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on Neuroeconomics |
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Issue of 2018‒09‒17
three papers chosen by |
| By: | Christine Porr (Princeton University); Kelly Noonan (Princeton University) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the effects of maternal depression, including its occurrence and chronicity, on nine-year-old children’s behavior, physical health, and cognition, as well as the extent to which five mechanisms explain the association between maternal depression’s chronicity and these outcomes. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), we conduct this analysis with ordinary least squares (OLS), instrumental variable (IV), and Lewbel IV regression models. We find that maternal depression significantly negatively impacts children’s behavior and physical health at age nine, while its relationship to their cognition remains ambiguous. These demonstrated effects increase in magnitude and significance with depression’s chronicity. Estimates indicate that economic hardship explains a significant portion of the association between maternal depression and all three categories of child outcomes, while mothering behaviors, co-parenting, and maternal health also play an important role for some outcomes. These findings provide support for potential policies for identifying depression early in its course, making appropriate treatment more financially viable for all individuals, and assisting children at-risk for or already suffering from behavioral and physical health problems. |
| JEL: | D19 D60 I00 J12 J13 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pri:crcwel:wp18-08-ff&r=neu |
| By: | Vohs, Kathleen D. (University of Minnesota); Aaker, Jennifer (Stanford University); Catapano, Rhia (Stanford University) |
| Abstract: | People seek to spend time in positive experiences, enjoying and savoring. Yet there is no escaping negative experiences, from the mundane (e.g., arguing) to the massive (e.g., death of a child). Might negative experiences confer a hidden benefit to well-being? We propose that they do, in the form of enhanced meaning in life. Research suggests that negative experiences can serve to boost meaning because they stimulate comprehension (understanding how the event fits into a broader narrative of the self, relationships, and the world), a known pillar of meaning in life. Findings on counterfactual thinking, reflecting on events' implications, and encompassing experiences into broad-based accounts of one's identity support the role of comprehension in contributing to life's meaning from unwanted, unwelcome experiences. |
| Date: | 2018–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecl:stabus:3660&r=neu |
| By: | Mary Banke Iyabo Omoniyi (Adekunle Ajasin University) |
| Abstract: | In the family set up, parents continue to be the caregivers and playmates during the childhood and pre-adolescent stages. During these stages, parents also become more concerned with teaching children how to behave (or how not to behave) in various situations. At these stages, the need for parents to manage the children?s budding autonomy in the hope of instilling a sense of social propriety and self-control while taking care not to undermine his curiosity, initiative and feeling of personal competence becomes very critical. Achieving emotional competence is very crucial to children?s social competence, their ability to achieve personal goals in social interaction while continuing to maintain positive relationship with others. This study employed a descriptive research design to investigate parental child rearing behaviours as correlates of anxiety related emotional disorder among normal children. The sample consists of 780 school children with the age range of 7 ? 10 years who were randomly selected from twenty primary schools in Ondo State, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire consisting of three sections A, B and C. Section A contained items on the children?s bio-data (Age, School, Sex and caregiver). However, only children living with their biological parents were used for the study. Section B dealt with the parental child rearing behaviours with a 40 item likert type scale. The response formats range from Never=1. Rarely=2, Sometimes=3, Often=4, and Almost always=5. This section was designed to provide profile of parent?s behaviours toward their children with important domains of their involvement, being positive, monitoring, consistency in discipline and corporal punishment. Section C contain 20 items bothering on the perceived anxiety by the children based on the domain of: separation anxiety, social and specific phobia, panic anxiety and generalized anxiety. Scoring ranged from never=1, sometimes=2, often=3, and always=4.The findings revealed among others that there is a significant relationship between parental inconsistent discipline (Fcal=8.488>Ftab=3.86), corporal punishment (Fcal=11.771>Ftab=3.86) and child anxiety. However there was no significant relationship between parental involvement (Fcal=0.126>Ftab=3.86), positive parenting (Fcal=2.050>Ftab=3.86), poor parental monitoring (Fcal=2.101>Ftab=3.86) and children anxiety disorder.Parents were thereafter counselled on appropriate child rearing practices for positive parent-child relationship and positive mental health. |
| Keywords: | Parental behaviours, mental health, children anxiety, emotional disorder and normal children. |
| JEL: | I20 I29 I00 |
| Date: | 2018–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7208438&r=neu |