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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Christian Dustmann (University College London & Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM)); Josep Mestres (University College London & Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM)) |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes savings and asset holdings of immigrants in relation to their return plans. We argue that savings and asset accumulation may be affected by return plans of immigrants. Further, the way savings and assets are held in the home and host country may also be related to future return plans. Thus, comparing savings and assets between immigrants and natives may lead to serious underestimation when neglecting the home country component. We show that immigrants with temporary return plans place a higher proportion of their savings in the home country. In addition, both the magnitude and the share of assets and housing value accumulated in the home country are larger for immigrants who consider their migration as temporary, and lower the value of assets and property held in the host country. Finally, and conditional on observable characteristics, we find no evidence that immigrants with temporary migration plans save more than immigrants with permanent migration plans. |
| Keywords: | International Migration, Wealth Accumulation, Housing Demand. |
| JEL: | F22 D31 R21 |
| Date: | 2010–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:201005&r=mig |
| By: | Park, Albert (University of Oxford); Wang, Dewen (Chinese Academy of Social Sciences) |
| Abstract: | Using data from recent surveys of migrants and local residents in 10 cities in 2005, this paper examines how migration influences measurements of urban poverty and inequality in China, and also compares how other indicators of well-being differ for migrants and local residents. Contrary to previous studies that report that the income poverty rate of migrant households is 1.5 times that of local resident households, we find relatively small differences in the poverty rates of migrants and local residents. Although the hourly wages of migrants are much lower than those of local residents, migrant workers work longer hours and have lower dependency ratios and higher labor force participation rates. Including migrants increases somewhat measures of urban income inequality. Significant differences between migrants and local residents are found for non-income welfare indicators such as housing conditions and access to social insurance programs. |
| Keywords: | migration, urban, poverty, inequality, social protection, China |
| JEL: | J61 O15 |
| Date: | 2010–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp4877&r=mig |
| By: | Christian Dustmann (University College London & Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration (CReAM)); Tommaso Frattini (University of Milan, CReAM, LdA and IZA); Nikolaos Theodoropoulos (University of Cyprus and CReAM) |
| Abstract: | This paper reviews the labour market performance and educational attainment of ethnic minorities and second generation immigrants in the UK over the last three decades. We first describe the size and composition of the minority population and its regional distribution over time, and investigate their labour market performance relative to the white native population. We then present an intergenerational comparison of education, employment, and wages of different ethnic minority groups born in Britain to their parents’ generation, and to equivalent groups of white native born individuals. We conclude with a summary of recent research on the school performance of children from ethnic minorities relative to their white peers. |
| Keywords: | Ethnic minorities, Second generation immigrants, Intergenerational comparison. |
| JEL: | J15 J61 J62 |
| Date: | 2010–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:crm:wpaper:201004&r=mig |
| By: | Yamada, Gustavo |
| Abstract: | We analyze trends in regional economic growth, employment and internal migration during one of the best periods of economic boom in Peru´s modern history. Migration among departamentos from 2002 to 2007, captured in the last population census, has been consistent with regional labour prospects, such as initial stocks and recent increases in the volumes of adequate employment. The relative size of internal migration has declined compared to the period 1988-1993 due to the virtual elimination of terrorism-led migration, retaking a long run declining trend observed for the South America region. However, migration corridors opened up in the 1980s and 1990s have persisted during this decade. Empirical models show that the migration decision also takes into account potential gains in living standards, through the improved access to economic and social infrastructure. Likewise, the report finds evidence that internal migration flows support the process of conditional convergence across regional per capita GDPs. However, these same flows do not seem to influence significantly the speed of earnings convergence across regions. |
| Keywords: | Employment; migration; economic growth. |
| JEL: | J10 O15 J01 D60 |
| Date: | 2010–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:22067&r=mig |
| By: | Valsecchi, Michele (Department of Economics, School of Business, Economics and Law, Göteborg University) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we ask whether there is a relationship between property rights and international migration. In order to identify the impact of property rights, we consider a country-wide land certification program, which took place in Mexico throughout the 1990s, and complemented the 1992 Agrarian Law. Our identifica- tion strategy exploits the timing of the program and the heterogeneity in farmers’ eligibility into the program. We find that the change in de facto property rights is associated with a 9-16 percent increase in the likelihood of having a member abroad. The program explains a small but relevant share of the increase in migration to the United States which Mexico experienced throughout the 1990s. In this respect, we add to the current debate on the causes of Mexican migration (Hanson 2006, Hanson and McIntosh 2009, Hanson and McIntosh forthcoming).<p> |
| Keywords: | International migration; property rights; land titling; land reform |
| JEL: | D23 F22 Q15 |
| Date: | 2010–04–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:gunwpe:0440&r=mig |