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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Hou, Feng; Bonikowska, Aneta |
| Abstract: | It has been well documented that the children of immigrants in Canada outperform their peers with Canadian-born parents in educational attainment, and that the two groups have similar labour market outcomes. However, large variations by ethnicity or source country exist among the children of immigrants. This study examines the extent to which admission class (e.g., skilled workers, business immigrants, live-in caregivers, the family class and refugees) also matters in the socioeconomic outcomes of childhood immigrants who arrived in Canada before the age of 18. |
| Keywords: | Children and youth, Education, training and learning, Education, training and skills, Educational attainment, Ethnic diversity and immigration, Immigrant children and youth, Labour market and income |
| Date: | 2016–04–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:stc:stcp3e:2016377e&r=mig |
| By: | Kureková, Lucia Mýtna (Slovak Governance Institute); Žilinčíková, Zuzana (Masaryk University) |
| Abstract: | This paper studies how attractive young returnees are in the labour market and how they behave relative to stayers. We use the online CVs of young people that are posted on the major Slovak job-search portal. The analysis is performed using a set of regression models that investigate attractiveness, salary expectations and positions of interest to returnees in comparison to stayers. We find that the post-accession foreign work experience increases the attractiveness of job candidates, but that attractiveness premium varies depending on the returnee's host country. Returnees are more demanding with respect to their minimum salary expectations and are more likely than stayers to apply for positions advertised abroad. Return migrants are a diverse group - women, graduates, or people returning to economically underperforming regions, continue to face disadvantages with labour market integration. |
| Keywords: | return migrants, employers, web data, labour market, integration, Slovakia |
| JEL: | F22 J23 |
| Date: | 2016–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp9921&r=mig |
| By: | Clément Bosquet; Henry G. Overman |
| Abstract: | We consider the link between birthplace and wages. Using a unique panel dataset we estimate a raw elasticity of wage with respect to birthplace size of 4.6%, two thirds of the 6.8% raw elasticity with respect to city size. We consider a number of mechanisms through which this birthplace effect could arise. Our results suggest that inter-generational transmission (sorting) and the effect of birthplace on current location (geography) both play a role in explaining the effect of birthplace. We find no role for human capital formation at least in terms of educational outcomes (learning). Our results highlight the importance of intergenerational sorting in helping explain the persistence of spatial disparities. |
| Keywords: | place of birth; spatial sorting; lifetime mobility |
| JEL: | J61 J62 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:66492&r=mig |
| By: | Cansin Arslan (International Migration Division, OECD); Jean-Christophe Dumont (International Migration Division, OECD); Zovanga Kone (Development Research Group, World Bank and University of Nottingham); Çaglar Özden (Development Research Group, World Bank); Christopher Parsons (Business School, University of Western Australia); Theodora Xenogiani (International Migration Division, OECD) |
| Abstract: | The provision of detailed and comparable international migration statistics prove vital for policy makers and academics alike. In this paper we present the first complete collection of international bilateral migrant stock data for OECD destination countries from the 2010 census round. We analyse the data along a number of critical dimensions (origin, age, education, gender) in historical context, highlighting the most important patterns. These include the continued surge in migration to the OECD, the meteoric rise in high skilled migration, the inexorable increase in female migration and especially the migration of high skilled females. Given their reliability, it is hoped that the data presented in the paper will set the standard for data collection and dissemination in the years to come. |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwa:wpaper:16-13&r=mig |
| By: | Mathias Czaika (International Migration Institute, University of Oxford); Christopher Parsons (Business School, University of Western Australia) |
| Abstract: | We introduce two pioneering databases in order to analyze the implications of the Global Economic Crisis on international migration. The first details inflows of migrant workers of 185 nationalities to 10 OECD destinations, disaggregated by skill level (highly skilled and otherwise), between 2000 and 2012. The second comprises immigration policies implemented by 19 OECD countries between 2000 and 2012. We distinguish between six skill-selective admission policies, six post-entry policy instruments and three bilateral agreements. Subsequently we present preliminary analysis of these data against the backdrop of the Global Economic Crisis. The Global Economic Crisis negatively affected annual inflows of both highly and other skilled migrants between 2007 and 2009, although they resumed their upward trend thereafter. The starkest trends in policy terms include: the emergence and rapid diffusion of student job seeker visas, the relative stability in the prevalence of skill selective policies in the wake of the Global Economic Crisis, a greater use of financial incentives to attract high-skilled workers and increased employer transferability for migrants at destination. |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uwa:wpaper:16-16&r=mig |
| By: | Daniel Rais |
| Abstract: | Abstract The research highlights that immigrants’ dependence on welfare assistance negatively affects immigration attitudes. Such dependence is often related to the relatively low education of immigrants as compared to natives. Thus, it is important to understand whether immigrants’ offsprings are able to catch-up in education to their native peers. |
| Date: | 2015–05–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wti:papers:830&r=mig |
| By: | Daniel Rais |
