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on Marketing |
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Issue of 2017‒05‒07
twenty-one papers chosen by João Carlos Correia Leitão Universidade da Beira Interior |
| By: | Kuntner, Tobias; Teichert, Thorsten |
| Abstract: | Innovative new products and a strong brand are essential assets to sustain and expand a company’s competitive position in the marketplace. Separate research in the innovation and marketing field has found that marketing instruments, such as price promotions, can influence both new product diffusion and brand image. However, a holistic, brand-oriented investigation of marketing drivers’ effects on new product diffusion is missing. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the effect of price promotions on new product diffusion from a brand manager’s perspective. The analytic basis is a large-scale panel data set that covers four established fast-moving consumer goods categories and the innovation activities of 177 brands across four years. A double-hurdle model is applied to separately explore the effects of price promotions on consumers’ decisions to try and to repurchase (i.e., adopt) a new product. The results show that prices promotions’ impact depends on the stage of the diffusion process: while frequent price discounts foster new product trial, they hinder the persistent adoption of new product launches. In addition, the findings reveal that a strong brand name fulfills a supporting (risk-reducing) function at the trial stage but becomes less important for persistent adoption. This study contributes to extant literature by enhancing understanding of the linkages between innovation and brand management. Furthermore, it advances methodology by applying a double-hurdle model that accounts for the two-step process of consumers’ adoption decisions. Finally, it extends current knowledge on price promotion and innovation adoption by revealing opposite effects in the two innovation stages. The findings imply that managers need to handle price promotions carefully: although discounts encourage initial product trial, they should be used sparingly in later diffusion stages. |
| Keywords: | new product introduction,brand management,price promotion,double-hurdle model |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:157297&r=mkt |
| By: | Ludmila Matyskova; Jan Sipek |
| Abstract: | Consumer reviews may have perverse effects, including delays of adoption in new products of unknown quality when consumers are boundedly rational. When consumers fail to take into account that past reviewers self-select to purchases, a monopolist may manipulate the posterior beliefs of consumers who observe the reviews, because the product price determines the self-selection bias. The monopolist will charge a relatively high price because the positive selection of the early adopters increases the quality reported in the reviews. |
| Keywords: | cursed equilibrium; online social learning; two-sided learning |
| JEL: | D42 D82 D83 L15 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp586&r=mkt |
| By: | Kuntner, Tobias |
| Abstract: | Purpose – This study investigates whether the influence of selected marketing-mix elements on brand equity differs for different types of brands. The main focus is on price promotions’ influence. In addition, the impact of discount-store distribution is explored. Design/methodology/approach – This study applies fixed-effects regression to analyze German panel data, which includes 126 national brands in four product categories across five years. Findings – The results reveal that frequent price promotions and intensive discount-store distribution have a negative influence on brand equity. However, this effect differs across brand types: the higher a brand’s initial equity level, the more harmful is the impact of these marketing activities on brand equity. Research implications – This study shows that brand types play an important role in moderating the influence of marketing activities on brand equity. Thus, further research endeavors may generate new insights by accounting for these brand-related differences in their investigations. Practical implications – Managers of high-equity brands should avoid frequent price promotions and intensive discount-store distribution. In contrast, managers of low-equity brands may use these instruments more widely because their detrimental effects are less severe. Originality/value – Current research mainly focuses on improving the conceptualization of brand equity or exploring different kinds of marketing-mix elements. Findings on potential effect moderators are scarce. Thus, this study substantiates and extends existing findings by emphasizing the importance of distinguishing different brand types when investigating the effect of marketing-mix elements on brand equity. |
