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on Microfinance |
| By: | Nazrul Islam |
| Abstract: | This research attempts to explore the key research questions about what are the different microcredit programs in Haor area in Bangladesh? And do microcredit programs have a positive impact on livelihoods of the clients in terms of selected social indicators viz. income, consumption, assets, net worth, education, access to finance, social capacity, food security and handling socks etc. in Haor area in Bangladesh? Utilizing difference-in-difference and factor analysis, we explore the nature and terms of conditions of available formal and informal micro-creditss in Haor region of Bangladesh; and investigate the impact of micro-creditss on the poverty condition of Haor people in Bangladesh. The findings showed that total income of borrowers has been increased over non-borrowers (z=6.75) significantly. Among the components of income, non-agricultural income has been increased significantly on the other hand income from labor sale has been decreased significantly. Total consumption expenditure with its heads of food and non-food consumption of both formal borrowers and informal borrowers have been increased over the period 2016-2019 significantly. Most of the key informants agreed that the findings are very much consistent with prevailing condition of micro-credits in Haor region. However, some of them raised question about the impacts of micro-credits. They argued that there is no straightforward positive impact of micro-credits on poverty condition of the households. |
| Date: | 2022–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2206.02722&r= |
| By: | Nazrul Islam |
| Abstract: | The objective of this paper is to assess the impact of micro credit on the livelihoods of the clients in the haor area of Sunamganj district, Sylhet, Bangladesh. The major findings of the study are that 66.2 percent respondents of borrowers and 98.7 non-borrowers are head of the family and an average 76.6 percent and among the borrowers 32 percent is husband/wife while 1.3 percent of non-borrowers and on average 22.2. In terms of sex 64.7 percent of borrowers and 92.5 percent of non-borrowers are male while 35.3 percent of borrowers and 7.5 percent of non-borrowers are female. The impact of micro-credit in terms of formal and informal credit receiving households based on DID method showed that total income, total expenditure and investment have been increased 13.57 percent, 10.39 percent and 26.17 percent. All the elements of total income have been increased except debt which has been decreased by 2.39 percent. But the decrease in debt is the good sign of positive impact of debt. Consumption of food has been increased but non-food has been decreased. All the elements of investment have been increased except some factors. The savings has been decreased due excess increase in investment. The study suggested that for breaking vicious cycle of poverty by micro-credit the duration of loans should be at least five year and the volume of loans must be minimum 500,000 and repayment should at not be less than monthly. The rate of interest should not be more than 5 percent. |
| Date: | 2022–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2206.02798&r= |
| By: | Edith Archambault (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | According to a very broad definition of the European Commission, mutual organizations/ societies "are voluntary groups of persons (natural or legal) whose purpose is primarily to meet the needs of their members rather than achieve a return on investment." This broad definition includes self-help groups, friendly societies, cooperatives, mutual insurance companies, mutual benefit societies, credit unions, building societies, savings and loans associations, microcredit, burial associations, Freemasons.. . (European Commission 2003). Hereafter, it is a more restricted definition that is used, relying on principles shared by most mutuals in Europe, the region where they are the most widespread. However, some international examples put European mutual societies in perspective. The core organizations examined here will be mutual insurance companies and mutual benefit societies. In that sense, mutual societies are insurance companies run by their members for protecting them against property, personal and social risks on a voluntary and noncompulsory basis. Mutual insurance companies deal with property and life risks while mutual benefit societies protect their members against social risks, mainly illness, disability, and old age. |
| Date: | 2021 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-03633911&r= |