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on Macroeconomics |
| By: | Max Deter (Kiel Institute for the World Economy); Kalle Kappner (LMU Munich, HU Berlin); Hans Lueders (Stanford University) |
| Abstract: | Does repression silence dissent or push people to leave? We study the arrest of protesters during East Germany's Peaceful Revolution, using novel micro-data from Leipzig. Residents of streets and houses with an arrested protester were more likely to have left their address once the Berlin Wall fell, and exit visa applications rose in the months after an arrest. Nearby protest activity and support for the opposition show no visible decline after an arrest. Our results suggest that repression raised the demand for exit without a visible retreat of voice, and that residents acted on this demand once leaving became possible. |
| Keywords: | protest; repression; emigration; exit visas; east germany; autocratic breakdown; |
| JEL: | H10 N44 P20 |
| Date: | 2026–10–03 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rco:dpaper:587 |
| By: | Kilponen, Juha; Kortelainen, Mika |
| Abstract: | We extend an estimated euro-area Smets-Wouters (2007) model with endogenous price-adjustment hazards and a credibility-weighted expectations channel and study the interaction between state-dependent pricing (SDP) and inflation-expectation de-anchoring as complementary sources of second-round inflation dynamics. We establish four results. First, the two channels are super-additive: the long-run price-level cost of a large cost-push shock exceeds the sum of individual effects when both channels are active. Second, de-anchoring is material only when routed through the forward expectation term, not through backward indexation. Third, a formal Kalman-filter state-space estimation using ECB Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF) and Consumer Expectations Survey (CES) data finds that professional forecasters remained fully anchored while households de-anchored significantly once inflation crossed approximately 5% during 2021-2024 inflation surge, consistently with rational inattention. Fourth, looking through a large cost-push shock is costly because the supply-side and expectations-side risks compound. |
| Keywords: | state-dependent pricing, inflation expectations, de-anchoring, rational inattention, second-round effects, monetary policy |
| JEL: | E31 E32 E52 E58 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:bofrdp:344113 |
| By: | Marco Carli (Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance and Tor Vergata University); Francesca Diluiso (Bank of England); Mathias Hoffmann (Deutsche Bundesbank) |
| Abstract: | How should monetary policy respond to climate policy shocks? We develop an Environmental New-Keynesian model with green and fossil energy to assess the macroeconomic impacts of carbon pricing and green subsidy shocks and to identify the optimal monetary policy responses. Our findings indicate that these shocks create a policy trade-off between stabilizing inflation and the output gap. This trade-off is resolved in favor of output-gap stabilization, with optimal monetary policy focusing on dampening real output fluctuations while temporarily looking through inflation movements. Dual mandate Taylor rules yield lower welfare costs than inflation-only targeting rules and align the welfare performances of core and headline inflation targeting regimes. |
| Keywords: | Climate policy;E-DSGE models;monetary policy trade-offs;supply shocks. |
| JEL: | E31 E52 Q43 Q58 |
| Date: | 2026–10–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:boe:boeewp:023787 |
| By: | Antonio León |
| Abstract: | The rise of culturally conservative politicians has been one of the most consequential political developments of recent decades. In large emerging democracies, this trend has coincided with significant reductions in poverty, partly driven by improvements in the allocation of labor. This paper hypothesizes that the reallocation of labor toward large firms—by fostering the growth of a conservative middle class—can help explain the rise of the cultural right. To test this hypothesis, the paper leverages geocoded administrative data and differential exposure to the rise of large firms as employers in Brazil. The findings show substantial increases in support for the cultural right, driven by low-income conservatives who experience upward mobility. |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:not:notnic:2026-03 |
| By: | Schaller, Christian |
| Abstract: | Bereits vor Ausbruch des Iran-Kriegs bestand Streit darüber, ob die Straße von Hormus dem Regime der Transitdurchfahrt unterliegt oder ob dort - wie von Teheran vertreten - lediglich das Recht der friedlichen Durchfahrt gilt. Letzteres würde Iran weitergehende Eingriffsrechte gewähren. Unter keinem der beiden Regime darf die Durchfahrt jedoch von einer Genehmigung abhängig gemacht oder ausgesetzt werden; auch ist es Iran in keinem Fall gestattet, von ausländischen Schiffen Gebühren für die Passage zu erheben. Nach Maßgabe des Seekriegsrechts können militärische Handlungen in internationalen Meerengen zwar zulässig sein. Die faktische Sperrung der Straße von Hormus findet darin jedoch keine Grundlage. Auch aus dem Recht auf Selbstverteidigung lässt sich in diesem Fall keine Rechtfertigung für ein solches Vorgehen ableiten. Bei einem nachhaltigen Waffenstillstand soll eine multinationale Marinemission unter Beteiligung Deutschlands den Handelsschiffsverkehr in der Straße von Hormus schützen und dort Minenräumungen durchführen. Voraussetzung für einen solchen Einsatz ist eine tragfähige völkerrechtliche Grundlage. Im Übrigen wird es darauf ankommen, Versuchen Irans entgegenzutreten, die Durchfahrt durch die Straße von Hormus künftig einem Gebührensystem zu unterwerfen. Hierfür bedarf es einer breiten Staatenkoalition, die geschlossen für die Geltung und Durchsetzung des Seerechts eintritt und Teheran unmissverständlich verdeutlicht, dass einseitige Beschränkungen der Transitdurchfahrt keine internationale Anerkennung finden werden. |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:swpstu:344082 |
| By: | Harald Oberhofer (Department of Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business); Zhenyi Wang (Department of Economics, Vienna University of Economics and Business) |
| Abstract: | This paper quantifies how the construction of trade data shapes trade policy estimates in structural gravity models. Using 14 widely employed trade datasets and alternative sample restrictions, we generate 643 estimates of the EU membership trade effect from a standard structural gravity specification. We then use these estimates in a meta-regression framework to identify how data and sample choices contribute to variation in the estimates. In a Shapley decomposition, the choices explain 69.1% of the variation, with the selection of a trade dataset alone accounting for 39.4% of the explained variation. We further distinguish between decisions that affect the measurement of a common estimand and those that alter the underlying economic margin. Including domestic trade flows increases the estimated EU membership effect by 21.2 percentage points on average and nearly doubles the implied expenditure-weighted welfare gain in a four-sector general equilibrium model. Finally, we relate differences in data generating processes across datasets to estimated trade effects, showing that trade data construction is a first-order determinant of structural gravity results. This implies that conclusions from gravity based policy evaluations are sensitive to data choices and require explicit consideration of data construction as part of the empirical identification. |
