|
on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Andreas Haufler (University of Munich and CESifo); Pehr-Johan Norbaeck (Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm); Lars Persson (Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm and CEPR) |
| Abstract: | Many governments promote small businesses for the dual reasons of fostering `break-through' innovations and employment growth. In this paper we study the effects of tax and subsidy policies on entrepreneurs' choice of riskiness of an innovation project and on their mode of commercializing the innovation (market entry versus sale). Limited loss offset provisions in the tax system induce entrepreneurs to choose projects with too little risk and this problem arises primarily when entrepreneurs market their product themselves. When innovations reduce only the fixed costs of production this leads to a fundamental policy trade-off between the declared goals of promoting employment and innovation in small, entrepreneurial firms. When innovations reduce variable production costs, policies to promote small businesses may even be unambiguously harmful. |
| JEL: | H25 L13 M13 O31 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:btx:wpaper:1122&r=ppm |
| By: | Kis, Gergely |
| Abstract: | In an effort to promote the information society, the Hungarian government adopted a number of strategic concepts and action plans, which formed the basis of many calls for proposals to be funded by the government and the European Union alike to achieve the institutional vision. In this article the author analyze in evaluating the government's role in Hungarian broadband infrastructure development programs so far. As a supposal in the course of the five government-funded infrastructure development programs implemented in Hungary by 2009, economic policymakers relegated community-based or community-owned digital telecommunication infrastructure to a heavily limited, stopgap role in terms of impact and extent. The basis of the investigation consisted of the RFPs for all of the five programs, as well as the data series showing the results of the projects already completed or yet to be finished under them. By analyzing them, it was possible to investigate the hypothesis. -- |
| Keywords: | broadband,government-funded infrastructure,development programs |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itse11:52205&r=ppm |
| By: | Yamakata, Daisuke; Nogawa, Hiroki; Ueda, Masashi |
| Abstract: | In this study, we focused on analysis of healthcare data exchange over the network. For the advance of broadband capability development, many governments expect online medical information exchange between medical institutions. Japanese government also has tried to deploy ICT in the healthcare field. In Japan, many healthcare ICT projects started, but almost of all the projects face many issues and failed to continue. This situation caused us to clarify the success factor of healthcare information exchange network. For inspecting the success factors, we analyzed information access of healthcare systems in Kagawa prefecture of Japan. Kagawa prefecture is one of the most advance areas for healthcare information technology. We analyzed four medical ICT projects in Kagawa prefecture: K-MIX, Critical Pathway for Diabetes, E-prescription, and PHR. In addition, we inspected characteristics of exchanged data in the network, and stakeholder involved in these projects. This analysis lets us find various types of healthcare ICT projects. Characteristic of data processed in the projects caused differences of characteristic of the projects. On the other hand, multiple systems process same data, though the project does not share the data itself. Considering various types of medical information exchanges projects, we propose classification and standard format of exchanged data according to their characteristic are critical for efficient business deployment. -- |
| Keywords: | e-Health,regional healthcare information exchange,EHR |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itsp11:52314&r=ppm |
| By: | Elizabeth Holcombe; Sarah Smith; Malcolm Anderson; Edmund Wright |
| Abstract: | Despite the recognition of the need for mitigation approaches to landslide risk in developing countries, the delivery of ‘on-the-ground’ measures is rarely undertaken. With respect to other ‘natural’ hazards it is widely reported that mitigation can pay. However, the lack of such an evidence-base in relation to landslides in developing countries hinders advocacy amongst decision makers for expenditure on ex-ante measures. This research addresses these limitations directly by developing and applying an integrated risk assessment and cost-benefit analysis of physical landslide mitigation measures implemented in an unplanned community in the Eastern Caribbean. In order to quantify the level of landslide risk reduction achieved, landslide hazard and vulnerability were modelled (before and after the intervention) and project costs, direct and indirect benefits were monetised. It is shown that the probability of landslide occurrence has been substantially reduced by implementing surface-water drainage measures, and that the benefits of the project outweigh the costs by a ratio of 2.7 to 1. This paper adds to the evidence base that ‘mitigation pays’ with respect to landslide risk in the most vulnerable communities – thus strengthening the argument for ex-ante measures. This integrated project evaluation methodology should be suitable for adoption as part of the community-based landslide mitigation project cycle, and it is hoped that this resource, and the results of this study, will stimulate further such programmes. |
| Keywords: | Landslide modelling, Risk assessment, Cost Benefit Analysis, Developing countries, Community |
| JEL: | D61 Q54 Q58 |
| Date: | 2011–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bri:cmpowp:11/270&r=ppm |
| By: | Li, Grace |
| Abstract: | Against a current trend of investing in the next generation networks (NGNs) by using public funds, the Australian government has recently initiated a so-called National Broadband Networks (NBN) project to invest up to AUD$36 billion tax payer's money on building a national wide fibre broadband network aiming to cover 93 per cent Australian by 2020. As being the most costly infrastructure-building project in Australian history, the NBN project will use a public-private-partnership as the instrument to deliver super-fast broadband services, create jobs and promote the country's economy at large. This article will critically analyse the NBN project in Australia and highlight the challenges that are coming alone at this early stage of the deployment, so the Australia's experience of pubic investment in broadband networks can be shared and lessons can be learned. -- |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:itsp11:52344&r=ppm |
| By: | Portier-Maynard, Anne |
| Abstract: | L'Agence Nationale de la Recherche française est une agence de financement de la recherche sur projets, instrument d'une politique publique de recherche résolument incitative. Dans un contexte de rationalisation des dépenses publiques, cette agence participe à l'efficacité des efforts de recherche et pour ce faire, son principal outil correspond au programme de recherche thématique. L'étude de l'élaboration de cet outil, tant du point de vue de la stratégie dont il est porteur que de celui de la conception de l'objet, est fondée sur une analyse selon quatre angles de vue: les acteurs de la conception et les jeux mis en œuvre au cours du processus, la mobilisation des concepts, la création de savoirs collectifs et enfin, le rapport de prescription imprimé dans les textes d'appels à propositions et perçus par les équipes. Ce travail nous conduit à caractériser le processus d’élaboration du programme de recherche selon les modèles industriels de conception et selon la fabrique de la stratégie, mettant ainsi en évidence les leviers mobilisables pour concevoir des programmes de recherche « innovants ». |
| Abstract: | The French National Research Agency is a public organisation devoted to competitive research projects. This funding agency is part of the incentive public policy dedicated to research. In the current context of rationalization of public funding, this organisation supports the efficiency of the research system thanks to its major tool, the thematic research programme. The study of this tool design, both at the strategy level and at the object level, is based on four approaches: the stakeholders and their actor games, the use of concepts, the creation of collective knowledge and, the prescription printed in the calls for proposals and the one perceived by research teams. This work leads us to characterize the process of programme design regarding to industrial models and to the strategy-as-practice approach. It also highlights leverages that can be mobilized in order to design innovative research programmes. |
| Keywords: | design; strategy-as-practice; knowledge; conception; fabrique de la stratégie; connaissance; concepts; ANR; |
| JEL: | O38 O32 O31 |
| Date: | 2011 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ner:dauphi:urn:hdl:123456789/7674&r=ppm |