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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Bodas Freitas , Isabel Maria; Geuna, Aldo; Lawson, Cornelia; Rossi, Federica (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | We investigate under what circumstances firms (industry inventors) are more likely to engage in interactions where governance of the relationship is shared between the firm and the university, as opposed to interactions where the relationship is governed unilaterally by the firm. Using PIEMINV, an original dataset of European industry patents in the Italian region of Piedmont, we analyse the characteristics of inventors with diverse experience in projects involving interactions with universities, governed by institutional contracts or personal contracts. Our results suggest that reliance among inventors of the two forms of governance is almost equal, and that unilateral governance forms are preferred when there are high levels of trust among the parties based on embeddedness in local social and education networks. This is likely because it involves less cumbersome and more direct interactions. We find also that knowledge characteristics are not particularly important discriminants of the choice between governance forms: the advantage of shared governance seems to reside mainly in the possibility to mitigate monitoring and asymmetric information problems in contexts of relatively low levels of mutual knowledge and trust. |
| Date: | 2014–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:dipeco:201402&r=ppm |
| By: | Mário José Barbosa Cerqueira Junior |
| Abstract: | O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar as necessidades e as possibilidades de fomento às firmas de engenharia de projeto brasileiras, mais especificamente aquelas voltadas para a indústria naval, e também oferecer um diagnóstico capaz de orientar a formulação, a implementação e a avaliação de políticas de apoio que fortaleçam este segmento de serviços. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados envolveram basicamente revisão bibliográfica e entrevistas com atores-chave de entidades ligadas à engenharia naval no Brasil. Buscou-se caracterizar os principais tipos de projetos de engenharia naval; avaliar o nível de capacitação das principais consultorias de engenharia de projetos navais no Brasil; analisar o nível de exigência técnica dos principais contratantes de projetos de engenharia naval no Brasil; e examinar as principais recomendações técnicas para os projetos de engenharia por parte das empresas de construção naval, da Marinha e de institutos de ciência e tecnologia (ICTs). Pôde-se constatar que a engenharia consultiva de projetos navais no Brasil tem grandes oportunidades para se desenvolver, uma vez que há amplo mercado em potencial. Foram apresentadas algumas proposições para reforçar o desenvolvimento e a competitividade do setor de engenharia consultiva de projetos navais no Brasil, o qual tem boa capacitação, mas não é devidamente aproveitado para projetos básicos. As questões tecnológicas e as sinergias com produtores de equipamentos locais também poderiam ser potencializadas, contribuindo fortemente para o desenvolvimento e o aprimoramento da cadeia nacional de navipeças. This study is to assess the needs and possibilities of fostering the engineering design firms in Brazil, more specifically those targeting the naval industry projects, and also offer a diagnosis to guide the formulation, implementation and evaluation of policy support to strengthen this segment of services. The methodological procedures that were adopted primarily involved literature review and interviews with key affiliates of marine engineering design in Brazil, where we seek: to characterize the main types of marine engineering projects, assess the level of training of the leading consulting engineering naval projects in Brazil, analyze the level of technical requirement of the prime contractors of marine engineering projects in Brazil, and examine key technical recommendations for engineering projects by shipbuilders, Navy and ICTs, where it can be seen that the naval engineering consulting companies in Brazil have several opportunities to develop, since there is large market potential. Finally some propositions were presented to enhance the development and competitiveness of the sector of consulting engineering of naval projects in Brazil, which has good training but it is not fully exploited for basic designs, where issues and technological synergies with local producers of equipment could be potentiated, contributing greatly to the development and improvement of the national supply chain of ship parts. |
| Date: | 2014–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1929&r=ppm |
| By: | Ronelle Burger; Indraneel Dasgupta; Trudy Owens |
| Abstract: | We examine the case for donors providing financial incentives to NGOs to increase community participation. We show that, when such incentives are provided, there need not exist any meaningful relationship between beneficiary welfare and the extent of community participation implemented by an NGO. Higher community participation is consistent even with reduced beneficiary welfare. Thus, eliminating community participation from the set of conditions for funding an NGO may improve beneficiary welfare. We provide evidence from the NGO sector in Uganda consistent with our theoretical conclusions. Beneficiaries themselves do not appear to perceive community participation as generating appreciable value-addition in project output. |
| Keywords: | Regulation of non-governmental organizations, developing countries, community participation, Uganda |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:not:notcre:14/01&r=ppm |
| By: | Colombo, Massimo G. (Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano); Cumming, Douglas (Schulich School of Business, York University); Mohammadi, Ali (CESIS - Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies, Royal Institute of Technology); Rossi-Lamastra , Cristina (Department of Management, Economics and Industrial Engineering, Politecnico di Milano); Wadhwa , Anu (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Management of Technology and Entrepreneurship Institute (MTEI)) |
| Abstract: | Do entrepreneurial ventures that adopt an open business model obtain VC finance from higher quality VC investors in comparison with entrepreneurial ventures that adopt a closed business model? Are VC investments in open business model ventures are more likely to be syndicated and more frequently staged? In this paper we consider these questions on a sample of 6,555 VC investments in 514 software entrepreneurial ventures that received the first round of VC finance in the period 1994-2008. Of these ventures, 124 adopted an open business model based on open source software (OSS) and the remaining ventures adopted a closed business model based on the development and sale of proprietary software. Our findings indicate that OSS entrepreneurial ventures received funding from higher quality VC investors, with VC quality being measured by general experience, industry-specialization, IPO success, raised capital and connectedness in syndication network. Also, VC investments in OSS entrepreneurial ventures were more frequently staged. Conversely, we do not find any difference between OSS and proprietary software entrepreneurial ventures as number of VC participated in syndication. |
| Keywords: | Open Business Model; Entrepreneurial Venture; Open Source Software; Venture Capital; Uncertainty |
| JEL: | G24 L17 O31 |
| Date: | 2014–03–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0347&r=ppm |