| Keywords: | Trade policy estimates, Data construction, EU membership trade effect, Welfare implication |
| JEL: | F13 F14 F15 C81 C83 |
| Date: | 2026–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wiw:wiwwuw:wuwp398 |
| By: | Luigi de Pascale (DiMal - Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica [Firenze] - UniFI - Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence = Université de Florence); Paul Pegon (MOKAPLAN - Méthodes numériques pour le problème de Monge-Kantorovich et Applications en sciences sociales - CEREMADE - CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Centre Inria de Paris - Inria - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique, CEREMADE - CEntre de REcherches en MAthématiques de la DEcision - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we study the connection between cyclic quasi-monotonicity and quasi-convexity, focusing on whether every cyclically quasi-monotone (possibly multi-valued) map is included in the normal cone operator of a quasi-convex function, in analogy with Rockafellar's theorem for convex functions. We provide a positive answer for locally Lipschitz, non-vanishing maps in any dimension, as well as for general multi-maps in dimension 1. We further discuss connections to revealed preference theory in economics and to L᪲ optimal transport. Finally, we present explicit constructions and examples, highlighting the main challenges that arise in the general case. |
| Keywords: | revealed preference, convex analysis, L ∞ optimal transport, optimal transport, quasi-convexity, quasi-monotonicity |
| Date: | 2026–09–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05160124 |
| By: | Pierre Dal Zotto (EESC-GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management); Stéphanie Gauttier (EESC-GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management) |
| Abstract: | Alors que l'IA générative (genAI) s'intègre progressivement aux activités managériales, la création de valeur associée à ces usages demeure difficile à stabiliser dans les organisations. Cet article conceptualise le prompt comme une médiation technologique : sa formulation structure la définition des situations de travail, l'orientation de l'attention et l'exercice du jugement managérial face aux productions de la genAI. Ce médiation, souvent hétérogène dans les pratiques, peut être délibérément designée sans être entièrement déterminée. Nous introduisons CREATE (Context–Role–Example–Ask–Tool–Evaluate) comme un cadre de design de la médiation entre managers, tâches et genAI. Analysé comme artefact médiateur et comme objet frontière, CREATE fournit une structure commune permettant la mise en discussion, la comparabilité et la coordination des médiations, tout en autorisant des appropriations locales. Ce work in progress ouvre ainsi un programme de recherche sur la stabilisation et la gouvernabilité des usages managériaux de la genAI. |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:hal-05789309 |
| By: | Pierre Dal Zotto (EESC-GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management); Stéphanie Gauttier (EESC-GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management) |
| Abstract: | Alors que l'IA générative (genAI) s'intègre progressivement aux activités managériales, la création de valeur associée à ces usages demeure difficile à stabiliser dans les organisations. Cet article conceptualise le prompt comme une médiation technologique : sa formulation structure la définition des situations de travail, l'orientation de l'attention et l'exercice du jugement managérial face aux productions de la genAI. Ce médiation, souvent hétérogène dans les pratiques, peut être délibérément designée sans être entièrement déterminée. Nous introduisons CREATE (Context–Role–Example–Ask–Tool–Evaluate) comme un cadre de design de la médiation entre managers, tâches et genAI. Analysé comme artefact médiateur et comme objet frontière, CREATE fournit une structure commune permettant la mise en discussion, la comparabilité et la coordination des médiations, tout en autorisant des appropriations locales. Ce work in progress ouvre ainsi un programme de recherche sur la stabilisation et la gouvernabilité des usages managériaux de la genAI. |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05789309 |
| By: | Marc Raffinot (Université Paris Dauphine, LEDa DIAL, PSL); Fabrice Yidalpin Oyo Badolo (Laboratoire d’Économie Appliquée (LABEA), Université Norbert Zongo (Koudougou/Burkina Faso)) |
| Abstract: | Cet article étudie l’effet des émissions d’euro-obligations sur la gouvernance dans les pays d’Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 2005-2024. Tout un courant de pensée met l’accent sur la « discipline de marché », la surveillance des investisseurs étant supposée conduire à une meilleure gestion financière et institutionnelle. À l’aide d'un modèle en panel à effets fixes contrôlant l’endogénéité de la politique d’endettement régionale et de l’efficacité gouvernementale, nous montrons que l’émission d’eurobonds affiche une neutralité statistique quasi totale sur la trajectoire institutionnelle globale, malgré une impulsion de court terme sur le contrôle de la corruption et l’efficacité des pouvoirs publics. En revanche, les Eurobonds influencent significativement les indicateurs macroéconomiques du CPIA liés à la gestion financière et d’endettement à l’échelle de la région. À l’inverse, au sein de l’UEMOA, l’accès aux marchés financiers internationaux induit un impact positif et systémique. Si la politique budgétaire pure y reste insensible, la qualité de la gestion financière et monétaire et la politique d’endettement affichent une amélioration très significative, consolidée à long terme. Cette dynamique s’accompagne d’une progression durable de l’État de droit, de la qualité de la réglementation et du contrôle de la corruption. Ces résultats démontrent que la discipline de marché n’est pas une force universelle autonome, mais un mécanisme endogène dont l’efficacité dépend étroitement de la complémentarité avec des contraintes monétaires et des règles budgétaires communautaires préexistantes. This article examines the impact of Eurobond issuance on governance in sub-Saharan African countries over the 2005-2024 period. A substantial body of literature emphasizes "market discipline, " suggesting that investor scrutiny leads to better financial and institutional management. Using a fixed-effects panel model that controls for the endogeneity of regional debt policy and government effectiveness, we show that Eurobond issuance is characterized by near-total statistical neutrality regarding the region's overall institutional trajectory, despite a short-lived positive pulse on corruption control and government effectiveness. Conversely, Eurobonds significantly influence regional CPIA macroeconomic indicators related to financial management and debt policy. In sharp contrast, within the WAEMU, access to international capital markets yields a positive and systemic impact. While pure fiscal policy remains unaffected, both the quality of financial and monetary management and debt policy display highly significant improvements that strengthen over the long term. This dynamic is paired with a durable progression in the rule of law, regulatory quality, and corruption control. These findings demonstrate that market discipline is not an autonomous, universal force; rather, it is an endogenous mechanism whose effectiveness strictly depends on its complementarity with pre-existing monetary constraints and regional fiscal rules. |
