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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Cavaillé, Charlotte; Van Der Straeten, Karine |
| Abstract: | Research shows that opposition to policies that redistribute across racial divides has affected the development of the American welfare state. Are similar dynamics at play in Western Europe? For many scholars, the answer is yes. In contrast, we argue that researchers’ understanding of the political economy of redistribution in diversifying European countries is too incomplete to reach a conclusion on this issue. First, existing evidence is inconsistent with the assumption —ubiquitous in this line of research— of a universal distaste for sharing resources with people who are culturally, ethnically and racially different. Second, important historical and institutional differences between the U.S. and Europe preclude any straightforward transposition of the American experience to the European case. We discuss what we see as the most promising lines of inquiry going forward. |
| Keywords: | Immigration; parochial altruism; redistribution; welfare state; Europe; United State |
| Date: | 2022–09–14 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tse:iastwp:127309&r= |
| By: | Ariell Zimran |
| Abstract: | I study the internal migration of native-born white men in the United States using linked census data covering all possible 10- and 20-year periods 1850--1940. Inter-county migration rates were stable over time. Selection into migration on the basis of occupational status was also largely stable and was neutral or slightly negative. But the orientation of internal migration changed, declining in distance, becoming more directed towards the west, and increasingly driving urbanization. These patterns changed in the 1930s as migration became less common and less urban oriented. These results provide a clearer understanding of historic US internal migration than previously possible. |
| JEL: | J61 N31 N32 O15 |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:30384&r= |
| By: | Mariia Kudaeva (Bank of Russia, Russian Federation); Ivan Redozubov (Bank of Russia, Russian Federation) |
| Abstract: | This study presents an empirical assessment of the migration effects on macroeconomic indicators in Russia as a whole and separately for groups of regions that "attract" and "give" migrants. Using a structural vector autoregression model with the short-term constraints, it was found that a sharp increase in the flow of migrants to the country and to the "attracting" regions has a significant positive effect on the economic activity. At the same time, the outflow of migrants from the "giving" regions leads to a slight increase in wages. The impact of migration for unemployment has not been identified. Thus, we have determined that migration flows of population are reflected in the indicators of economic activity and labor market of the country. In accordance with the transmission mechanism, changes in the output and wage are seen in the dynamics of inflation. The got results will help to understand the impact of migration and whether it should be taken into account in the monetary policy decisions. |
| Keywords: | migration, economic activity, labor market, structural vector autoregression models. |
| JEL: | E24 E32 J11 |
| Date: | 2021–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bkr:wpaper:wps86&r= |
| By: | Giovanni Busetta (Department of Economics - Universita' di Messina) |
| Abstract: | Economic theory splits discrimination into statistical and tastebased. While the logic underlying the first one consists of using information on a group of individuals as proxy of a specific worker. In the case of taste-based, the discrimination against a group of individuals, is connected to a personal preference of the employer rather than any lack of information. This second kind of discrimination is incompatible with the maximization of entrepreneur's profits. To assess the difference between the two, we constructed a specific index of ethnic discrimination, capable to separate the two kinds of discrimination using native, first- and second- generation immigrants (Busetta et al., 2018; Busetta et al., 2020). The aim of this paper is to apply this Index, previously used only in the Italian context, to several European countries, using the dataset "Condition and Social Integration of Foreign Citizens, SCIF 2011-2012", to compare the levels of statistical and taste-based discrimination in different societies. |
| Keywords: | Labor market discrimination, First- and second-generation immigrants, Statistical and taste-based discrimination. |
| JEL: | C43 J15 J23 J64 J71 |
| Date: | 2022–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anc:wpaper:470&r= |