| Abstract: | Abstract This paper focus on the African integration process and analyses its potential effect in a sense of favouring the diminishment of migration flows to the North. In the sense of a diffusion of the underlying principle of partnership cooperation another dimension of the paper analyses the effects, if any, of the contribution of the Swiss – Nigerian Migration partnerships on the African integration process. |
| Date: | 2015–05–13 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wti:papers:825&r=mig |
| By: | Daniel Rais |
| Abstract: | The complexity of migration issues is clearly reflected by states diverging national migration policy interests that exists within one state. In line with the Swiss Report on International Cooperation on Migration of the Swiss Federal Council , this complexity requires close coordination and cooperation between the governmental institutions and al offices. Only through a close and coherent cooperation between all governmental actors involved in migration issues the migration-development nexus can be strength. The present paper will suggest how intergovernmental cooperation can lead to better policy coherence in migration by interlinking all actors involved. |
| Date: | 2014–11–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wti:papers:824&r=mig |
| By: | Daniel Rais |
| Abstract: | The Community Blueprint foresees the achievement of a free movement regime for skilled labour, mobility of selected categories of people associated mainly with trade in services and investment. Labour migration policies for other types of workers are not part of the regional integration framework. The agenda on services trade mobility, institutionalized at the multilateral level by the 1995 WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services under the so-called ‘mode 4’ temporary movement of service providers, has taken shape in other regions of the world as well. For instance, in North America (NAFTA), Europe (EU), or South America (MERCOSUR), servicesrelated mobility provisions have coupled with other, more comprehensive, regional policies to migration (e.g. free movement of people in the EU, residence and work rights for all citizens of MERCOSUR and associated countries, etc.). Assessing the current context on labour migration within ASEAN and drawing on mobility models employed by other regional units, the study discusses the prospects for deeper labour market cooperation in Southeast Asia. |
| Date: | 2014–12–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wti:papers:770&r=mig |
| By: | Daniel Rais |
| Abstract: | Abstract As migrants’ dependence on social assistance from the welfare state which is often related to the relatively low skill level of immigrants acts as a main driver of immigration attitudes, we investigate whether migrants’ children are able to catch up in education to their native peers and compare their degree of intergenerational educational upward mobility to those of natives. |
| Date: | 2015–05–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wti:papers:829&r=mig |
| By: | Facchini, Giovanni; Frattini, Tommaso; Signorotto, Cora |
| Abstract: | We investigate how media exposure affects elected representatives' response to preferences on immigration and trade policy. Using a novel dataset spanning the period 1986-2004, in which we match individual opinion surveys with congressmen roll call votes, we find that greater exposure to media coverage tends to increase a politician's accountability when it comes to migration policy making, while we find no effect for trade policy. Our results thus suggest that more information on the behavior of elected officials affects decisions only when the policy issue is perceived to be salient by the electorate. |
| Keywords: | Media exposure; political economy; Public Opinion; Roll Call Votes |
| JEL: | F22 H89 |
| Date: | 2016–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11282&r=mig |
| By: | Yekaterina Chzhen; Emilia Toczydlowska; Zlata Bruckauf; UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre |
| Abstract: | The extent to which the socio-demographic composition of child populations drives inequality in child well-being depends on which children are most likely to do much worse than their peers. In this Research Brief we present evidence on the socio-economic vulnerability of immigrant children and highlight the relative contribution of immigrant background to the risks of falling behind in household income, education, health and life satisfaction. |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ucf:inores:inores841&r=mig |
| By: | Siddique, Hafiz Muhammad Abubakar; Shehzadi, Iram; Manzoor, Muhammad Rizwan; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq |
| Abstract: | International migration and remittances have an important role in economic and social development of the developing countries as it helps in achieving the gains of globalization. This paper endeavors to explore the relationship by forming and evaluating a new data set on foreign remittances, international migration, poverty and inequality in South Asian countries. As poverty and income inequality are the prime issues faced by the developing countries meanwhile a handsome number of skilled and educated workers of such countries is employed abroad in the high income countries, so the foreign remittances sent by these workers to home countries is expected to have positive impacts on poverty reduction. The contribution of foreign remittances in the total income of South Asia is 4.2% which shows a significant proportion of GDP and it has significant impact on poverty alleviation. |
| Keywords: | poverty, remittances, migration, inequality |
| JEL: | F0 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:71246&r=mig |
| By: | Libertad González Luna |
| Abstract: | I use birth-certificate data for Spain to document extremely son-biased sex ratios at birth among Indian immigrants. I also show that the children of Indian immigrants display poor health outcomes during infancy, although there is no evidence of a gender gap in infant health. I provide evidence suggesting that the poor outcomes of Indian children at birth can be attributed to the low health endowments of Indian mothers, while the absence of a gender gap is driven by the fact that the parents who would invest less in girls are less likely to carry the pregnancies of girls to term (more likely to practice sex-selective abortion). |
| Keywords: | fertility, sex ratio, abortion, sex selection, son preference, infant health, immigration, India, Spain. |
| JEL: | J13 I15 |
| Date: | 2016–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:upf:upfgen:1516&r=mig |