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on Project, Program and Portfolio Management |
| By: | Bøckman, Thor; Fleten, Stein-Erik; Juliussen, Erik; Langhammer, Håvard; Revdal, Ingemar |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a method for assessing small hydropower projects that are subject to uncertain electricity prices. We present a real options-based method with continuous scaling, and we find that there is a unique price limit for initiating the project. If the current electricity price is below this limit it is never optimal to invest, but above this limit investment is made according to the function for optimal size. The connection between the real option and the physical properties of a small hydropower plant is dealt with using a spreadsheet model that performs a technical simulation of the production in a plant, based on all the important choices for such a plant. The main results of the spreadsheet are simulated production size and the investment costs, which are in turn used for finding the value of the real option and the price limit. The method is illustrated on three different Norwegian small hydropower projects. |
| Keywords: | OR in Energy; Real Options; Continuous Scaling; Project Evaluation; Hydropower |
| JEL: | Q25 Q4 G13 |
| Date: | 2006–06–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:2693&r=ppm |
| By: | Ioana Popovici (Department of Economics, Florida International University) |
| Abstract: | Open source (OS) licenses differ in the conditions under which licensors and OS contributors are allowed to modify and redistribute the source code. While recent research has explored the determinants of license choice, we know little about the impact of license choice on project success. In this paper, we measure success by the speed with which programming bugs are fixed. Using data obtained from SourceForge.net, a free service that hosts OS projects, we test whether the license chosen by project leaders influences bug resolution rates. In initial regressions, we find a strong correlation between the hazard of bug resolution and the use of highly restrictive licenses. However, license choices are likely to be endogenous. We instrument license choice using (i) the human language in which contributors operate and (ii) the license choice of the project leaders for a previous project. We then find weak evidence that restrictive licenses adversely affect project success. |
| Keywords: | open source software, property rights, copy-left |
| JEL: | L86 K39 O30 |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fiu:wpaper:0704&r=ppm |
| By: | HUD - PD&R |
| Abstract: | The primary goals of this report were to advance knowledge of best practices in subrecipient performance management and to enhance the capacity of the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program office to help grantees meet their obligations. How do CDBG grantees select and manage the organizations they use as sub-recipients to carry out their program activities? The research identified and studied 11 communities that demonstrated effective sub-recipient management practices. |
| JEL: | O10 |
| Date: | 2005–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hud:wpaper:39062&r=ppm |
| By: | Löfström, Mikael (Studier av organisation och samhälle) |
| Abstract: | "Mobilisering mot narkotika” (MOB) announced 2003 a special project support to municipalities and county councils that in collaboration want to develop models to prevent drug abuse. The municipalities that were included in the project were Botkyrka, Karlstad, Älvsbyn and Örebro. The project emphasized collaboration between all concerned parties in the health care chain. In this study of Botkyrka two measurements has been done and shown that collaboration in the health care chain has been a central theme for Botkyrka. Through MiniMaria and Beroendecentrum has Botkyrka municipality and Stockholm county council a near collaboration in the health care chain around abusers in different age groups. The educational initiative has been extensive and has mainly offered skill development to employees within established work methods. An educational initiative of this scope takes a lot of time in pretensions the wide purchasing and needs to be planned in good time. That indicates that the stem work been implemented well and been a good basis for the educa-tion's planning and implementation. The study shows also that the project in Botkyrka has organized the activity on a way that creates good conditions in order to implement the project's work and results in the activity. The project's activities have been integrated in the regular activities. <p> |
| Keywords: | collaboration; public reform; public management; drug abuse prevention; care and rehabilitation; development project; health-care chain |
| Date: | 2007–04–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhb:gunsos:2007_001&r=ppm |
| By: | Inci, Eren |
| Abstract: | This paper focuses on the pre-establishment period of start-ups in industrial districts. The industrial architecture is what I call a "rationed agglomeration" in which some entrepreneurs gather around an established firm while other entrepreneurs in the same business stand alone. In a rationed agglomeration, I analyze the e¤ects of relations between established firms, network entrepreneurs, and local financiers on the market prices of loans. I show that such relations improve the match of capital to ideas in the network even though the overall distribution of capital to ideas remains unchanged. This suggests that success breeds success in the networks of established firms. The existence of networks overturns the claim that there are no motives to engage in information gathering in a simple market regime with information asymmetries. In particular, I show that there are market incentives for established firms to decrease the information gap between network entrepreneurs and local financiers. |
| Keywords: | agglomeration, entrepreneur, dispersion, innovation, local financiers, networks, regional economies, project financing, signaling, start-up |
| JEL: | D82 G20 L26 R12 |
| Date: | 2006 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:5465&r=ppm |
| By: | Alain Bonnafous (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - [CNRS : UMR5593] - [Université Lumière - Lyon II] - [Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat]); Yves Crozet (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - [CNRS : UMR5593] - [Université Lumière - Lyon II] - [Ecole Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'Etat]) |
| Abstract: | Les résultats commerciaux et financiers décevants du TGV Nord, associés à une crise générale du transport ferroviaire en France au début des années 90, ont conduit à remettre en cause l'ensemble des projets de lignes à grande vitesse. Ces derniers ont été réexaminés par le rapport Rouvillois, qui a conclu à la quasi impossibilité de réaliser de nouvelles lignes TGV sans un soutien direct, et parfois massif, des fonds publics. Les lignes les plus rentables étant déjà construites, le seul financement privé ne peut suffire pour développer des lignes nouvelles. Cela ne signifie pas que tous les projets doivent être abandonnés puisque certains conservent une bonne rentabilité financière, et même une très bonne rentabilité socio-économique. La grande vitesse ferroviaire a donc un avenir, mais il est important de ne pas pénaliser le système TGV en donnant la priorité aux projets les moins rentables. Et il faut aussi éviter que les relations entre l'exploitant et le propriétaire de l'infrastructure apparaissent comme un jeu à somme nulle. |
| Keywords: | transport ferroviaire ; transport à grande vitesse ; TGV ; rentabilité financière ; rentabilité socio-économique ; France |
| Date: | 2007–04–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:papers:halshs-00140016_v1&r=ppm |
| By: | Cerquera Dussán, Daniel |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the impact of network externalities on R&D competition between an incumbent and a potential entrant. The analysis shows that the incumbent always invests more than the entrant in the development of higher quality network goods. However, the incumbent exhibits a too low level of investments, while the entrant invests too much in R&D in comparison with the social optimum. In the model entry occurs too often in equilibrium. These inefficiencies are solely due to the presence of network externalities. By choosing compatible network goods, firms do not necessarily reduce the R&D competition intensity. |
| Keywords: | Network externalities, Innovation, Imperfect Competition |
| JEL: | D21 D85 L13 O31 |
| Date: | 2006 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:5486&r=ppm |