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on Network Economics |
| By: | Masaki Aoyagi |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the problem of a monopolist who sells a network good through a price posting scheme. The scheme posts a price of every possible allocation for each buyer, who are then asked to report their private information to the seller. The seller then implements the allocation based on the reports. The social choice functions that are ex post implementable through such a sales scheme are characterized, and the conditions are identified under which the revenue maximizing scheme has the property that the price of a larger network is more affordable than that of a smaller network. |
| Date: | 2010–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dpr:wpaper:0794&r=net |
| By: | Hyun-Cheol CHUNG |
| Abstract: | The position of cable operators within the pay TV market has changed drastically in recent years. Although video service remains core to the cable industry’s business model, cable TV’s market share has been dropping significantly with intense competition from direct broadcast satellite services (DBS), Internet protocol Television (IPTV) services, digital terrestrial television services (DTT) and finally from over-the-top (OTT) service providers that supply video over an existing data connection from a third party. Cable still has a strong market position for video, particularly because of its existing relationships with content providers but the market is likely to become more competitive as other substitutable offers become available over a range of media. |
| Date: | 2010–03–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaab:170-en&r=net |
| By: | G.M. Peter Swann |
| Abstract: | While there is a large literature on the economic theory of international standards, and their presumed effects, we know much less about how international standards work in practice. This paper reviews the body of empirical work that has investigated the specific question: How international standards impact on international trade? Do they help or hinder trade? The work reviewed ranges from econometric studies using a variety of measures of standards derived from e.g. the Perinorm database, diffusion of ISO9000, regional agreements, mutual recognition agreements and harmonisation, to surveys of exporting firms. A mapping of the findings from econometric models shows that there is often, but not always, a positive relationship between international standards and exports or imports, which is in line with the widely held view that international standards are supportive of trade. For national (i.e. country-specific) standards studies find positive as well as negative effects on trade and thus provide only qualified support for the commonly held view that national standards create barriers to trade. Overall, the literature reviewed does not provide a single answer to the question of trade effects, and the explanation for this appears to have to do with how the multiple economic effects of standards interact. The paper summarises some of the existing empirical evidence for some of these effects, which include network externalities, variety, knowledge, quality and trust, and which merit further research in order to understand when standards help trade, and when not. |
| Keywords: | international trade, exports, imports, trade barriers, standards, mutual recognition agreement, ISO, technical regulations, harmonisation, mutual recognition, international standards, harmonisation agreement, International Organisation for Standardisation, econometric model, empirical, trade effect, International Electrotechnical Commission, IEC, International Telecommunication Union, ITU, TBT Agreement, WTO SPS Agreement, Perinorm, MRAs |
| Date: | 2010–06–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:traaab:97-en&r=net |
| By: | Diego Ubfal; Alessandro Maffioli |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we evaluate the impact of research grants on the amount of collaboration, among scientific researchers in Argentina. We find a positive and significant impact of funding on collaboration, which is measured in terms of the number of co-authors for publications in peer-reviewed journals. In particular, we find a significant impact of the grants for funded researchers both on the size of their ego network, and on their 2-step indirect links, measured by the number of direct and 1-step indirect co-authors. We also find evidence that this impact was driven by the results of funded researchers at the upper tail of the distribution of collaboration outcomes. Our identification strategy is based on comparing collaboration indicators for researchers with financially supported projects with those of a control group of researchers who submitted projects that were accepted in terms of quality, but not supported because of shortage of funds. We obtain consistent results by using different non-experimental techniques such as difference-in-differences models combined with propensity score matching methods and a non-parametric difference-in-differences estimator. |
| Keywords: | Scientific Collaboration, Social Networks, Program Evaluation, Nonparametric Difference-in-Differences Estimator, Latin America, Argentina |
| JEL: | O31 D85 |
| Date: | 2010–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:idb:spdwps:1006&r=net |
| By: | Junhua Zhao; John Foster (School of Economics, The University of Queensland) |
| Abstract: | The restructuring of global power industries has introduced a number of challenges, such as conflicting planning objectives and increasing uncertainties,to transmission network planners. During the recent past, a number of distributed generation technologies also reached a stage allowing large scale implementation, which will profoundly influence the power industry, as well as the practice of transmission network expansion. In the new market environment, new approaches are needed to meet the above challenges. In this paper, a market simulation based method is employed to assess the economical attractiveness of different generation technologies, based on which future scenarios of generation expansion can be formed. A multi-objective optimization model for transmission expansion planning is then presented. A novel approach is proposed to select transmission expansion plans that are flexible given the uncertainties of generation expansion, system load and other market variables. Comprehensive case studies will be conducted to investigate the performance of our approach. In addition, the proposed method will be employed to study the impacts of distributed generation, especially on transmission expansion planning. |