| Keywords: | Eurobonds, Gouvernance, Afrique subsaharienne, Discipline de marché, sub-Saharan Africa, market discipline, governance |
| JEL: | F21 F34 G15 O55 |
| Date: | 2026–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:dia:wpaper:dt202606 |
| By: | Amel Charleux (MRM - Montpellier Research in Management - UPVD - Université de Perpignan Via Domitia - UM - Université de Montpellier); Veronique Sanguinetti (toudoire) (LARSH - Laboratoire de Recherche Sociétés & Humanités - UPHF - Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France - INSA Hauts-De-France - INSA Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Hauts-de-France - INSA - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées) |
| Abstract: | Business models ouverts, communautés et création de sens : une approche par les cadres cognitifs |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05789295 |
| By: | Masaru Inaba; Takeo Hori; Keiichi Kishi; Shiba Suzuki |
| Abstract: | The successive creation of new assets generates bubbles in dividend-yielding assets. Because assets that have not yet been created cannot be traded in advance, arbitrage between existing and future assets is limited. Consequently, the prices of newly created assets may deviate from their fundamental values, resulting in asset bubbles. However, if no new assets are created, or if future assets can be traded, arbitrage trading eliminates these bubbles. |
| Date: | 2026–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cnn:wpaper:26-018e |
| By: | González-Jiménez, Paulina; Barriga Ortiz, Pablo Andres; Berrones-Flemmig, Claudia Nelly; Nouri-Fritsche, Neda |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the potential of the German tourism market to support Sustainable Indigenous Tourism (SIT) in Mexico. Against a backdrop of growing global demand for transformative, values-driven travel, Mexico's reliance on mass tourism has generated severe environmental degradation and the marginalization of indigenous communities. Sustainable Indigenous Tourism-defined by indigenous ownership, cultural preservation, and community-led economic empowerment-offers a systemic alternative aligned with ethical consumption and sustainability goals. Grounded in an integrative theoretical framework combining the Theory of Planned Behavior, Theory of Consumption Values, and Past Behavior, this mixed-methods research examines German travelers' interest and willingness to pay (WTP) for SIT experiences. Quantitative findings from a structured survey of 204 respondents, analyzed via multiple regression and exploratory factor analysis, reveal that perceived value (Ø = 0.525, p |
| Keywords: | Sustainable Indigenous Tourism, Willingness to Pay, German Tourism Market, Mexico, Macromarketing |
| JEL: | M O Q Z |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:iubhbm:344087 |
| By: | Carlo A. Favero, Alessandro Melone, Sean Myers, Andrea Tamoni |
| Abstract: | Aggregate stock prices and aggregate consumption share a common stochastic trend. We estimate this long-run relation in real time and recover a price–consumption cycle that captures transitory deviations of stock prices from their consumption-implied value. These deviations mean-revert over business-cycle horizons and predict future returns on the aggregate market and characteristics sorted portfolios, both in- and out-of-sample, from one quarter to two years ahead. The cycle does not forecast consumption growth, but contains information about future dividend growth, and its return-predictive power disappears when consumption is excluded from the long-run relation. A simple model with permanent and transitory consumption shocks rationalizes these findings. The evidence identifies consumption as a macroeconomic anchor for asset prices and departures from this anchor as a source of time-varying expected returns. |
| Keywords: | Consumption Levels, Cointegration, Time-Varying Equity Premium, Return Predictability |
| JEL: | C22 E32 E44 G12 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:baf:cbafwp:cbafwp26287 |
| By: | Eun Kim (Resimanor) |
| Abstract: | This research note documents a reconstructed regional time series of South Korea Housing and Urban Guarantee Corporation (HUG) presale-guarantee issuance records covering 2009 through the first half of 2026. The verified source contains 818 observations. The note preserves negative source values and missing regional observations rather than silently replacing them, and separately flags an ambiguous 2023 Q4 region label. For clearly classified standard regions, annual guarantee-issuance totals are 1, 033, 193 hundred-million won in 2023, 748, 890 in 2024, and 602, 194 in 2025; 2026 covers only the first two quarters and totals 431, 426. These figures are guarantee issuance records, not apartment transaction values, completed contract amounts, or average presale prices. The note is intended as a reproducible housing-finance and data-quality reference rather than a causal market analysis. |
| Keywords: | South Korea, HUG, presale guarantee, housing finance, regional housing market, data quality, time series |
| JEL: | G28 R31 R38 C81 |
| Date: | 2026–10–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gyv:resfin:2 |
| By: | Bossenbroek, Lisa |
| Abstract: | Gender mainstreaming in the water sector has gained increasing attention in international and national governance frameworks, yet its translation into meaningful change for women and in gender relations more broadly, in a context where both institutional arrangements and accelerating climate change are intensifying challenges around water access, control, use, and governance, remains a persistent challenge. This report examines this gap in the Moroccan context, focusing on two complementary entry points: an overview of gender mainstreaming efforts and institutional advances in the water and irrigation sectors; and the everyday realities of women farmers and cooperative members in the oasis regions of Boudnib and the Drâa Valley. Combining document analysis and institutional interviews with in-depth fieldwork, the study asks whether and how national gender mainstreaming commitments translate into tangible shifts in women's water access, livelihoods, and decision-making power on the ground. The findings point to a more nuanced picture. Morocco has made genuine institutional progress: gender is now formally embedded in constitutional principles, water law, sectoral strategies, and national planning instruments, and donor-financed irrigation projects have demonstrated that integrated gender approaches can yield concrete results. Yet these gains remain fragile, often conditional on external support or on the commitment of individual champions within institutions, a dependence that poses significant risks to their sustainability. Outside donor-supported projects, gender analysis is often absent from programme design, and formal inclusion, such as in land programmes, cooperatives, or training schemes, does not automatically translate into effective control over water, labour, or decisions. Many adaptive initiatives are shaped as much by women's own agency as by the institutional programmes formally available to support them, whose reach remains uneven and frequently contingent on literacy, mobility, and institutional connections. Deeper structural constraints, including historical exclusion from water governance bodies, the growing individualisation of groundwater access, and socio-cultural norms that limit women's recognition as farmers and irrigators, remain insufficiently taken into account by current approaches. The report concludes with five recommendations calling for stronger institutional anchoring, cross-sectoral coordination, reformed empowerment indicators, and a gradual reduction of dependence on donor financing. |
