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on Microfinance |
| By: | Rouse, Marybeth; Verhoef, y Grietjie |
| Abstract: | The importance of financial development for long-term economic growth has been recognised by policy-makers arounds the world. Fast growing economies with limited formal banking services experience greater financial exclusion. The explosion in mobile phone technology in Africa saw the rapid development of mobile banking. Many countries in Africa have poor retail banking network infrastructure especially in the rural areas. Mobile communication networks introduced innovative products to extend mobile banking into remote rural locations. The development of mobile banking has contributed towards enhanced financial inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In less than ten years, Kenya has become the leading country in SSA for mobile banking penetration and mobile banking has been instrumental in providing access to financial services to the previously unbanked. This article surveys the state of economic development in Africa as contextualisation of subsequent trends in banking developments in SSA. |
| Keywords: | financial development, financial inclusion, mobile technology, retail banking, Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) |
| JEL: | G21 O1 O3 O5 |
| Date: | 2017–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:78006&r=mfd |
| By: | Ayako Matsuda (Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Osaka School of International Public Policy (OSIPP)); Takashi Kurosaki (Professor, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University) |
| Abstract: | Weather index insurance has been attracting much attention from academics and policy makers. This paper investigates the demand for temperature and rainfall index insurance in India using the data from randomized subsidy experiments. We find that price, income and asset levels influence the demand for both temperature and rainfall insurance. We also show that richer farmers are less price-sensitive and farmers' response to the discount becomes less price-sensitive as the amount of discount increases. Non-price factors such as age and education level of a respondent are important correlates. Purchase decisions are also influenced by individual prior experience and society experience of insurance. |
| Keywords: | Weather Insurance, Temperature Insurance, Demand for Insurance |
| JEL: | O13 O16 G22 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osp:wpaper:17e002&r=mfd |
| By: | Sandra Planes-Satorra (OECD); Caroline Paunov (OECD) |
| Abstract: | Innovation policies are central to growth agendas in most countries, but have figured much less prominently in strategies to promote social inclusion. In recent years, many countries have implemented “inclusive innovation policies”– a specific set of innovation policies that aim to boost the capacities and opportunities of disadvantaged individuals to engage in innovation activities, including research and entrepreneurship. Examples include the provision of grants to researchers from disadvantaged groups, the deployment of programmes to popularise science and technology, the provision of micro-credit to entrepreneurs and the provision of grants to firms locating their R&D activities in peripheral regions. This paper analyses the role that inclusive innovation policies can play in tackling social, industrial and territorial inclusiveness challenges by drawing on 33 detailed policy examples from 15 countries. The paper discusses why these policies should be a priority, explores the specific challenges that arise in their implementation and provides recommendations as to how the challenges can best be addressed. |
| Date: | 2017–04–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaaa:2017/2-en&r=mfd |
| By: | Edwin Arbey Hernández García; Andrés Felipe Oviedo Gómez |
| Abstract: | El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la demanda de créditos informales en Colombia, que permita una mayor inclusión financiera para los hogares e individuos colombianos. Por lo cual, utilizando modelos de regresión binomial y multinomial e información de la Encuesta Longitudinal Colombiana de la Universidad de los Andes (ELCA), se encontró que los atributos como montos, periodicidad de pagos y plazo juegan un papel fundamental, de manera que entre menores sean dichas características, mayor es la probabilidad de acceder al crédito informal. Por otra parte los activos como respaldo de una deuda informal, no juegan un papel significativo, ya que la confianza es fundamental en la relación del prestamista y del prestatario. |
| Keywords: | Crédito informal; Logit binomial y multinomial; inclusión financiera |
| JEL: | D14 E26 G20 |
| Date: | 2016–12–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:col:000418:015539&r=mfd |
| By: | Simpson, James; Carmona, Juan |
| Abstract: | Los pósitos rurales eran instituciones de crédito gestionadas por los propios municipios que ofrecían préstamos a corto plazo (la duración de una cosecha) a sus miembros a un interés inferior al que ofrecían los prestamistas privados. Como en el caso de otros bienes públicos su éxito dependía crucialmente de la gestión realizada, dado que el volumen de capital prestable dependía esencialmente de la capacidad para recuperar los granos o el dinero distribuidos el año anterior. Aunque gestionados por la autoridad municipal, los 3.500 pósitos (en 1900) estaban regulados por una agencia gubernamental que no tuvo éxito en convertirlos en una red pública de crédito agrario. Cuatro son los objetivos de este trabajo: primero, destacar la insólita pervivencia y buen funcionamiento de miles de pósitos antes de la Gran Guerra en contraste con el diagnóstico pesimista del gobierno; segundo, mostrar que los pósitos eran instituciones de acción colectiva no muy diferentes a otros bienes comunales; tercero, que el diseño de los pósitos no era muy diferente al de otras instituciones de microcrédito como las cooperativas existentes en este momento; por último, si bien los factores locales desempeñaron un papel importante en su supervivencia a largo plazo, la agricultura moderna exigió ya en el siglo XX instituciones de crédito que permitieran obtener fondos procedentes de áreas geográficas más amplias que la aldea. Con el fin de estudiar las diferencias municipales usamos las memorias de la Delegación Regia de Pósitos entre 1911 y 1913. |
| Keywords: | siglo XX; España; crédito agrario; pósitos |
| JEL: | N54 N24 N23 H41 |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cte:whrepe:24486&r=mfd |