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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Gaetan de Rassenfosse (Ecole polytechnique federale de Lausanne); Gabriele Pellegrino (Catholic University of Milan) |
| Abstract: | This paper assesses the extent to which the international migration of inventors affects innovation in the receiving country. Drawing on a novel database that maps the migratory patterns of inventors, we exploit the end of the Soviet Union and the consequent post-1992 influx of ex-Soviet inventors to the United States. Econometric analysis on a panel of U.S. cities and technological fields shows that the patenting activity of U.S. inventors increased significantly after the arrival of ex-Soviet Union inventors. |
| Keywords: | geographic mobility; innovation; inventors; patents |
| JEL: | O31 O34 O51 J61 |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iip:wpaper:23&r=mig |
| By: | Fanghua Li; Chenyang Ji; Moshe Buchinsky |
| Abstract: | In this paper we examine the causal relationship between formal social insurance and individuals’ migration decisions. We exploit a quasi experimental design in rural China, under which county officials were assigned to a group of villages (i.e., treated villages) to serve as village supervisors (VSs) for the local leaders. We show that this led to reduced favoritism in welfare allocation by the local leaders, thereby increasing the efficacy in the formal social insurance in the treated villages. We use detailed geo-referenced administrative household-level data suited for a spatial regression discontinuity design (RDD) to obtain an average treatment effect (LATE) of the improved social insurance on migration. The apparent variation in the implementation of the reform across treated villages and heterogeneous impacts on different family clans make it possible to directly link changes in the efficacy of the insurance to migration choices. We find a large positive migration effect, of about 19%, for the young males and females. In turn, this led to a large boost in the average household’s income in just two years. |
| JEL: | J01 O10 |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31819&r=mig |
| By: | Sylvie Démurger; Siwar Khelifa; Béatrice Rey |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates how rural-urban income differentials interact with the risk coping motive to shape households' migration behavior. Using a model of migration behavior under agricultural income risk, our theoretical results suggest that while income differentials remain crucial in determining the migration decision, they are additionally determined by the agricultural income risk the household is facing. Empirical findings on Chinese farm households indicate that the incidence of migration as a risk coping mechanism is lower for households with a negative expected urban-to-rural income difference. Moreover, we find that, when these households care about the human capital of their children, their marginal utility of income increases as the educational performance of their children deteriorates, implying that, when migration is used as a risk coping strategy, households with lower educational performance of children may be more likely to send a parent for migration. This result also suggests that the best specification of the utility function to consider for these households is the non-separability between the household's earnings and their children's human capital. |
| Date: | 2023–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:irn:wpaper:23-03&r=mig |
| By: | Andrés Sánchez Picón (Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Economía y Empresa. Centro de Investigación Mediterráneo de Economía y Desarrollo Sostenible (CIMEDES), Almería, Spain.); Victor Antonio Luque de Haro (Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Economía y Empresa. Centro de Investigación Mediterráneo de Economía y Desarrollo Sostenible (CIMEDES), Almería, Spain.); María del Carmen Pérez Artés (Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Economía y Empresa. Centro de Investigación Mediterráneo de Economía y Desarrollo Sostenible (CIMEDES), Almería, Spain.); María José Mora Mayoral (Universidad de Almería, Departamento de Economía y Empresa. Centro de Investigación Mediterráneo de Economía y Desarrollo Sostenible (CIMEDES), Almería, Spain.) |
| Abstract: | This research examines the migration in Linares during the third quarter of the 19th century, with a focus on migratory chains. Linares was among the Spanish cities that received the highest influx of immigrants during the mining boom, resulting in a population increase of nearly six times within 30 years. Using the population register of the city in 1873 as the primary source, which consisted of more than 22, 500 individuals, this study confirms the usefulness of the migratory chains approach for analyzing internal migrations in both the pre-industrial era and the early stages of industrialization. Thereby, it is proven that social capital had a considerable impact on determining migratory flows to Linares. The impact of the migrants' places of origin on the spatial distribution of the migrant population and their occupational specialisation in the destination city is significant. This outcome highlights how migratory chains have facilitated the provision of information and the reduction of costs associated with searching for housing and employment. |
| Keywords: | Migratory chains, Internal migrations, Spain, Linares |
| JEL: | R23 N33 N53 O15 |
| Date: | 2023–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ahe:dtaehe:2306&r=mig |
| By: | OECD; UNHCR |
| Abstract: | This paper provides a factual baseline of the extent to which refugees and internally displaced persons are included in development planning, specifically in the national development plans and sector plans of low- and middle-income countries; in the international development co-operation strategies of Development Assistance Committee (DAC) members and participants; and in the UN Sustainable Development Cooperation Frameworks of the UN development system at country level. It contributes to measuring progress towards commitments – under the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR) and the UN Action Agenda on Internal Displacement – to treat forced displacement also as a development issue. Finally, it formulates policy recommendations to further improve the inclusion of the forcibly displaced in development planning. |
| JEL: | F35 H12 H41 H50 H87 O20 P41 |
| Date: | 2023–10–27 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:dcdaab:47-en&r=mig |