| Keywords: | Price promotion,Brand equity,Brand type,Panel data |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esprep:157296&r=mkt |
| By: | Brian Adams (Bureau of Labor Statistics); Kevin R. Williams (Cowles Foundation, Yale University) |
| Abstract: | We quantify the welfare effects of zone pricing, or setting common prices across distinct markets, in retail oligopoly. Although monopolists can only increase profits by price discriminating, this need not be true when firms face competition. With novel data covering the retail home improvement industry, we find that Home Depot would benefit from finer pricing but that Lowe’s would prefer coarser pricing. Zone pricing softens competition in markets where firms compete, but it shields consumers from higher prices in markets where firms might otherwise exercise market power. Overall, zone pricing produces higher consumer surplus than finer pricing discrimination does. |
| Keywords: | Zone pricing, Market segmentation, Price discrimination in oligopoly, Micromarketing, Retailing |
| JEL: | C13 L61 L20 L67 L81 |
| Date: | 2017–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:2079r&r=mkt |
| By: | Jaelani, Aan |
| Abstract: | This paper reviewed the event and festival tourism held in Cirebon the last few years very heavily promoted. Cirebon as the gate of secret and as a metropolitan city has many tourist attractions and facilities adequate infrastructure as one of the tourist traffic in Indonesia. With the review of documents and trend analysis, the shariah marketing mix approach in the promotion of events and festivals in Cirebon, both in the field of religious and traditions, art and culture, culinary, natural beauty, and the local economy offers a new concept in marketing tourism products which emphasize aspects locality and uniqueness noticed preservation, and also principles of shariah ensure their halal products and values of business ethics in marketing. |
| Keywords: | event, festival, halal tourism, shariah marketing mix |
| JEL: | L83 M31 O18 Z1 |
| Date: | 2017–04–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:78624&r=mkt |
| By: | Paul Belleflamme (Aix-Marseille Univ. (Aix-Marseille School of Economics), CNRS, EHESS and Centrale Marseille); Wing Man Wynne Lam (University of Liège); Wouter Vergote (CEREC, University Saint-Louis) |
| Abstract: | Two duopolists compete in price on the market for a homogeneous product. They can use a 'profiling technology' that allows them to identify the willingness-to-pay of their consumers with some probability. If both firms have profiling technologies of the exact same precision, or if one firm cannot use any profiling technology, then the Bertrand paradox continues to prevail. Yet, if firms have technologies of different precisions, then the price equilibrium exhibits both price discrimination and price dispersion, with positive expected profits. Increasing the precision of both firms’ technologies does not necessarily harm consumers. |
| Keywords: | price discrimination, price dispersion, Bertrand competition |
| JEL: | D11 D18 L12 L86 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aim:wpaimx:1713&r=mkt |
| By: | Ian Jewitt (Oxford University); Daniel Z. Li (Durham Business School) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the possibilities for sellers to usefully transmit product information to buyers by cheap talk public advertising. We explore two polar cases, contrasting vertically differentiated products (a la Milgrom Weberís (1982) general symmetric model) with horizontally di§erentiated products (a la Hotellingís (1929) line). We consider both the message only case and where reserve price-message pairs can be chosen by the seller. For horizontally di§erentiated products partitional messageonly informative equilibria are shown to exist providing the number of bidders is sufficiently large. The equilibrium is characterized by more precise information provided for less popular product attributes. The seller optimal disclosure policy displays a complementarity relationship between the number of bidders and the amount of product information disclosed. In contrast, for the vertically di§erentiated products benchmark, message-only informative equilibria do not exist. With reserve prices, informative equilibria exist in both cases. For the vertical case these equilibria yield lower seller revenue than uninformative equilibria. In the horizontal case with sufficiently large number of bidders higher revenue is possible and full disclosure becomes feasible and seller optimal in the limit. |