| Keywords: | Water, gender, irrigation, North Africa, Morocco, oases, rural development, women in agriculture, climate change |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:diedps:344085 |
| By: | Peter Lindner (Economic Analysis Division); Thomas Y. Mathä; Maximilian Propst (Oesterreichische Nationalbank); Giuseppe Pulina; Michael Ziegelmeyer |
| Abstract: | This paper studies how households react when property prices change. Using a randomised survey experiment in Austria, it shows that lower prices raise renters’ willingness to buy and higher prices raise owners’ willingness to sell. A dynamic model for renters helps explain these choices: the bigger the gap between a renter’s reservation price and the offered price, the more likely the offer is accepted. Overall, willingness to transact remains limited. |
| Keywords: | Household Finance, Tenure, Property, Randomised Control Trial, HFCS |
| JEL: | D14 E43 G21 R21 |
| Date: | 2026–10–07 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:onb:oenbwp:283 |
| By: | Michele Battisti; Giovanni Peri; Eleonora Romano |
| Abstract: | Immigration affects natives through both labor markets and public budgets, yet these channels are usually studied separately. We combine them in a general-equilibrium model with search-and-matching frictions, skill-specific progressive labor taxes, capital taxation and public goods, calibrated to 17 OECD countries over 2015-2019. The welfare effect on natives of a one-percentage-point increase in immigrant inflows varies in sign and size across countries, hinging on immigrants' skill mix, immigrant-native wage gaps, resident unemployment, and tax progressivity. For inflows matching the skill composition of 2019-2024 arrivals, native welfare rises in 14 of 17 economies, and in most cases both skill groups gain, through different channels. Lower-skilled natives gain mainly from higher pre-tax earnings, driven by job creation and complementarity with skilled immigrants; higher-skilled natives gain mainly from lower labor-tax burdens. Evaluating immigration policy thus requires modeling labor-market and fiscal channels jointly: either channel alone gives an incomplete picture of who gains and why. |
| JEL: | E24 F22 H20 J61 |
| Date: | 2026–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:35901 |
| By: | Garret Christensen; John Voorheis |
| Abstract: | We measure the effects of housing quality and living in renter- versus owner-occupied housing as a child on later life outcomes. Homeownership is the primary source of most US households’ wealth, and homeownership and housing quality potentially have large impacts on children, yet we know relatively little about any long-term effects. Ownership and housing quality are correlated with income, neighborhood characteristics, and many other socioeconomic characteristics, making causal estimation difficult. Using the US Census Bureau’s data linkage infrastructure, we create a new data linkage between the American Housing Survey (1995-2002) and administrative tax data (2016-2019), to investigate adult outcomes such as earnings and having a mortgage or owning a home, while comprehensively controlling for a wide variety of variables, including housing quality. We find strong positive correlations with growing up in a parent-owned home, approximately $2, 000 higher incomes and a 6 percentage point increased likelihood of ownership. However, we find no evidence of causal effects: unobservables that are significantly less correlated with outcome and treatment than observables would drive the coefficients of interest to zero, and family fixed effects models that compare siblings to each other show no effect of years of childhood spent in an owned home or being born into an owned home. |
| Date: | 2026–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cen:wpaper:26-54 |
| By: | Philippe Tanchoux (UO - Université d'Orléans); Selom Koffi (Nantes Univ - Nantes Université) |
| Abstract: | This research paper examines territorial markers in terms of the legal tools of trademark law. In addition, it considers the marketing challenges faced by French territories, particularly in terms of their use of trademarks, given that most of the time there is a real difficulty in defining the boundaries of this concept. There is, indeed, no explicit definition of a territorial brand: the notion often combines a number of legal or regulatory elements relating to trade and tourism law and communication (I). However, in the current absence of a systematisation of markers or of a structured policy, the marking of tourist destinations is often superimposed on and confused with a whole series of other previously established signs, which makes it difficult to differentiate their respective purposes (II). This phenomenon is exacerbated by the confusion caused by the employment or use, often erroneously, of two key marketing concepts by the various players who manage the area: the label and the brand. This observation highlights the need to clarify these two concepts and to develop an approach based on historical elements in order to examine the identity and unifying role of the different markers and their anchorage in the legal system. The Centre-Val de Loire region in general, and to a certain extent the Pays de la Loire, is our field of study. Ultimately, this work highlights the need for a more thorough education of regional managers and marketing agencies, as well as the importance of a change in the law to better systematise these markers, and to limit the distortions between the markers and the geographical and cultural reality of the regions concerned. |
