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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | L. Calamel (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - CNRS : UMR5820 - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II, MC - Management et Comportement - Grenoble Ecole de Management, UPMF Grenoble II - UNIVERSITE PIERRE MENDES FRANCE - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II); C. Defelix (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - CNRS : UMR5820 - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II, UPMF Grenoble II - UNIVERSITE PIERRE MENDES FRANCE - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II, IAE GRENOBLE - IAE de Grenoble); T. Picq (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - CNRS : UMR5820 - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II, Euristik - Equipe de Recherche en management stratégique - Centre de recherche Magellan de l'IAE - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III); D. Retour (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - CNRS : UMR5820 - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II) |
| Abstract: | Having received considerable attention from central government and local authorities, French innovation clusters (the so-called ‘pôles de compétitivité') are beginning to be studied by academic researchers and evaluated by consultants. The core of their activity consists of collaborative projects, which are characterised by specific management and HR practices located at the junction of different cultures and employment statuses. Almost four years after they were launched, what can we say about the dynamic of these collaborative projects? What is the reality of such collaboration when it involves multiple partnerships bringing together employees from different occupational cultures and HRM systems? The aim of this longitudinal research, which is based on observation of two collaborative projects in one of the most largest clusters in France,is to discuss management and HR issues in such a setting. A literature review highlights the need to open up the ‘black box' of collaboration within projects and encourages examination of both manager's coordination efforts and the actors' motivation to cooperate, as well as the role played by HRM practices. Thus observation of the conduct of the projects over two years reveals that collaboration, far from being a given within these projects, is the product of a process of social construction that might be fostered by better managerial support. |
| Keywords: | innovation cluster ; collaborative project ; coordination ; cooperation ; learning ; competences |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00534712_v1&r=ppm |
| By: | Jean Guillaume Forand (W. Allen Wallis Institute, University of Rochester) |
| Abstract: | In standard models of experimentation, the costs of project development consist of (i) the direct cost of running trials as well as (ii) the implicit opportunity cost of leaving alternative projects idle. Another natural type of experimentation cost, the cost of holding on to the option of developing a currently inactive project, has not been studied. In a (multi-armed bandit) model of experimentation in which inactive projects have explicit maintenance costs and can be irreversibly discarded, I fully characterise the optimal experimentation policy and show that the decision-maker’s incentive to actively manage its options has important implications for the order of project development. In the model, an experimenter searches for a success among a number of projects by choosing both those to develop now and those to maintain for (potential) future development. In the absence of maintenance costs, the optimal experimentation policy has a ‘stay-with-the-winner’ property: the projects that are more likely to succeed are developed first. Maintenance costs provide incentives to bring the option value of less promising projects forward, and under the optimal experimentation policy, projects that are less likely to succeed are sometimes developed first. A project development strategy of ‘going-with-the-loser’ strikes a balance between the cost of discarding possibly valuable options and the cost of leaving them open. |
| Date: | 2010–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:roc:rocher:557&r=ppm |
| By: | Bérard, Céline |
| Abstract: | The main objective of this paper is to study existing methodological frameworks on group modelling projects using system dynamics. Such projects are more and more applied in organizations in order to support their strategic decisions. In this research, key frameworks were first identified and then classified allowing for an in‑depth analysis. The results of this analysis indicate that existing frameworks proposing a global vision of projects are scarce. Moreover, few of them consider both aspects of structure and process simultaneously. In addition, three crucial issues are highlighted: the elicitation of participants knowledge, the establishment of a consensus among participants, and the aspects of facilitation. |
| Keywords: | System dynamics; group model building; modelling process; methodological frameworks; systematic analysis; |
| JEL: | L19 |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ner:dauphi:urn:hdl:123456789/5035&r=ppm |
| By: | R. Calvi (CERAG - Centre d'études et de recherches appliquées à la gestion - CNRS : UMR5820 - Université Pierre Mendès-France - Grenoble II); M.A. Le Dain (G-SCOP - Laboratoire des sciences pour la conception, l'optimisation et la production - CNRS : UMR5272 - Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble - INPG - Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble I); T.C. Fendt (University of Technology Berlin - Institute of Technology and Management); C.J. Herrmann (Grenoble Institute of Technology - School of Industrial Engineering) |
| Abstract: | This article describes the application of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to the supplier selection decision for the strategic development of lean suppliers at a large German industrial company. In a literature survey and from explorative interviews, relevant criteria including supplier improvement potential through buyer involvement, strategic factors of the supplier development program as well as project success factors in supplier development were elaborated. Subsequently a decision model based on the analytic hierarchy process was developed and applied to the supplier selection. All steps of the model development are described in detail and the application of the model is illustrated |
| Keywords: | Supplier Selection ; Supplier Development ; Analytic Hierarchy Process |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00534830_v1&r=ppm |
| By: | Tom Broekel (Department of Economic Geography, Urban & Regional Research Centre Utrecht (URU), Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University); Holger Graf (School of Economics and Business Administration, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena) |
| Abstract: | Economists pay more and more attention to knowledge networks and drivers of their development. Consequently, a rich literature emerged analyzing factors explaining the emergence of intra-organizational links. Despite substantial work focusing on the dyad level, only little is known about how and why (global) network structures differ between technologies or industries. The study is based on a new data source on subsidized R&D cooperation in Germany, which is presented in detail and discussed with respect to other types of relational data. A comparison of networks within ten technologies allows us to identify systematic differences between basic and applied research networks. |
| Keywords: | R&D subsidies, network, cooperation, Foerderkatalog, Germany |
| JEL: | L14 I28 O38 |
| Date: | 2010–11–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2010-078&r=ppm |
| By: | David Roubaud (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II - Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III - Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) - CNRS : UMR6579); André Lapied (GREQAM - Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille - Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille II - Université Paul Cézanne - Aix-Marseille III - Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS) - CNRS : UMR6579); Robert Kast (LAMETA - Laboratoire Montpellierain d'économie théorique et appliquée - CNRS : UMR5474 - INRA : UR1135 - CIHEAM - Université Montpellier I - Montpellier SupAgro) |
| Abstract: | Real options models characterized by the presence of ambiguity have been recently proposed. But based on recursive multiple-priors approaches to solve ambiguity, these seminal models reduce individual preferences to extreme pessimism by considering only the worst case scenario. In contrast, by relying on dynamically consistent Choquet-Brownian motions to model the dynamics of ambiguous expected cash flows, we show that a much broader spectrum of attitudes towards ambiguity may be accounted for. In the case of a perpetual real option to invest, ambiguity aversion delays the moment of exercise of the option, while the opposite holds true for an ambiguity lover. |
| Keywords: | Real Options; Ambiguity; Irreversible investment; Optimal stopping; Knightian uncertainty; Choquet-Brownian motions |
| Date: | 2010–11–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00534027_v1&r=ppm |