| Keywords: | Cheap Talk; Information Disclosure; Auction; Horizontal Differentiation; Vertical Differentiation; Informative Equilibrium |
| JEL: | D44 D82 D83 L10 M37 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dur:durham:2017_03&r=mkt |
| By: | Mohammed H. Alemu (Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen); Søren B. Olsen (Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen) |
| Abstract: | Recent papers have suggested that use of a so-called Repeated Opt-Out Reminder (ROOR) might mitigate hypothetical bias in stated Discrete Choice Experiments (DCE), but evidence so far has only been circumstantial. We provide the first comprehensive test of whether a ROOR can actually mitigate hypothetical bias in stated DCE. The data originates from a field experiment concerning consumer preferences for a novel food product made from cricket flour. Utilizing a between-subject design with three treatments, we find significantly higher marginal willingness to pay values in hypothetical than in nonhypothetical settings, confirming the usual presence of hypothetical bias. Comparing this to a hypothetical setting where the ROOR is introduced, we find that the ROOR effectively eliminates hypothetical bias for one attribute and significantly reduces it for the rest of the attributes. Our results further suggest that these reductions of hypothetical bias are brought about by a decrease in the tendency to ignore the price attribute. |
| Keywords: | Hypothetical bias, novel food, repeated opt-out reminder, willingness to pay |
| JEL: | C12 C13 C83 C93 D12 Q01 Q11 Q13 Q18 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:foi:wpaper:2017_05&r=mkt |
| By: | Azamat Valei |
| Abstract: | Empirical studies on advertising outlays report that incumbent firms change their advertising strategies in response to a new entry. While some incumbents reduce their advertising expenditures, others increase them in comparison to the preentry period. Existing literature on strategic advertising in entry games is mostly focused on entry deterrence, meanwhile no theoretical foundation is found in this literature to explain what determines a change in the advertising strategies in the case of entry accommodation. The present work considers four types of advertising and builds a model that examines how accommodating incumbents decide on advertising. The paper also provides results on how advertising is related to the size of the entry. Particularly, informative advertising and advertising enhancing product differentiation allow greater entry, while complementary and business-stealing advertising result in fewer entries since they reduce residual demand for potential entrants. Depending on whether post-entry competition variables are strategic substitutes or strategic complements, incumbent firms may increase or reduce their advertising outlays in response to new entries. |
| Keywords: | advertising; entry accommodation; industrial organization; |
| JEL: | D43 L13 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cer:papers:wp588&r=mkt |
| By: | Trautmann, Heike; Vossen, Gottfried; Homann, Leschek; Carnein, Matthias; Kraume, Karsten |
| Abstract: | Data Management and Data Analytics are of huge importance to Business Process Outsourcing Providers in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in order to offer tailor-made CRM Solutions to their business clients during presales, sales and aftersales. These solutions support business clients to improve their internal processes, as well as their customer service in a variety of communication channels (including e-mail, chat, social media, private messages, etc.) to reach out to end customers in an efficient way. As customer interactions may happen via various channels basically at any time, a crucial challenge is to efficiently store and integrate the data of the various channels in order to obtain a unified customer profile. This paper abstracts from the underlying platforms and instead considers the requirements to CRM solutions for the various communication channels, in order to devise a uniform and corporate-wide data architecture for an omni-channel customer view to maximize the business clients' value in customer retention and customer centric analytics. Especially, online customer segmentation integrating channel usage and preferences is presented as a very promising means for constructing a self-energising information loop which will lead to highly improved customer service along the whole customer journey. |
