 program period. Initial weaknesses resulted in a low absorption rate, which was mitigated by increasing advance payments; applying electronic application and reporting procedures; simplifying and unifying tender processes; and strengthening the role of international financial institutions and banks in project preparation, evaluation and monitoring. The possible impact on growth and potential output is briefly discussed, while the risks of improper absorption are acknowledged. Valuable lessons have been learned, but it is recommended that additional steps be taken for the next program period 2014–20. |
| Keywords: | Financial assistance;Bulgaria;Absorptive capacity;Public investment;Government expenditures;European Union;Bulgaria, EU structural and cohesion funds, and potential growth. |
| Date: | 2014–02–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfwpa:14/21&r=ppm |
| By: | Gabor Hunya (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw) |
| Abstract: | Summary The paper compares three countries (Hungary, Poland and Romania) in terms of the number of greenfield FDI projects and of GDP by NUTS-2 sub-country regions. We discuss whether the particular regions received a smaller or larger share of projects than their share in GDP. Then we outline the regional and investment policy tools applied in each of the countries, looking at their possible impact on the location choice of investors. The investigation reveals significant regional gaps in attracting new FDI projects and a dominance of the capital cities. Regional discrepancies between NUTS-2 regions in terms of per capita GDP have become marginally smaller in recent years but were mainly unrelated to the location of new foreign investments. State aid for large investments, industrial parks and special economic zones has been among the most powerful tools directing the location choice of new FDI projects. |
| Keywords: | FDI, industrial location, regional policy, FDI policy |
| JEL: | F21 F23 R30 R38 R58 |
| Date: | 2014–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wii:rpaper:rr:393&r=ppm |
| By: | Weerakoon, Dushni (Asian Development Bank Institute); Perera, Nipuni (Asian Development Bank Institute) |
| Abstract: | Improving physical connectivity between South and Southeast Asia has long been recognized as a key element in promoting greater trade and investment linkages within the region. As an island economy, Sri Lanka's regional connectivity has been mainly through its main sea port in Colombo, a transshipment hub port for South Asia. Investments to expand capacity at Colombo port are underway as part of Sri Lanka's renewed efforts to develop its infrastructure following the long internal separatist conflict that ended in 2009. Despite significant improvements in physical infrastructure connectivity, Sri Lanka has made only limited headway in strengthening its trade and investment links with the rest of the region. Moreover, the country has seen a sharp decline in its overall exports-to-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio, which is worrying in view of the growing external debt financing of many large infrastructure projects through state-led investment initiatives. Thus, Sri Lanka needs to focus on two priority areas: engaging private investment in infrastructure by strengthening the country's institutional and regulatory environment; and implementing a more strategic trade policy geared to enhance regional integration efforts. |
| Keywords: | connecting south asia and southeast; sri lankan economy; infrastructure; energy trade; regional trade flows; trade and transport administration |
| JEL: | F15 |
| Date: | 2014–07–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:adbiwp:0487&r=ppm |
| By: | Anastasia Cozarenco; Ariane Szafarz |
| Abstract: | In most developed countries, regulators have imposed loan ceilings to subsidized microfinance institutions (MFIs). Micro-entrepreneurs in need of above-ceiling loans are left with the co-financing option, which means securing the aboveceiling share of the loan with a regular bank, and getting a ceiling-high loan from the MFI. Co-financing is attractive to MFIs because it allows them to free-ride on the regular banks' screening process. Therefore, loan ceilings can have the perverse effect of facilitating the co-financing of large projects at the expense of micro-entrepreneurs who need below-ceiling loans only. This is the gist of our theoretical model. We test the predictions of this model by exploiting the natural experiment of a French MFI that became subject to the French EUR 10,000 loan ceiling in April 2009. Difference-in-differences probit estimations confirm that imposing loan ceilings to MFIs can have unexpected and socially harmful consequences. |
| Keywords: | Microcredit; regulation; developed countries; loan size; natural experiment |
| JEL: | G21 L51 G28 O52 L31 I38 C25 M13 |
| Date: | 2014–07–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sol:wpaper:2013/172183&r=ppm |