| Abstract: | Cet article de recherche interroge les marqueurs territoriaux au regard des outils juridiques du droit des marques. Par ailleurs, il prend en compte les enjeux des territoires français en termes de marketing, notamment sur leurs recours aux marques, avec la plupart du temps une réelle difficulté à cerner les contours de ce concept. En effet, la marque territoriale ne fait pas l'objet d'une définition explicite. Elle assimile souvent de nombreux éléments juridiques ou réglementaires en matière de droit et de communication du commerce et du tourisme (I). Cependant, en l'absence actuelle d'une systématisation des marqueurs et d'une politique structurée, le marquage des destinations touristiques se superpose et se confond souvent avec toute une série de signes précédemment établis, ce qui rend difficile la différenciation de leurs finalités respectives (II). Ce phénomène est accentué par la confusion engendrée par la mobilisation ou l'utilisation, souvent à tort, de deux concepts clés du marketing par les différents acteurs qui gèrent le territoire : le label et la marque. Un tel constat introduit la nécessité de clarifier ces deux concepts et de développer une approche fondée sur des éléments historiques afin d'interroger l'identité et le rôle fédérateur des différents marqueurs et leur ancrage dans le système juridique. La région Centre-Val de Loire en général, et dans une certaine mesure les Pays de la Loire constituent notre terrain d'études. In fine, ce travail met en évidence la nécessité d'une acculturation approfondie des responsables territoriaux et des agences de marketing, ainsi que l'importance d'une évolution du droit pour mieux systématiser ces marqueurs, et pour limiter les distorsions entre les marqueurs et la réalité géographique et culturelle des territoires concernés. |
| Keywords: | droit, histoire, indications géographiques, marketing territorial, management public, marque, marque territoriale, territoire, tourisme |
| Date: | 2025–06–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05783390 |
| By: | Payal Malik (Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations); Nikita Jain; Bhargavee Das; Shiva Kanwar |
| Abstract: | Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) is increasingly shaping the architecture through which governments deliver public services, with digital identity, interoperable payments, data-sharing frameworks and other common digital rails enabling services to operate at greater scale. This report examines whether and how DPI can represent a paradigmatic shift in public service delivery, moving beyond the digitisation of existing processes towards systems that are more accessible, inclusive, efficient and secure. The report uses a novel framework to analyse two quite different cases: Direct Benefit Transfer, a welfare programme that runs on top of India's foundational DPI, and the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, a sectoral DPI built specifically for health. Each has been analysed alongside Australia’s experience. It considers the evolution of these systems, their institutional and technological architecture, and the opportunities and challenges that emerge as they operate at scale, with particular attentio to inclusion and last-mile access, efficiency and outcomes, security and resilience, and the role of public and private actors. |
| Keywords: | DPI, PDS, Ayushman Bharat, cybersecurity, Healthcare, India, Australia, icrier |
| Date: | 2026–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:report:26-r-24 |
| By: | Castro, Carolina; Chiarella, Cristina; Laajaj, Rachid; Martinez-Gonzalez, Eduard F.; Restrepo, Juan |
| Abstract: | Implemented between 2012 and 2023 across 203 post-conflict municipalities in Colombia, the TOP-El Campo Emprende project aimed to strengthen rural livelihoods through a comprehensive, integrated approach. The project focused on promoting enterprise development by building the capacities of local productive organizations, fostering entrepreneurship, and providing technical assistance. The project also sought to enhance rural financial inclusion by offering financial education, savings incentives, and youth-targeted financial innovations to reduce economic vulnerability. This impact assessment of the project was conducted using a Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) to estimate causal effects. The analysis is based on household survey data collected across 47 municipalities between June and July 2023. |
| Keywords: | Community/Rural/Urban Development |
| Date: | 2025–07–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ags:unadia:413160 |
| By: | Maxime Desmarais-Tremblay (BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - AgroParisTech - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) - Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement) |
| Abstract: | How should we understand the widespread opposition to carbon taxes? Economists studying the acceptability of climate policies start from a conception of the individual that is too narrow to fully answer this question. First, I propose to review the history and epistemological foundations of the standard conception of the agent in economics. This conception does not take into account the diversity of values expressed by individuals in their choices and actions. Second, I sketch an alternative conception proposed by American philosopher Elizabeth Anderson (1993). Third, with this pluralist and expressivist conception of values in mind, I raise the question of individual responsibility in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. I argue that any sound understanding of the challenges of the ecological transition should pay attention to social norms and the ways they structure expectations for the good life against which people express their values. Fourth, I discuss the importance of equity, equality, and justice for understanding the popular reaction to climate policies. |
| Abstract: | Comment comprendre l'opposition généralisée à la taxation du carbone ? Les économistes qui s'intéressent aux déterminants de l'acceptabilité des politiques climatiques partent d'une conception trop simplifiée de l'individu pour répondre à cette question. Dans un premier temps, je propose de revenir sur l'histoire et les fondements épistémologiques de la conception standard de l'agent en économie. Celle-ci ne tient pas compte de la diversité des valeurs exprimées par les individus dans leurs choix et leurs actions. Dans un deuxième temps, je présente brièvement les contours d'une conception alternative proposée par Elizabeth Anderson (1993) dans un ouvrage majeur, pourtant méconnu du public francophone. À l'aune de cette conception pluraliste et expressiviste, je soulève dans un troisième temps la question de la responsabilité individuelle dans la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Sans apporter de réponse définitive, je défends l'idée que la compréhension des défis de la transition requiert de porter une attention particulière aux normes sociales et à la façon dont elles structurent les attentes qui conditionnent les valeurs exprimées par les individus. Dans un quatrième temps, je tire quelques implications en termes de politiques publiques. Je mets l'accent sur l'importance des valeurs d'équité, d'égalité et de justice dans l'appréhension de la réaction aux propositions de politiques climatiques. |
| Keywords: | Ecological transition, Equity, Economic agent, Values in economics, Transition climatique, Equité, Agent économique, Valeurs |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05794092 |
| By: | Jean-Eric Pelet (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes - Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université); Basma Taieb (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - Nantes Univ - IAE Nantes - Nantes Université - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - Nantes Université - pôle Sociétés - Nantes Univ - Nantes Université, DVRC - De Vinci Research Center - DVHE - De Vinci Higher Education) |