| Keywords: | Omni-Channel CRM,Big Data,Customer Segmentation,Data Architecture |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ercisw:28&r=mkt |
| By: | Jia Pu; Xiao Zhang |
| Abstract: | This study aimed to examine the associations between exposure to e-cigarette advertisements and perception, interest, and use of e-cigarettes among US middle school and high school students. |
| Keywords: | electronic cigarette, adolescent health, advertising exposure |
| JEL: | I |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:mpr:mprres:64f1d443414a4f108f10fef975849335&r=mkt |
| By: | Hakan Yilmazkuday (Department of Economics, Florida International University) |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates whether consumer search behavior differs across zip codes within the U.S.. As an application, daily gasoline price data covering virtually all gas stations within the U.S. are employed to estimate the distribution of search costs in each zip code. The results show that there are significant differences across zip codes regarding the expected number of searches achieved before consumers purchase gasoline. In order to have a systematic explanation, such differences are further connected to geographic, demographic and economic conditions of the zip codes in a secondary analysis. The corresponding results imply several strategies for gas stations in order to maximize profits/markups; suggestions follow for policy makers and regulators to reduce redistributive effects of information barriers across locations. |
| Keywords: | Consumer Search, Price Dispersion, Retail Gasoline |
| JEL: | D12 D83 L81 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fiu:wpaper:1705&r=mkt |
| By: | Mukhina, Alena |
| Abstract: | This article discusses the issues on relationship marketing in the industrial market. Special attention is paid to the definition of relationship marketing, proposed classification of relationship marketing research schools such as North American, Northern European and British. Revealed key concepts of relationship marketing in industrial market and its features. |
| Keywords: | Relationship marketing, marketing, suppliers, relationship marketing, inter-firm relationships. |
| JEL: | M2 M21 M3 |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:78554&r=mkt |
| By: | Shankar, Tara; Singh, K.M. |
| Abstract: | The study was undertaken to analyze marketed surplus and price spread for Cauliflower in S. Chotanagpur of Jharkhand. Cluster sampling techniques was used to select the sample villages and respondents. Primary data were collected by personal interview of respondents. Simple statistical tools were employed to accomplish different objectives of the study. The marketed surplus of the medium category of farms have slightly higher surplus than marginal, large and small categories of farms. Their relative proportion was 94.84 per cent, 94.51 per cent, 94.49 per cent and 94.48 per cent respectively of the total production. The share of producer in consumer rupee is high in channel were there are less number of intermediaries. The marketing cost incurred by wholesaler in different channels were estimated 5.01 per cent, 6.39 per cent and 7.88 per cent of the consumer price respectively and their corresponding net margins were 9.68 per cent, 9.61 per cent and 10.23 per cent of the price paid by the consumer. |
| Keywords: | Marketed Surplus, Cluster Sampling, Price Spread |
| JEL: | Q13 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:78722&r=mkt |
| By: | Morgane Laouénan (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Roland Rathelot (University of Warwick [Coventry]) |
| Abstract: | We use data from an online marketplace of vacation rentals (Airbnb) collected in 19 major cities in North America and Europe to measure discrimination against ethnicminority hosts. This market has three interesting features: the existence of a detailed reviewing system, the high frequency of transactions and the panel dimension of the data. Using the fact that ratings provide potential guests with information about the quality of a listing, we build a credible measure of statistical discrimination, following a strategy a la Altonji and Pierret (2001). Hosts from a minority ethnic group charge 16% less than other hosts in the same cities. Controlling for a rich set of characteristics reduces the ethnic price gap to 3.2%. An additional review increases the daily price more for minority than for majority hosts. Estimating the parameters of a theoretical pricing model, we find that statistical discrimination accounts for most of the price differential: 2.5 percentage points. |
| Keywords: | ethnic discrimination, statistical discrimination, rental market |
