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on Post Keynesian Economics |
| By: | Jose Luis Oreiro; Kleydson J. G. Feio; Bruno Matelli; Isadora E. S. Quaresma |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses the evolution of Dani Rodrik’s thinking on economic development and industrialization between 2004 and 2024, a period during which his vision shifted from an industrialization-centred perspective to a more nuanced and multidimensional approach. The study examines how his understanding of the role of manufacturing and services in economic development was transformed due to contemporary challenges, including premature deindustrialization, technological change, and environmental imperatives. Through a systematic analysis of his major works, the paper identifies three distinct phases in his thinking: early (2004-2013), focused on industrial and exchange rate policies; middle (2015-2016), marked by the recognition of premature deindustrialization; and recent (2019-2024), characterized by an emphasis on the services sector and adaptive policies. The first two phases of Rodrik´s thinking had as common trace a growing convergence with many of the ideas developed by New-Developmentalist authors. In the last phase, however, Rodrik’s intellectual evolution reflects a return to more neoclassical tenets as compared to the more new-developmentalist approach of his early thinking due to a growing pessimism about industrialization as the main driver for economic development. |
| Keywords: | Exchange rate, Industrialization, Economic Development, Dani Rodrik |
| JEL: | O11 O14 O24 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pke:wpaper:pkwp2517 |
| By: | De Beer, Pieter |
| Abstract: | The global system we inhabit is often described in terms of markets, capital, and labor, but beneath these abstractions lies the deeper question of how coordination produces power and how power organizes coordination. Among the most influential traditions attempting to answer this question are Marxism and Capital as Power (CasP), two frameworks that, while sharing certain roots, diverge sharply in their interpretation of what capital is and how it operates. This divergence has led to ongoing tension. Marxists often argue that CasP misrepresents or abandons the core of Marx’s critique, while CasP theorists argue that Marxism remains tethered to outdated economic metaphysics. Both claim to reveal capitalism’s inner workings. But must we choose between them? *** This essay argues that we do not. Through the lens of Coordination: the Fabric of Power (CfP), a broader theoretical framework that views coordination itself as the primary material of power, we can move beyond this impasse. Rather than asking whether capital is labor-time or capitalization, CfP reframes the question: How is coordination patterned, withheld, or manipulated in ways that produce asymmetries of power? In doing so, it offers a synthesis that integrates the structural insights of Marxism with the empirical clarity of CasP, not by erasing their differences, but by metabolizing their strongest claims. |
| Keywords: | coordination, capital as power, capitalization, differential accumulation, domination, fabric of power, labour, Marxism, mode of power, production, sabotage, surplus value |
| JEL: | P16 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:323254 |
| By: | Heng-fu Zou |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a comprehensive mathematical framework for analyzing the internal dynamics, fragility, and inevitable collapse of totalitarian regimes. Drawing upon foundational criteria established by Friedrich and Brzezinski, we construct a system of seven coupled nonlinear differential equations that capture the interdependent evolution of ideol ogy, political power, coercive force, citizen conformity, dissent, economic extraction, and systemic entropy. The model integrates principles from dynamical systems theory, nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and neural systems analysis to show that totalitarian regimes are structurally unstable. Simulations reveal three distinct phases in a regime's trajectory -- consolidation, metastable stagnation, and nonlinear collapse driven by endogenous entropy accumulation and the regime's inherent inability to process dissent or adapt to disorder. A thermodynamic reinterpretation frames these regimes as dissipative structures that become energetically unsustainable, while a cognitive-neural analog demonstrates their eventual failure as signal-processing systems. Historical episodes-from Stalinist repression and Nazi collapse to the final decades of the Soviet Union -- are shown to conform to this general law of structural breakdown. We conclude by stating a unified law of totalitarian collapse: any regime that overcentralizes signal and suppresses feedback will generate entropy faster than it can dissipate it, leading inevitably to systemic failure. |
| Keywords: | Totalitarianism, system collapse, entropy, nonlinear dynamics, thermodynamics, Wilson–Cowan model, cognitive regimes, ideology, political power, dissent, neural instability, adaptive failure |
| Date: | 2025–06–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cuf:wpaper:767 |
| By: | Moure, Christopher; Gorsky, Shai |
| Abstract: | This paper tries to answer the question: in what ways does the logic of capital accumulation shape the organization of hospital care in the US - a sector characterized by a preponderance of both public and private "not-for-profit" institutions? Rather than taking different hospital ownership types as our analytical starting point, to answer this question, we approach the dynamics of the sector as a struggle between "capitalized care" and organized resistance to it. Taking inspiration from the capital as power political economic approach, we define "capitalized care" as a system of health care in which care is subordinated to the ongoing accumulation of power and profit. We map our investigation of organized power onto four empirical dimensions, focusing on the years 2011-2021: organized resistance to capitalized care; distribution of hospitals by ownership type; relative size and concentration of hospital systems; and relative inflation of price markups. We find that these dimensions are closely connected, suggesting that the hospital sector at large is deeply caught up in the logic of capital accumulation. While marginal, organized resistance to capitalized care continues to shape the other dimensions of the hospital landscape - namely, the balance of power between for-profit (FP) and not-for-profit (NFP) hospital systems, the profitability and concentration of large hospital systems, price inflation and medical debt. Not just FP hospitals, but also public and NFP hospitals have become tightly integrated into an overall logic of capitalist accumulation within the sector, leading to increasing consolidation, price inflation, health care inequality, and paradoxically, a large and growing public cost of healthcare. |
