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on Mining |
| By: | Arinc, Ibrahim Said (SOCAR Türkiye) |
| Abstract: | This article examines critical mineral supply chains through a geo-economic and governance-oriented lens, drawing on Global Value Chain (GVC) theory and insights from asymmetric interdependence. It argues that supply vulnerabilities extend beyond geological endowment and extraction, increasingly reflecting coordination failures across transnational value chains, particularly at midstream and downstream stages involving refining, processing, logistics, certification, and regulatory alignment. While existing scholarship has largely treated hydrocarbon corridors and critical mineral supply risks as separate domains, limited attention has been paid to corridor-based governance arrangements capable of coordinating extraction, transit, processing, and market access across Eurasia. The study adopts a qualitative, policy-oriented methodology combining conceptual analysis, review of institutional and policy frameworks, and an embedded case study of the Southern Gas Corridor (SGC). The SGC serves as an institutional reference to examine how geographically connected actors, including Central Asian producers, Azerbaijan, Türkiye, and European markets, have managed asymmetric interdependence through long-term cooperation, intergovernmental frameworks, and coordinated state and commercial participation. Building on these insights, the article develops a corridor-based governance perspective for Eurasian critical mineral supply chains. It conceptualizes the Eurasian Critical Minerals Corridor not as an existing institutional structure, but as an analytical framework for examining how variable-geometry cooperation can structure interdependence, reduce exposure to value-chain vulnerabilities, and support more resilient supply arrangements. In doing so, the article advances a governance-centered interpretation of critical mineral supply chains and demonstrates how institutional lessons from energy corridors can inform policy debates on critical mineral security and the political economy of the energy transition. |
| Date: | 2026–01–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:exjsp_v1 |
| By: | Bastianin, Andrea; Castelnovo, Paolo; Frattini, Federico Fabio; Vona, Francesco |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a novel text-based approach to identify CRM-saving innovation using patent data and studies how mineral price signals shape the direction of technological change. Using patent data from 1978–2020, we distinguish technologies that rely on CRMs from those that explicitly aim to reduce their use through efficiency improvements, substitution, or recycling. We provide evidence consistent with the induced-innovation hypothesis: higher mineral prices reallocate inventive effort toward CRM-saving technologies, while having little effect on CRM-reliant innovation. The response strengthens over time and is especially pronounced for battery minerals and rare earth elements. These findings are robust to alternative specifications and are reinforced by complementary identification strategies, including a falsification test and the use of plausibly exogenous supply-side price variation. |
| Keywords: | Climate Change, Environmental Economics and Policy, Resource/Energy Economics and Policy, Sustainability |
| Date: | 2026–01–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:feemwp:391378 |
| By: | Carry, Inga |
| Abstract: | Kritische Rohstoffe sind zu einem Schlüsselthema der Trump-Administration geworden. Mit einer Mischung aus Deregulierung, staatlicher Steuerung und Finanzierung will sie die amerikanische Rohstoffindustrie ausbauen. Denn die hohe Abhängigkeit der USA von chinesischen Rohstoffen zwingt Washington bei Verhandlungen mit Peking zu schmerzhaften Zugeständnissen. Trump nutzt die Rohstofffrage nun selbst als geopolitischen Hebel, um seine handels- und sicherheitspolitischen Interessen global geltend zu machen. Während multilaterale Foren wie die Minerals Security Partnership brachliegen, setzt Trump auch im Rohstoffsektor auf bilaterale Deals. Bei der Sicherung kritischer Rohstoffe konkurriert Europa mittlerweile nicht mehr nur mit China, sondern auch mit den USA. Daher sollte die Europäische Union (EU) ihre Rohstoffsouveränität entschlossener stärken, ohne sich bei Fragen der Nachhaltigkeit und regelbasierter Kooperation von Trump in die Defensive drängen zu lassen. |
| Keywords: | USA, EU, China, Rohstoffpolitik, Trump, kritische Rohstoffe, U.S. International Development Finance Corporation, DFC, Defense Production Act, DPA, One Big Beautiful Bill Act, OBBBA, Zollpolitik, RESourceEU, European Critical Raw Materials Centre, Minerals Security Partnership, MSP, Inflation Reduction Act, IRA, Rohstofflieferketten |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:swpakt:335918 |
| By: | Rémy Herrera (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne); Poeura Tetoe (MEE - Ministère de l'Education, de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Culture) |
| Abstract: | This article skows the ambivalence of the relationships between Papua New Guinea and Australia, by successively analyzing the historical links which bind these two countries (Part I), their continuity after independence (Part II), and the mechanisms of this dependence, especially at the economic and political levels (Part III). The social structures of Australia's former colony are studied, in particular in relation to the issues of the access to land and the expansion of the mining sector penetrated by foreign capital, around which the interests of the States and the transnational firms, on the one hand, and those of the Papua New Guinean people, on the other hand, are clashing. |
| Keywords: | debt, public aid, Australia, law, land regime, natural resources, dependency, development, Papua New Guinea |