| Date: | 2017–04–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:hal-01514713&r=mkt |
| By: | Frédéric Marty (Université Côte d'Azur, France; GREDEG CNRS) |
| Abstract: | Il s'agit de s'interroger sur les problèmes concurrentiels qui peuvent procéder de l'utilisation d'algorithmes de prix. La masse des données disponibles et les capacités de traitement des algorithmes (notamment via l'intelligence artificielle) rendent possibles des stratégies de discrimination parfaite par les prix, qui peuvent se traduire par des abus d'exploitation et peuvent favoriser l'émergence et le maintien d'équilibres de collusion tacite. Nous montrons les difficultés que peuvent rencontrer les règles de concurrence pour contrecarrer de tels risques et considérons d'autres types de réponses tenant à une régulation publique ou à l'exercice de contrepoids par les consommateurs. |
| Keywords: | algorithmes, données massives, intelligence artificielle, discrimination par les prix, collusion tacite |
| JEL: | K21 L41 L81 |
| Date: | 2017–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2017-14&r=mkt |
| By: | Elaine Kelly (Institute for Fiscal Studies and Institute for Fiscal Studies); George Stoye (Institute for Fiscal Studies and Institute for Fiscal Studies) |
| Abstract: | Reforms to public services have extended consumer choice by allowing for the entry of private providers. The aim is to generate competitive pressure to improve quality when consumers choose between providers. However, for many services new entrants could also affect whether a consumer demands the service at all. We explore this issue by considering how demand for elective surgery responds following the entry of private providers into the market for publicly funded health care in England. For elective hip replacements, we find that demand shifts account for at least 7% of public procedures conducted by private hospitals. These results are robust to instrumenting for location using the presence of existing healthcare facilities. Exploiting rarely used clinical audit data, we show that these additional procedures are not substitutions from privately funded procedures, and represent new surgeries, at least within a given year. The increase in volumes resulting from a demand shift improve consumer welfare, but impose fiscal costs, and do not contribute the original aim of the reforms to stimulate competition. This is an updated version of W15/22 New joints: private providers and rising demand in the English National Health Service. |
| Keywords: | public service choice; healthcare demand; geographic variation |
| JEL: | I11 I18 L33 |
| Date: | 2016–08–26 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:16/15&r=mkt |
| By: | Rieger, Christoph |
| Abstract: | Mobile devices have become ubiquitous not only in the consumer domain but also support the digitalization of business operations though business apps. Many frameworks for programming cross-platform apps have been proposed, but only few modeling approaches exist that focus on platform-agnostic representations of mobile apps. In addition, app development activities are almost exclusively performed by software developers, while domain experts are rarely involved in the actual app creation beyond requirements engineering phases. This work concentrates on a model-driven approach to app development that is also comprehensible to non-technical users. With the help of a graphical domain-specific language, data model, view representation, business logic, and user interactions are modeled in a common model from a process perspective. To enable such an approach from a technical point of view, an inference mechanism is presented that merges multiple partial data models into a global specification. Through model transformations, native business apps can then be generated for multiple platforms without manual programming. |
| Keywords: | Graphical DSL,Mobile Application,Business App,Model-driven software development,Data model inference |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:ercisw:29&r=mkt |
| By: | Eliaz, Kfir; Oren-Kolbinger, Orli; Weisburd, Sarit |
| Abstract: | How do consumers allocate their attention over price fluctuations in multiple products, and how do they respond to information on these price changes? We address these questions using data from a field experiment on a website that offers purchase and delivery from one large local supermarket chain in the U.S. Our main findings indicate that (i) a large proportion of consumers forego significant saving opportunities that they were aware of, (ii) consumers are more likely to compare prices between substitutes that appear close to each other, and (iii) personalized "nudges" have a differential effect on consumers. Furthermore, we propose a typology of shoppers and shopping trips, based on a level of attentiveness, and show that nudges and information provision helps only the "attentive" shoppers. |