| Abstract: | This exploratory research investigates the transformative role of the edu-metaverse in relation to Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) principles. Based on a qualitative analysis of 17 student interviews, the study examines how this immersive virtual environment can transform educational experiences. The findings uncover four main categories of benefits: social integration (facilitated collaboration), personal integration (enhanced self-expression through avatars), cognitive benefits (improved understanding via immersion), and hedonic benefits (more enjoyable learning). The research highlights the critical role of avatars and the Proteus effect in reducing social anxiety and fostering a sense of belonging. It concludes that intentionally designing the edu-metaverse around DEI principles amplifies these perceived benefits and is a key lever for creating truly inclusive, engaging, and equitable learning environments. The study offers theoretical contributions and practical implications for educators and institutions. |
| Abstract: | Cette recherche exploratoire examine le rôle transformateur de l'édu-métavers en lien avec les principes de Diversité, Équité et Inclusion (DEI). À partir d'une analyse qualitative de 17 entretiens menés auprès d'étudiants, l'étude identifie comment cet environnement virtuel immersif peut transformer les expériences éducatives. Les résultats révèlent quatre catégories principales d'avantages : l'intégration sociale (collaboration facilitée), l'intégration personnelle (expression de soi renforcée via les avatars), les bénéfices cognitifs (compréhension améliorée par l'immersion) et les bénéfices hédoniques (apprentissage plus ludique). L'étude souligne le rôle crucial des avatars et de l'effet Proteus pour atténuer l'anxiété sociale et promouvoir un sentiment d'appartenance. Elle conclut que la conception délibérée de l'édu-métavers autour des principes DEI amplifie ces avantages perçus et constitue un levier essentiel pour créer des environnements d'apprentissage véritablement inclusifs, engageants et équitables. |
| Keywords: | perceived benefits, DEI, inclusion, equity, diversity, Edu-metaverse, équité, avantages perçus, diversité, Edu-métavers |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05794990 |
| By: | Ibrahim Alshehri; Ryan Banerjee; Michael Chui; Anna Maddux; Ko Munakata; Fabrizio Zampolli |
| Abstract: | Rising geopolitical tensions, including trade restrictions and conflicts, are increasingly disrupting global supply chains, posing significant risks at critical chokepoints. Strong substitution effects and the use of inventories have helped to mitigate adverse output effects of chokepoint disruptions, but they often come at the cost of higher input prices. An effective policy response to chokepoint disruptions requires a tailored approach that takes account of the cause, centrality and the private sector’s ability to substitute and draw on buffers. |
| Date: | 2026–10–15 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bis:bisblt:138 |
| By: | Solene Juteau (Métis Lab EM Normandie - EM Normandie - École de Management de Normandie = EM Normandie Business School, GREDEG - Groupe de Recherche en Droit, Economie et Gestion - UNS - Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UniCA - Université Côte d'Azur); Floriane Godard |
| Abstract: | La recherche sur les violences entre partenaires intimes (VPI) et numérique se concentrent sur les victimes ou sur les technologies. Sur la base de dix entretiens avec des professionnels de l'écosystème (police, travailleurs sociaux, professionnels de santé), cette étude en cours examine les défaillances de coordination au sein d'écosystèmes multi-acteurs (forces de l'ordre, associations, hôpitaux), en s'appuyant sur les inerties et affordances des outils numériques. Nous identifions les affordances clés (par exemple, les alertes rapides, les chats sécurisés) qui permettent d'apporter un soutien, contrastées par les inerties (résistance socio-technique, stigmatisation cognitive, écarts économiques) qui entravent la mise en œuvre tout au long du cycle de la VPI. Nos résultats révèlent que l'efficacité ne repose pas seulement sur la technologie, mais sur l'attention portée aux défaillances au sein de l'écosystème tout au long du cycle. |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05789294 |
| By: | Ana Melissa Ferreira; Pedro Brinca; João Duarte; João Pereira; Pedro Martins |
| Abstract: | While pay transparency is an increasingly popular policy to reduce the gender wage gap (GWG), its effectiveness is still unclear. We evaluate the impact of a 2018 law in Portugal that required firms to assess their potential gender wage disparities, while imposing penalties to firms of 250 or more employees that did not correct or justify gender gaps. Using difference-in-difference-in-differences, regression discontinuity, and difference-in-discontinuity methods, together with detailed matched data, we find that the transparency reform had a minimal impact to reduced the GWG by around 1 percentage point (p.p.). These effects are particularly strong in firms that employ high-skilled females, and for employees that are not covered by collective bargaining, where the impacts rise to 1.5 p.p.. This effect is not associated with employment effects. |
| JEL: | J16 J31 J78 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ptu:wpaper:w202610 |
| By: | Oded Galor; Luca Pensieroso; Daniel C. Wainstock |
| Abstract: | How could inequality between social classes have ever persisted during the Malthusian epoch, as affluence led to greater reproductive success, diluting inherited wealth and narrowing disparities over time? This paper uncovers the Paradox of Inequality, establishes its robust theoretical foundations, and provides its resolution. The analysis suggests that elites’ lavish, nonproductive displays of status inadvertently diverted resources from reproduction, limiting the dilution of inherited wealth and sustaining inequality across generations. Ironically, extravagance preserved the wealth it seemed to squander. |
| Keywords: | inequality, Malthusian epoch, conspicuous consumption, fertility, paradox |
| JEL: | O10 Z10 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_13052 |
| By: | Skander Lejmi |
| Abstract: | A market maker provides liquidity by quoting prices to buy and sell an asset, earning the spread while managing inventory risk. We study market makers trained with multi-agent reinforcement learning on prediction markets, specifically Polymarket, whose thin order books pose distinct challenges. Three challenges underpin this research: adverse selection may cause a policy trained on real data to stop quoting; the consequences of a quote can arrive many steps after the action; and prediction-market L2 data does not identify individual orders needed for simulation. We address these challenges by reconstructing order-level LOBSTER-format data from Polymarket and training agents in JaxMARL-HFT on 417 real markets. We enrich the baseline market maker's observation space with the book and recent flow, redesign its actions and inventory controls, and propose a cooperative multi-agent decomposition into a quoter and a risk manager trained using recurrent Independent Proximal Policy Optimisation (IPPO) with RNN policies. We investigate reward shaping, particularly reward blending and post-fill markout, to mitigate credit-assignment difficulties between the agents. Our redesigned single-agent market maker quotes more frequently and incurs smaller held-out losses than the retrained JaxMARL-HFT baseline, although the contributions of jointly changed observations, actions and risk constraints are not separately identified. Decomposition alone performs poorly; careful reward design substantially improves the desk relative to the unshaped split and yields our best result. Models are evaluated on realised end-of-episode portfolio value on held-out markets. None establishes positive average portfolio value in periodic held-out evaluation, and each configuration was trained with one seed. The environment, data and protocol lay a foundation for makers that quote many linked markets at once. |
