|
on Neuroeconomics |
| By: | Roibu, Tib |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the role of the locus coeruleus (LC) in driving innovation and adaptive thinking through its uncertainty-processing mechanisms. The research examines how this small brainstem nucleus orchestrates cognitive flexibility and creative problem-solving through targeted norepinephrine release. By understanding these neural mechanisms, a method is proposed—the Blue Spot Method—that systematically leverages LC-mediated cognitive processes through integrated cognitive modules, that work in harmony with the brain’s natural uncertainty-processing mechanisms. |
| Date: | 2025–03–25 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:e9xfc_v1 |
| By: | GUÉNIN--CARLUT, Avel; White, Ben; Sganzerla, Lorena |
| Abstract: | We draw from the recent enactivist literature to articulate an operational definition of Wittgensteinien forms of life as a self-productive collection of constraints over collective behavior. We propose that humans integrate and enact those account through the Active Inference of shared “regimes of attentions”, which are experienced as embedded normativity within direct engagement with a shared sociocultural niche. Given those elements, we discuss how sociocultural lifeforms “encode information” in the material niche, and discuss how this information may be recovered by cognitive archeologists. |
| Date: | 2023–03–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:qxszh_v1 |
| By: | César Urquizo Ubillús |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the effect of hours worked on lifetime earnings inequality, a factor often overshadowed by the focus of the literature on wages. I argue that hours dispersion arises from individuals with heterogenous learning ability and leisure preferences selecting into occupations that reward hours worked with future wage growth at different rates. Using empirical evidence, I demonstrate strong correlations between occupational wage growth, cognitive test scores, and hours worked. Informed by this evidence, I develop and calibrate a life-cycle model of endogenous labor supply and occupational choice to disentangle the role of leisure preferences and learning ability in explaining hours worked and earnings dispersion. I find that cognitive ability is responsible for about one fourth of the variance in log hours at age 23, and leisure preferences are responsible for the remaining three fourths. Despite its seemingly small contribution to hours dispersion, cognitive ability accounts for three times as much of the variance of earnings at age 55 (31%) compared to leisure preferences (10%). Finally, I look into the normative implications of these findings, showing that when incorporating learning ability as a driver of hours dispersion, increases in tax progressivity are more effective at reducing inequality and less costly in terms of lifetime welfare. |
| Keywords: | Labor Supply, Occupational Choice, Life Cycle, Inequality |
| Date: | 2025–04 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:apc:wpaper:208 |
| By: | Shinsuke Ikeda; Takeshi Ojima |
| Abstract: | Consumers often exhibit behavioral cycles with alternating abstinence and indulgence over time. In the framework of tempting good consumption under limited willpower, we develop a simple model of the self-control cycles. To do so, based on the empirically relevant property of self-control, we incorporate two countervailing effects that self-control behaviors have on willpower with different delays. First, exercising self-control as of restraining tempting consumption depletes willpower in the next instant, and thereby reduces mental capital available for self-control thereafter. Second, as the self-control experience is accumulated, the consumer's willpower is gradually enhanced. The resulting predator-prey type dynamics in consumers' cognitive mechanics lead to cycles in tempting good consumption. The self-control cycles occur when (i) the self-control cost reducing effect of willpower and (ii) the willpower enhancing effect of self-control are both sufficiently strong. |
| Date: | 2025–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:1277 |
| By: | Bartoš, František; Godmann, Henrik R. |
| Abstract: | Schaeuffele et al. (2024) examined the effect of Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioural Psychotherapy (TD-CBT) on emotional disorders through a meta-analysis of 53 studies involving 6, 705 participants. Their main findings indicated that TD-CBT has larger treatment effects on depression, g = 0.74, 95% CI (0.57, 0.92), p ﹤ 0.001, and anxiety, g = 0.77, 95% CI (0.56, 0.97), p ﹤ 0.001, than controls. We replicated the data extraction of summary information from a subsample of the original studies with only minor deviations and we successfully computationally reproduced the main claims of the paper using the original data. However, robustness analyses adjusting for publication bias led to substantially different conclusions. In contrast to the original authors, we found weak evidence for the absence of the overall treatment effect of TD-CBT on both depression and anxiety in most of the specified models. Although additional sensitivity analyses could not completely rule out that the observed differences are partially results of small-study effects, further examination of between-study heterogeneity did not reveal consistent evidence of the benefit of TD-CBT when compared to any of the comparisons groups. |
| Keywords: | Depression, Anxiety, Publication Bias, Bayesian, Heterogeneity |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:i4rdps:213 |