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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Chatruc, Marisol Rodríguez (Inter-American Development Bank); Rozo, Sandra V. (USC Marshall School of Business) |
| Abstract: | Can online experiences that illustrate the perspective of the everyday life of a minority group improve behaviors of the dominant towards the minority group? We explore the case of natives and refugees by randomly assigning 850 natives to: i) an online game that immerses natives in the life decisions of refugees and ii) a real-life documentary about the migration process of refugees. Both treatments effectively improve altruism and reduce prejudice from natives towards migrants. The impacts of both treatments are not statistically different in any of the other outcomes that we examine. |
| Keywords: | migration, redistribution, trust |
| JEL: | D72 F2 O15 R23 |
| Date: | 2021–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14303&r= |
| By: | Alan, Sule; Duysak, Enes; Kubilay, Elif; Mumcu, Ipek |
| Abstract: | Using detailed data on primary school children and their teachers, we show that teachers who hold prejudicial attitudes towards an ethnic group create socially and spatially segregated classrooms. We identify this relationship by leveraging a natural experiment where newly arrived refugee children are randomly assigned to teachers within schools. We elicit children's social networks to construct multiple measures of social exclusion and ethnic segregation in classrooms. We find that teachers' ethnic prejudice significantly lowers the prevalence of inter-ethnic social links, increases homophilic ties among host children, and puts refugee children at a higher risk of peer violence. Biased teachers' exclusionary classroom practices emerge as a likely mechanism that explains our results. We find that biased teachers tend to spatially segregate refugees, seat them at the back corners of classrooms, away from attention. Our results highlight the role of teachers in achieving integrated schools in a world of increasing ethnic diversity. |
| Keywords: | ethnic prejudice; ethnic segregation; social exclusion; Teacher effects |
| JEL: | I24 J15 |
| Date: | 2021–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:15784&r= |
| By: | Chatruc, Marisol Rodríguez (Inter-American Development Bank); Rozo, Sandra V. (USC Marshall School of Business) |
| Abstract: | How are natives' attitudes towards migrants shaped by economic crises? Natives could show more empathy towards migrants as everyone faces a common threat. Alternatively, natives' prejudice could rise as competition for scarce economic opportunities increases. We conduct an online survey to 3,400 Colombian citizens and randomly prime half of them to think about the economic consequences of COVID-19, before eliciting their altruism and attitudes towards Venezuelan forced migrants. We find that natives' attitudes towards migrants are substantially more negative in the treatment relative to the control group. Individuals ages 18 to 25 years, however, respond by showing more altruism. |
| Keywords: | migration, COVID-19, attitudes, priming, altruism |
| JEL: | D72 F2 O15 R23 |
| Date: | 2021–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14319&r= |
| By: | D’Ambrosio, Anna (Polytechnic of Turin); Leombruni, Roberto (University of Turin); Razzolini, Tiziano (University of Siena) |
| Abstract: | Populist parties' propaganda portrays immigrants as a threat to native workers' jobs. When propaganda materializes as an electoral success, it may drive changes in natives' attitudes towards immigrants. As shown experimentally by Bursztyn et al. (2020), electoral results may signal a change in social preferences about immigration and make individuals more likely to express anti-immigrant resentment that they were previously hiding. We employ Italian administrative data to explore whether this mechanism implies actual differences in native and foreign workers' labor market outcomes. We estimate the impact of the electoral results of an Italian populist party, the Lega Nord, on natives and foreigners' workplace injuries and wages. We show that, on average, a 1% increase in the votes for the Lega Nord increases within-job-spell injury rates of foreign workers by 0.9%. Firms below fifteen employees benefiting from less employment protection drive the result. We argue that this is due to a reallocation of hazardous tasks to immigrant workers only in contexts characterized by higher job insecurity. The evidence is weaker for wage reductions, arguably due to labor market rigidity. |
| Keywords: | social norms, discrimination, workplace injuries |
| JEL: | D72 J28 J71 |
| Date: | 2021–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14322&r= |