| Date: | 2026–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2610.26789 |
| By: | Mohamed Amir Omezzine (EESC-GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management); Maissa Obay |
| Abstract: | This study investigates how adaptive learning systems, powered by Bayesian Knowledge Tracing and augmented with physiological monitoring, regulate cognitive effort and engagement across digital and non-digital quiz formats. We introduce the Cognitive Elasticity Model, extending Flow Theory and Cognitive Load Theory, to conceptualize how adaptive systems stretch learner effort toward an optimal zone of engagement. A mixed-methods design combines a controlled experiment (N = 180) with Q methodology to map subjective learner profiles across three quiz modalities: adaptive Moodle, static Moodle, and paper-based. Physiological indicators—EEG (frontal theta/alpha ratio) and ECG (heart rate variability)—complement self-reports of flow, cognitive load, and stress. Q-sorting reveals distinct engagement-effort configurations, offering new insight into how learners perceive and respond to adaptive systems. Our contribution is both theoretical—refining non-linear models of cognitive regulation—and pedagogical—proposing a replicable framework for mediating scientific insight into classroom decision-making through neuro-instrumentation and learner-centered profiling. |
| Date: | 2026–05–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05789339 |
| By: | Curtis, Panayiotis; Sdrali, Despina; Apostolopoulos, Constantinos |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a value-based framework for assessing tourism destination competitiveness, moving beyond volume-driven metrics that fail to capture long-term value, capital efficiency, and resilience. Drawing on research from 2000-2021, it integrates financial analysis with strategic management and sustainability governance. Competitiveness is defined through the interaction of three dimensions of capital efficiency, strategic positioning and adaptability in alignment with environmental, social and governance principles. The framework connects firm performance with sector dynamics and destination governance, offering a multi-level view of value creation. The analysis suggests that volume-driven models lead to inefficiency and lower resilience, whereas value-based strategies enhance long-term performance. The study proposes a unified analytical tool for Destination Management and Marketing Organizations (DMMOs) to support an effective and efficient decision making process for a sustainable and resilient tourism development |
| Keywords: | value-based competitiveness, capital productivity, destination governance, sustainability, resilience, ROTA-DuPont ratio |
| JEL: | Z32 Q56 D24 R11 |
| Date: | 2026 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:esconf:344151 |
| By: | Klink, Lizzie |
| Abstract: | This Comment examines the public policy exception contained in the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (the New York Convention) and argues that the treaty’s vague language and lack of uniform standards undermine its ability to provide the predictability and neutrality that make international commercial arbitration attractive. As international commercial arbitration has become the preferred mechanism for resolving cross-border business disputes, confidence in the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards has become essential to the functioning of global commerce. The Comment traces the development of international commercial arbitration, the creation of the New York Convention, and the treaty’s implementation in the United States. It then analyzes how national courts have interpreted the Convention’s public policy exception, focusing on the differing approaches adopted by courts in the United States and France. While courts in both jurisdictions recognize that the exception should apply only in extraordinary circumstances, U.S. courts generally take a highly deferential approach that avoids reviewing the merits of arbitral awards, whereas French courts have increasingly undertaken more searching examinations of the factual and legal elements underlying the award. The Comment contends that these divergent approaches create uncertainty for parties seeking enforcement and weaken the Convention’s goal of promoting uniform treatment of international arbitral awards. To address these shortcomings, the Comment advocates modernization of the New York Convention through revisions that clarify the mandatory effect of valid defenses, expressly limit the public policy exception to international public policy, adopt a high threshold focused on fundamental principles of morality and justice, and define a constrained role for national courts reviewing enforcement actions. The Comment concludes that clarifying the public policy exception is necessary to preserve confidence in international commercial arbitration, reduce the influence of national judicial bias, and ensure the continued effectiveness of the New York Convention in an increasingly interconnected global economy. [This abstract was written by Microsoft Copilot, a generative artificial intelligence.] |
| Date: | 2026–10–08 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:lawarc:rju4m_v1 |
| By: | Arka P. Bandyopadhyay |
| Abstract: | I use a deep neural network (DNN) on a proprietary panel of commercial mortgages spanning 1998--2021 to separate liquidity-constrained default from strategic default -- two competing, observationally similar explanations for delinquency that are difficult to disentangle with standard parametric models. Conditional on delinquency, property income (net operating income, or NOI) is a more important determinant of the default rate than leverage (loan-to-value, or LTV), despite LTV's status as the workhorse variable in the commercial mortgage default literature. I recover borrower motive from otherwise observationally equivalent delinquency states through a joint analysis of default rates across NOI and LTV buckets, and show that the resulting thresholds are stable across the 2008 financial crisis and the 2020--2021 COVID-19 shock to commercial real estate. Because commercial borrowers are firms rather than households, and because responsibility for a missed payment is diffused across an organization rather than borne by a single decision-maker, the moral and reputational frictions that discourage strategic default in the residential setting are attenuated -- making commercial mortgages a setting in which strategic behavior should be comparatively easier to detect, and comparatively costly to ignore for investors, servicers, and regulators. |
| Date: | 2026–09 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2610.23901 |
| By: | Amit Kumar; Anjali Singh |