| Date: | 2017–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:12014&r=mkt |
| By: | Bae , Chankwon (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Kim , Young Gui (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy); Keum , Hye Yoon (Korea Institute for International Economic Policy) |
| Abstract: | Korean Abstract: 본 연구는 한중일 제조업 총요소생산성을 3국 간 경쟁구도 속에서 비교, 분석함으로써 국내 제조업의 경쟁력을 진단하고, 이를 토대로 향후 세계시장에서 한중일 3국 간 경쟁구조의 변화를 전망하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 제2장에서는 Olley and Pakes(1996) 방식으로 총요소생산성(TFP)을 추정하고 한중일 비교를 통해 1980년대부터 최근에 이르기까지 생산성으로 평가한 3국 간 경쟁력의 격차가 어떻게 변해왔는지 조망한다. 제3장에서는 수출통계를 통해 한중일 간 수출경쟁 현황을 살펴보고, 생산성과 수출 간의 관계에 대해 분석한다. 우리나라가 정유산업 이외에 확실한 우위를 점하고 있는 산업은 없으며 운송기기와 화학 산업은 일본, 전기·전자 산업은 일본, 중국과 경합을 벌이고 있다. 한중일 3국의 상위 20대 수출품목에 대한 분석에서는 2000년대 들어 전기·전자 산업을 중심으로 한중 경합관계가 한일보다 심화되고, 동일 산업내에서도 한중과 한일 간 경합품목이 확연히 구분되는 경향을 보인다. 한일 간 수출경쟁은 운송기기 산업에서 두드러지는데, 2000년대 중반 이후 소형과 중형 승용차 위주의 경쟁에서 다양한 모델의 승용차와 차량용 부분품 등으로 경합품목이 세분화되고 있다. 제4장에서는 먼저, 제2장의 분석 결과를 사용하여 산업별 TFP 프런티어와 이에 대한 한중일의 기술추격속도를 추정한 후 3국의 산업별 TFP의 장기적 추이를 전망한다. 우리나라는 화학과 정유 산업을 제외한 모든 산업에서 10∼15년 이내에 중국에게 추월당할 가능성이 큰 반면, 일본의 생산성 증가속도가 정체 내지 둔화되면서 운송기기와 비철금속 제조업 이외의 산업에서는 일본을 따라잡을 수 있을 것으로 예측된다. 제5장에서는 이상의 모든 분석 결과를 근거로 기술진보를 촉진하는 정책 지원, 생산의 기술적 효율성을 제고할 수 있는 경제구조로의 전환, 한중일 경쟁구도의 세밀한 분석과 예측을 통한 장단기 전략의 차별화, 효율적인 구조조정과 생산성 향상을 위한 R&D 투자의 실효성 확보, 창업 역량 및 지원 강화, 그리고 한중일 3국의 협력을 통한 상호이익의 극대화 모색을 정책적 시사점으로 제시한다. English Abstract: This study evaluates Korea's competitiveness in manufacturing exports, focusing on the rivalry among Korea, China, and Japan. In doing so, it aims to predict changes in competitive dynamics for Korea in the global manufacturing market. The findings from the study are as follows: first, there has been a dramatic catch-up of China with Korea in terms of productivity, especially since 2000, while there still exists a relatively large gap between Japan and Korea. It is reminiscent of the sandwich theory, meaning Korea is literally sandwiched between a fast-growing China and technologically-advanced Japan. Second, since 2000, industry-level productivity has increased mostly with respect to the ratio of value-added in productive firms to total value-added in Korea. Meanwhile, it is actually technological progress that has been the major contributing factor to productivity growth rather than economies of scale. Third, Korea competes with China and Japan, respectively, in different product markets. It implies that rivalry among the three countries even within the same industry may be divided in terms of the products. Fourth, productivity may be interconnected with exports in Korea. In particular, there seems to be a positive link between productivity growth created by technological progress and export performance. Fifth, current trends in productivity growth suggest that Korea will be overtaken by China in most manufacturing sectors except chemical and oil refining within 10∼15 years. For the long-term though, the productivity rankings will be reversed among Korea, China, and Japan; in virtually all industries but transportation equipment. |
| Keywords: | Manufacturing Industry; Export; Total Factor Productivity; Korea; South; China; Japan |
| Date: | 2015–12–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ris:kieppa:2015_007&r=mkt |
| By: | Thilo Klein; Stefaan Verhulst (The GovLab) |
| Abstract: | New data sources, commonly referred to as “Big Data”, have attracted growing interest from National Statistical Institutes. They have the potential to complement official and more conventional statistics used, for instance, to determine progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and other targets. However, it is often assumed that this type of data is readily available, which is not necessarily the case. This paper examines legal requirements and business incentives to obtain agreement on private data access, and more generally ways to facilitate the use of Big Data for statistical purposes. Using practical cases, the paper analyses the suitability of five generic data access models for different data sources and data uses in an emerging new data ecosystem. Concrete recommendations for policy action are presented in the conclusions. |
| Keywords: | Big Data, business model, data ecosystem, official statistics, public-private partnership (PPP) |
| JEL: | C55 C81 C82 |
| Date: | 2017–05–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stdaaa:2017/6-en&r=mkt |