| Keywords: | capital as power, concentration, health, hospitals, inequality, inflation, markup profit, United States |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:capwps:323238 |
| By: | Martínez, Ignacio; Valenciano, Andres; Velloso, Helvia; Perrotti, Daniel E. |
| Abstract: | Financing the transition to a green economy in Latin America and the Caribbean demands innovative approaches to address the region’s significant investment gap, estimated at 7%–11% of GDP annually by 2050. This publication focuses on the financial strategies underpinning green productive development policies, which make up a transformative and comprehensive framework that integrates economic goals with environmental sustainability. Key insights include strategies to reallocate subsidies, lower capital costs and foster private sector investment through blended finance and institutional capital. Innovative tools like green, social and sustainability-linked bonds have emerged as pivotal instruments to channel investments into priority areas and must be enhanced. However, in order to scale up sustainable financing, systemic barriers such as underdeveloped financial markets, regulatory inefficiencies and macroeconomic instability must be addressed. This report also emphasizes the role of robust governance and regional collaboration in optimizing resource allocation, and offers actionable recommendations that provide policymakers and stakeholders with a financial road map to harness green productive development policies as a catalyst for sustainable, inclusive and resilient growth in the region. |
| Date: | 2025–05–06 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecr:col022:81506 |
| By: | Brixiova Schwidrowski, Zuzana (United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)); Elbeshbishi, Amal Nagah (United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)); Zhao, Jiaxin (United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA)) |
| Abstract: | Skills gaps, a lack of funding, and social norms continue to keep women and youth in North Africa from engaging in productive entrepreneurship. Using cross-national data and regional indicators from the World Bank and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, this analysis shows how such barriers reinforce each other, leading to the structural exclusion of women and youth. For example, only 1.2% of Egyptian women are business owners, and young people in Tunisia have a significantly lower chance than adults of obtaining business loans. The report estimates that if gender gaps in networks and skills are addressed, up to 7 million more female entrepreneurs could be established in North Africa. Progress requires targeted education, the use of inclusive finance tools, and shifts in public opinion. When supported by policies, the entrepreneurship of women and young people can boost resilience and create job-rich growth. |
| Keywords: | entrepreneurship, North Africa, gender and youth economic empowerment, financial inclusion, skills development, social norms |
| JEL: | L26 J16 J18 O17 |
| Date: | 2025–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izapps:pp217 |
| By: | Hedtke, Reinhold |
| Abstract: | This article outlines the principal characteristics of the Socioeconomic Curriculum (Das Sozioökonomische Curriculum), which was developed by Reinhold Hedtke (2018) and forms part of the transformative movement of socio-economic education in the field of economic education. The concept offers a concrete illustration of how economic education can be innovatively rethought and practically implemented in schools. Because the SEC designs economic education in a problem-oriented and integrative way, and because it conceptually links society, economy and politics, the SEC is well suited for approaches to education in a transformative context. This is also supported by its transformative notion of education. The curriculum is presented in three sections. Firstly, the core principles of the SEC are elucidated, with particular emphasis on its conceptual framework and the multifaceted dimensions of the subject area ‘economy’ (2). Subsequently, select key elements are presented as illustrative examples, including its curricular core elements, content areas, and competences (3). Finally, the text utilises problem-oriented lesson planning and a planning grid to demonstrate the practical application of the SEC. This is followed by some concluding considerations (5). |
| Abstract: | Dieser Artikel skizziert die Hauptmerkmale des Sozioökonomischen Curriculums (Das Sozioökonomische Curriculum), das von Reinhold Hedtke (2018) entwickelt wurde und Teil der transformativen Bewegung der sozio-konomischen Bildung im Bereich der wirtschaftlichen Bildung ist. Das Konzept bietet eine konkrete Veranschaulichung, wie wirtschaftliche Bildung innovativ neu gedacht und in der Schule praktisch umgesetzt werden kann. Da das SÖC die Wirtschaftsbildung problemorientiert und integrativ gestaltet und Gesellschaft, Wirtschaft und Politik konzeptionell miteinander verknüpft, eignet es sich gut für Bildungsansätze in einem transformativen Kontext. Dies wird auch durch seinen transformativen Bildungsbegriff unterstützt. Das Curriculum wird in drei Abschnitten vorgestellt. Zunächst werden die Grundprinzipien des SÖC erläutert, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf dem konzeptionellen Rahmen und den vielfältigen Dimensionen des Gegenstandes „Wirtschaft” liegt (2). Anschließend werden ausgewählte Schlüsselelemente als anschauliche Beispiele vorgestellt, darunter die Kernelemente des Curriculums, die Inhaltsbereiche und die Kompetenzen (3). Abschließend wird anhand einer problemorientierten Unterrichtsplanung und eines Planungsrasters die praktische Anwendung des SÖC demonstriert. Es folgen einige abschließende Überlegungen (5). |
| Keywords: | Socioeconomics, economic education, socio-economic education, subject matter didactics |
| JEL: | A20 |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:322259 |