| Abstract: | Technology is crucial for India to achieve its long-term development goals. With technological advancements, determining which technology is most effective for recycling electronic waste (e-waste) is crucial to minimising environmental impact in the recycling sector. Researchers employ multicriteria decision-making to assess the environmental implications of these continually evolving technologies (Zhou et al., 2006). Banta (2009), defines technology assessment as a policy study that examines the short- and long-term repercussions of technology adoption. The paper uses a Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) tool, the fuzzy-Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), for assessing the recycling technologies for e-waste. Pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and bio-metallurgy are the three major technologies being used for recycling critical, precious and strategic minerals from electronic waste (Alam et al., 2022). Potential technology which can be deployed in India are chosen based on technological, environmental, and economic (TEE) evaluation criteria which determine the technical efficiency, economic viability and environmental impact of considered technologies. The working paper presents a more precise, effective, and systematic decision-making matrix for decision makers (policy makers, start-ups and industry players) to conduct the assessment process and select environmentally sound and economically viable e-waste recycling technologies, considering the fact that the formal recycling sector is at nascent stage. |
| Keywords: | Circular Economy, e-waste recycling, Technology assessment framework, Multicriteria decision making, Fuzzy-TOPSIS, recycling technology, environmental impact, economic viability, icrier |
| Date: | 2026–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bdc:wpaper:438 |
| By: | Calderon Leon, Jorge Carlos; Chipana Calderon, Oliver Bevel; Montoya Camargo, Carlos; Paredes Huarcaya, Daniel Guillermo; Zeballos Castillo, Valentin Ricardo |
| Abstract: | La presente tesis aborda el problema de la rotación de personal de personal calificado de maquinaria pesada que ha sido considerado por la gerencia de la empresa minera MMG Las Bambas, ubicada en Apurímac, Perú, como de alta prioridad para ser abordado. A pesar de ser una empresa de clase mundial y ser reconocida por su tecnología avanzada y altos estándares de seguridad, la empresa enfrenta el desafío de mantener a sus operadores de maquinaria especializada. Esta rotación que se tiene en la empresa MMG a pesar de estar en indicadores aceptables genera costos significativos y afecta la productividad y como parte de un proceso de mejora continua se desea reducir estos indicadores de rotación. El propósito de la presente investigación es identificar los factores determinantes de la alta rotación de personal calificado y proponer estrategias para mitigar su impacto en la Gerencia de Mina de la empresa MMG. La metodología empleada incluye un enfoque cuantitativo mediante la aplicación de un modelo econométrico Logit para analizar datos de 951 trabajadores del nivel T que laboran en la mina, sin incluir en el análisis a los supervisores y gerentes. Entre las variables consideradas se encuentran la distancia a la ciudad de origen, el tipo de equipos operados, los años de experiencia, y el puntaje de desempeño. Este estudio permite medir el impacto que estas variables generan en la eficiencia operativa que lidera la Gerencia de Mina de MMG Las Bambas. Los resultados del análisis sugieren la implementación de políticas más flexibles de transporte para reducir el impacto del traslado, mejoras en la compensación económica e incentivos basados en productividad, el fortalecimiento del clima laboral y el establecimiento de canales efectivos de retroalimentación. Estimamos que, la aplicación de las medidas para minimizar la rotación de personal en la empresa MMG Las Bambas, lograra reducir costos, aumentar la productividad de sus operadores calificados y fortalecer la sostenibilidad de sus operaciones. Además, estas iniciativas contribuirán a retener el talento humano y optimizar la eficiencia en todas sus actividades inherentes al cargo. |
| Keywords: | Re-handle; Minería; Proyectos mineros; Operaciones mineras |
| JEL: | Q3 L72 |
| Date: | 2026–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ger:tesmgm:0020 |
| By: | Holden, Stein T. (Centre for Land Tenure Studies, Norwegian University of Life Sciences); Makate, Clifton (Centre for Land Tenure Studies, Norwegian University of Life Sciences) |
| Abstract: | Land rental markets allow households to adjust the area they cultivate without changing ownership, but the direction of this adjustment under increasing land scarcity remains contested. We examine whether rental-mediated expansion in Ethiopia is associated with relatively larger local ownership holdings (ownership-scale gravity) or with complementary productive resources relative to land endowments (factor-ratio gravity). Using three rounds of the Ethiopia LSMS-ISA household panel (2011/12–2015/16), we construct upper-envelope ownership holdings to reduce the influence of instability in reported ownership and measure ownership rank within 𝑘𝑒𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑠. We distinguish tenant participation, rented-in area conditional on tenancy, and rented-in area relative to ownership. Higher local ownership rank is negatively associated with tenant participation and proportional land rental adjustment. Its association with conditional absolute rented-in area is weakly positive and becomes statistically insignificant when contemporaneous hired-labor use and credit access are included. Cultivation capacity (oxen ownership) is positively associated with all three outcomes, and its association diminishes as ownership rank increases. The negative ownership-rank gradient in proportional adjustment persists under alternative treatments of very small ownership holdings. These findings are consistent with factor-ratio gravity facilitating land rental expansion among relatively smaller owners, rather than a uniform pattern of expansion toward larger landowners. |
| Keywords: | agricultural transformation; land rental markets; farm size distribution; reverse tenancy; land scarcity; Ethiopia |
| JEL: | C12 O13 O15 Q15 |
| Date: | 2026–10–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nlsclt:2026_009 |
| By: | Nilsson, Magnus (Department of Business Administration, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | This paper ties together two literatures which explain regional anchoring from different perspectives. One is based on the role of large organizations in anchoring an industry in a region, the other is systemic and deals with anchoring processes that circulate and embed knowledge. Each leaves implicit what the other explains. The aim is to understand how anchor effects and regional anchoring capacity interact across different regional contexts. Illustrative cases from three Swedish regions show how the two both diverge from and reinforce each other, anchor without anchoring and anchoring without an anchor, depending on regional configuration and anchor control. |
| Keywords: | Anchor firms; Anchoring; External control; Resilience; Periphery |
| JEL: | L22 R11 R58 |
| Date: | 2026–10–20 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lucirc:2026_013 |