| Date: | 2010 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:qld:uqeemg:01&r=net |
| By: | Daron Acemoglu; Asuman E. Ozdaglar |
| Date: | 2010–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cla:levarc:661465000000000222&r=net |
| By: | Daron Acemoglu; Kostas Bimpikis; Asuman E, Ozdaglar |
| Date: | 2010–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cla:levarc:661465000000000216&r=net |
| By: | Daron Acemoglu; Giacomo Como; Fabio Fagnani; Asuman E. Ozdaglar |
| Date: | 2010–10–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cla:levarc:661465000000000208&r=net |
| By: | Thomas Stenger (CEREGE - Centre de Recherche en Gestion - Université de Poitiers : EA); Alexandre Coutant (LASELDI - Laboratoire de Semio-Linguistique, Didactique et Informatique - Université de Franche-Comté) |
| Abstract: | This paper proposes to examine the case of privacy concerns and privacy management for teenagers on Social Network Sites, according to a national survey being carried out in France since January 2008 by two University research teams in management sciences, sociology and computing, for the French National Postal Service. |
| Date: | 2010–03–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00526167_v1&r=net |
| By: | Oleksandr Talavera (School of Economics, University of East Anglia); Lin Xiong (Robert Gordon University); Xiong Xiong (University of Tianjin) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the effects of social capital on access to bank financing. Based on a Chinese nationwide survey our analysis suggests that entrepreneurs who spend more time on social activities are more likely to obtain a loan from commercial banks. In addition, we find that membership of political parties is an important determinant of state bank financing. Finally, our data reveals some evidence of substitutability between various types of social capital. To get a loan from a specific type of bank, an entrepreneur should access the relevant social network. The results of our analysis are robust to a number of specification checks. |
| Keywords: | China, social capital, entrepreneurs |
| JEL: | G21 L26 |
| Date: | 2010–10–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uea:aepppr:2010_19&r=net |
| By: | Barry Eichengreen, Marc Flandreau (IUHEID, The Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva) |
| Abstract: | This paper provides new evidence on the rise of the dollar as an international currency, focusing on its role in the conduct of trade and the provision of trade credit. We show that the shift to the dollar occurred much earlier than conventionally supposed: during and immediately after World War I. Not just market forces but also policy support – the Fed in its role as market maker – was important for the dollar’s overtaking of sterling as the leading international currency. On balance, this experience challenges the popular notion of international currency status as being determined mainly by market size. It suggests that the popular image of strongly increasing returns and pervasive network externalities leaving room for only one monetary technology is misleading. |
| Keywords: | international currency, trade credit, network externalities |
| Date: | 2010–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gii:giihei:heidwp16-2010&r=net |
| By: | Evers, Hans-Dieter; Nordin, Ramli; Nienkemper, Pamela |
| Abstract: | Knowledge clusters are central places within an epistemic landscape, i.e. in a wider structure of knowledge production and dissemination. They have the organisational capability to drive innovations and create new industries. Examples of such organisations in knowledge clusters are universities and colleges, research institutions, think tanks, government research agencies and knowledge-intensive firms with their respective knowledge workers. The following paper will look at Malaysia and its path towards a Knowledge-based economy. We first describe the development strategy of the Malaysian government which has emphasized cluster formation as one of its prime targets. We then provide evidence of the current state of knowledge cluster formation in Peninsular Malaysia and try to answer the following questions. If the formation of a knowledge cluster (especially in the ICT and multimedia industry) has been the government policy, what has been the result? Has Malaysia developed an epistemic landscape of knowledge clusters? Has the main knowledge cluster really materialised in and around Cyberjaya in the MSC Malaysia? Data collected from websites, directories, government publications and expert interviews have enabled us to construct the epistemic landscape of Peninsular Malaysia. Several knowledge clusters of a high density of knowledge producing institutions and their knowledge workers have been identified and described. The analysis of the knowledge output, measured in terms of scientific publications, patents and trademarks show that existing knowledge clusters have, indeed, been productive as predicted by cluster theory. On the other hand government designed development corridors do not always coincide with the distribution of knowledge assets. The analysis of our data pertaining to Cyberjaya, the MSC Malaysia and the “corridors” needs to be developed further to produce more robust results. |
| Keywords: | Malaysia; Cyberjaya; knowledge and development; knowledge-based economy (KBE); knowledge clusters; knowledge corridors; epistemic landscape; development strategy |
| JEL: | H41 O16 L52 C81 D8 R11 D85 |
| Date: | 2010–10–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:25845&r=net |