| Date: | 2025 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:hal-05432520 |
| By: | Pierre Adrien Du Cly (SU UFR Histoire - Sorbonne Université - Faculté des Lettres - UFR Histoire - SU FdL - Sorbonne Université - Faculté des Lettres - SU - Sorbonne Université, SU - Sorbonne Université, SU UFR HAA - Sorbonne Université - Faculté des Lettres - UFR Histoire de l'art et archéologie - SU FdL - Sorbonne Université - Faculté des Lettres - SU - Sorbonne Université) |
| Abstract: | This article analyzes the historical and material significance of the galleon San José, wrecked off the coast of Cartagena de Indias in 1708. Focusing on the first 8-escudo coins minted in Lima in 1707 and recently recovered, the study explores how these artifacts transcend their status as mere treasure to become archives of imperial power. The author examines the role of this cargo within the context of the War of the Spanish Succession, the impact of its loss on the colonial economy, and the transition of these coins from instruments of power to objects of scientific and memorial study. |
| Abstract: | Cet article analyse l'importance historique et matérielle du galion San José, dont l'épave repose au large de Carthagène des Indes depuis 1708. En se concentrant sur les premières monnaies de 8 escudos frappées à Lima en 1707 et récemment extraites, l'étude explore comment ces objets transcendent leur valeur de simple trésor pour devenir des archives de la puissance impériale. L'auteur examine le rôle de cette cargaison dans le contexte de la Guerre de Succession d'Espagne, l'impact de sa perte sur l'économie coloniale et la transition de ces pièces d'un statut d'instrument de pouvoir à celui d'objet d'étude scientifique et mémoriel. |
| Date: | 2025–12–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05424444 |
| By: | Tetsuya Takaishi |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effects of Trump-era tariffs on financial market efficiency by applying multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis to the return and absolute return time series of six major financial assets: the S\&P 500, SSEC, VIX, BTC/USD, EUR/USD, and Gold. Using the Hurst exponent $h(2)$ and multifractal strength, we assess how market dynamics responded to two major global shocks: the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the Trump tariff policy in 2025. The results show that COVID-19 induced substantial changes in both the Hurst exponent and multifractal strength, particularly for the S\&P 500, BTC/USD, EUR/USD, and Gold. In contrast, the effects of the Trump tariffs were more moderate but still observable across all examined time series. The Chinese market index (SSEC) remained largely unaffected by either event, apart from a distinct response to domestic stimulus measures. In addition, the VIX exhibited anti-persistent behavior with $h(2) |
| Date: | 2026–01 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.00548 |
| By: | International Monetary Fund |
| Abstract: | Côte d’Ivoire’s economy continues to show resilience, supported by the restoration of fiscal and external buffers. The EFF/ECF-supported program approved in May 2023 (400 percent of quota) has largely eliminated macroeconomic imbalances and safeguarded a moderate risk of debt distress. Important measures have been taken under the RSF arrangement (150 percent of quota) to contribute to prospective balance of payments stability and tackle challenges from climate change and to meet the country’s ambitious adaptation and mitigation objectives. The authorities’ reform commitments under both programs support Côte d’Ivoire’s efforts to pursue economic transformation to upper-middle income status over the medium term. The outlook remains favorable, supported by sustained consumption and investment, as well as a further expansion of the hydrocarbon and mining sectors, and innovative financing instruments reflecting strong investor confidence. Risks remain broadly balanced amid persistent global uncertainty. |
| Date: | 2026–02–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:imf:imfscr:2026/033 |
| By: | Rui Ma |
| Abstract: | We study same-source multi-view learning and adversarial robustness for next-day direction prediction with financial image representations. On Shanghai Gold Exchange (SGE) spot gold data (2005-2025), we construct two window-aligned views from each rolling window: an OHLCV-rendered price/volume chart and a technical-indicator matrix. To ensure reliable evaluation, we adopt leakage-resistant time-block splits with embargo and use Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). We find that results depend strongly on the label-noise regime: we apply an ex-post minimum-movement filter that discards samples with realized next-day absolute return below tau to define evaluation subsets with reduced near-zero label ambiguity. This induces a non-monotonic data-noise trade-off that can reveal predictive signal but eventually increases variance as sample size shrinks; the filter is used for offline benchmark construction rather than an inference-time decision rule. In the stabilized subsets, fusion is regime dependent: early fusion by channel stacking can exhibit negative transfer, whereas late fusion with dual encoders and a fusion head provides the dominant clean-performance gains; cross-view consistency regularization has secondary, backbone-dependent effects. We further evaluate test-time L-infinity perturbations using FGSM and PGD under two threat scenarios: view-constrained attacks that perturb one view and joint attacks that perturb both. We observe severe vulnerability at tiny budgets with strong view asymmetry. Late fusion consistently improves robustness under view-constrained attacks, but joint attacks remain challenging and can still cause substantial worst-case degradation. |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2602.11020 |