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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Yahaya Umar Namahe (Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto) |
| Abstract: | Forced migration in and into Nigeria was caused by several reasons such as environmental degradation and natural disasters, inter and intra communal/ inter-ethnic clatters, boundary clashes between native people and settlers, disagreements over land, electoral violence, as well as violent conflicts. However, the most devastating armed conflict that has led to force migration of people in recent times particularly in the northeastern part of the Nigeria is the Boko Haram uprising. Reports have showed that, over two million people were forced to move out from their original homes as a result of the crisis. This paper therefore, seeks to examine the nature, growth and consequences of the crisis. The paper also tries to highlights the effects of the crisis on the plight of the displaced people in terms of their living conditions, food and nutrition, health, security and education. The paper finally offers some recommendations with a view of improving the situation. |
| Keywords: | Boko Haram, Migration, uprising |
| Date: | 2018–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:iacpro:7209183&r=mig |
| By: | Hull, Marie C. (University of North Carolina, Greensboro); Norris, Jonathan (University of Strathclyde) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we study the evolution of cognitive and noncognitive skills gaps for children of immigrants between kindergarten and 5th grade. We find some evidence that children of immigrants begin school with lower math scores than children of natives, but this gap disappears in later elementary school. For noncognitive skills, children of immigrants and children of natives score similarly in early elementary school, but a positive gap opens up in 3rd grade. We find that the growth in noncognitive skills is driven by disadvantaged (e.g., low-SES) immigrant students. We discuss potential explanations for the observed patterns of skill development as well as the implications of our results for the labor market prospects of children of immigrants. |
| Keywords: | children of immigrants, cognitive and noncognitive skills, test score gap |
| JEL: | I21 J13 J15 |
| Date: | 2018–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp11724&r=mig |
| By: | Georgi N. Todorov (Varna Scientific Institute of the Eastern European Commonwealth); Anna V. Kalinina (Tyumen Industrial University); Anna I. Rybakova (Russian State Social University) |
| Abstract: | Labour migration is one of the most important socioeconomic development indicators. The problem of a steady decline in the working-age population size has changed a role of migration that has an active impact on the human potential development. With the help of an empirical example from the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), this research paper presents specifics of labour migration. A review of literary sources points out to an ambiguous impact of a number of factors on dynamics of migration flows, employment, and unemployment. Correlation-regression modelling of migration processes for the EEU in various configurations has resulted with the following. First, a revealed direct relationship between a natural growth (decline) in the population, a number of vacant jobs and the population migration indicator. Second, researchers have established an inverse dependence between GDP per capita, consumer price index, minimum wage, unemployment rate, and population migration indicator. Thirdly, they have shown that a direction of migrant flows depends on such factors, as GDP per capita, number of vacant jobs and minimum wage. Results of the analysis show that an increasing difference between an average wage in the region and across the EEU, and minimum standard of living leads to decreasing numbers of migrants from a particular region of the EEU. In the EEU, for the population main reasons for employment abroad include unemployment in rural areas, no regular income, and lower wages compared to neighbouring countries. The discussion explains an essence of contradictory consequences of the labour migration impact on a development of national economic systems in terms of the completed academic and empirical research. In this regard, it is reasonable to consider labour migration as a global economic phenomenon and this needs further research in terms of factors that influence it. |
| Keywords: | migration factors,entrepreneurship ecosystem,labour migration,Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), employment,labour remuneration,migration flows |
| Date: | 2018–06–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01859326&r=mig |
| By: | Chletsos, Michael; Roupakias, Stelios |
| Abstract: | In this paper we analyze the impact of immigration on Greek politics over the 2004-2012 period, exploiting panel data on 51 Greek regional units. We account for potential endogenous clustering of migrants into more “tolerant” regions by using a shift-share imputed instrument, based on their allocation in 1991. Overall, our results are consistent with idea that immigration is positively associated with the vote share of extreme-right parties. This finding appears to be robust to alternative controls, sample restrictions and different estimation methods. We do not find supportive evidence for the conjecture that natives “vote with their feet”, i.e. move away from regions with high immigrant concentrations. We also find that the political success of the far-right comes at the expense of “Leftist” parties. Importantly, concerns on criminality and competition for jobs and public resources appear to drive our findings. |
| Keywords: | Immigration, Elections, Political economy |
| JEL: | D72 J15 J61 |
| Date: | 2018–08–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:88545&r=mig |