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on Economics of Human Migration |
| By: | Alessandra Venturini; Gil S. Epstein |
| Abstract: | The sentiments felt by capital owners and local workers and consumers towards migrants may improve when temporary migration policies are adopted. The observed level of exertion of effort by migrants, which decreases during their duration in the host country, positively affects production, real wages and capital owners' profits. We show that the acceptance of job offers by migrants results in the displacement in employment of national workers by immigrants, but it increases the exertion of effort by workers, reduces prices, and acts as a counterweight to anti-immigrant voter attitudes. |
| Keywords: | migration, effort, voter, migration |
| JEL: | J1 J10 R23 |
| Date: | 2006–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wpc:wplist:wp18_06&r=mig |
| By: | Collie, David R. (Cardiff Business School) |
| Abstract: | The analysis of migration in Findlay (1982) is extended by adding external economies of scale to the Ricardian model as in Ethier (1982). With external economies, the larger country always gains from trade but the smaller country may lose from trade unless the external economies of scale are sufficiently strong. The smaller country will always gain from emigration but the larger country may lose from immigration unless the external economies of scale are sufficiently strong. Both countries gain from complete economic integration (free labour migration with free trade). Finally, the optimal migration policies of the two countries are derived. |
| Keywords: | Immigration; emigration; international trade; factor mobility |
| JEL: | F22 F12 J61 |
| Date: | 2007–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdf:wpaper:2007/23&r=mig |
| By: | Michel, BEINE; Cecily, DEFOORT (UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Department of Economics); FrŽdŽric, DOCQUIER (UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This paper casts the Belgian Great Depression of the 1930s within a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) framework. Results show that a total factor productivity shock within a standard real business cycle model is unsatisfactory. Introducing war expectations in the baseline model produces little improvement. Given the evidence on sticky wages put forward by historians, it shows that a simple DGSE model with sticky wages ˆ la Taylor improves on the result. |
| Keywords: | human capital; convergence; brain drain |
| JEL: | O15 O40 F22 F43 |
| Date: | 2007–08–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctl:louvec:2007024&r=mig |
| By: | David Duffy (Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI)) |
| Abstract: | feature of the Irish economy in recent years has been the high net flow of people into the country. The analysis compares owner-occupancy by natives and immigrants in 1995 and 2004. The results show that immigrants have higher headship rates than the native population but have a much lower rate of owner-occupancy than natives and that the gap has widened over time. The longer an immigrant has been resident in Ireland the more likely they are to be homeowners. The changing mix of the immigrant population may be a contributing factor in explaining the widening gap. |
| JEL: | J61 R21 |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esr:wpaper:wp188&r=mig |
| By: | Alan Barrett (Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI)); David Duffy (Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI)) |
| Abstract: | Ireland has experienced a remarkable change in its migratory patterns in recent years and has moved from experiencing large-scale emigration to receiving significant inflows. In this paper, we use data from a nationally representative sample of immigrants and natives drawn in 2005 to assess the occupational attainment of immigrants in Ireland relative to natives. It is found that immigrants, on average, are less likely to be in high-level occupations controlling for factors such as age and education. When looked at by year of arrival, it appears as if immigrants who arrived more recently have lower occupational attainment relative to earlier arrivals, thereby suggesting a process of integration. However, a closer analysis shows that the observation of better occupational attainment for earlier arrivals can be explained by a change in the national origin mix of Ireland’s immigrants, with immigrants from the New Member States of the European Union having the lowest occupational attainment. Within national groups there is generally no clear evidence of improved occupational attainment over time. |
| Keywords: | Immigrants, labour market integration, Ireland |
| JEL: | J61 |
| Date: | 2007–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esr:wpaper:wp199&r=mig |
| By: | Maria Concetta Chiuri; Giuseppe De Arcangelis; Angela Maria D’Uggento; Giovanni Ferri |
| Abstract: | The Survey on illegal migration in Italy (SIMI henceforth) aims to analyse the phenomenon of clandestines migrating to or through Italy. SIMI contains information concerning the main demographic, economic and social characteristics of a sample of 920 clandestines crossing Italian borders and apprehended during 2003. Individual motivations to migrate, migrants’ intentions to return, their expectations about income at destination and their intended remittance rates are collected within SIMI and discussed in this paper. Evidence generally corroborates the predictions of the pertinent literature on development economics with respect to the decision to migrate. Apprehended illegal migrants expected to earn about 8-10 times their income at home, had they reached final destination. The median cost of the trip is more than a yearly average income. One of the conclusions of the survey is that future migratory flows may be massive, as the interviewees (typically in the mid-20s and with family and friends at home that are ready to join in the future) perceive themselves as frontrunners among nationals in their age cohort. |
| Keywords: | ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS |
| JEL: | J1 J10 R23 |
| Date: | 2007–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wpc:wplist:wp01_07&r=mig |
| By: | Di Bartolomeo, Anna; Di Bartolomeo, Giovanni |
| Abstract: | Measuring migrants’ integration into host societies is a challenging task as, in general, measuring any social behavior and social phenomena. The task is affected by many specific problems related to the definition of the objective of study and the impact of subjective evaluations in the construction of an index. Our study aims to provide a measure of integration as much as possible general and objective. More in details, first, we consider some different general aspects of the integration problem related to migrants’ polarization, cultural diversification, social stability, integration in the labor market. Second, we aggregate them in a synthetic linear index, which is rather objective since the weights are computed by only considering the statistical properties of our dataset, i.e. choosing those weights that minimize the information loss in terms of data variances/co-variances. |
| Keywords: | Migrations; migrants’ integration; regional index; principal component analysis. |
| JEL: | J15 R10 J10 J18 |
| Date: | 2007–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:4421&r=mig |
| By: | Ray Barrell (National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR)); John FitzGerald (Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI)); Rebecca Riley (National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR)) |
| Abstract: | This paper considers the macroeconomic effects of the migration that followed the enlargement of the EU in May 2004. At that time the EU was expanded to include 10 New Member States (NMS) predominantly from Central and Eastern Europe. In the wake of accession the number of workers migrating to the EU-15 from the poorest of the NMS increased significantly. In part the result of the liberal immigration policies adopted, and restrictive policies adopted elsewhere, Ireland and the UK have become popular destination countries for NMS workers. Here we illustrate the potential macroeconomic consequences of these migration flows across Europe, highlighting the impacts in both the receiving and sending countries. |
| Keywords: | EU enlargement, New Member States, migration |
| JEL: | E22 E24 E27 F22 J61 |
| Date: | 2007–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:esr:wpaper:wp203&r=mig |