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on Unemployment, Inequality and Poverty |
| By: | Bassier, Ihsaan; Manning, Alan; Petrongolo, Barbara |
| Abstract: | We estimate the elasticity of vacancy duration with respect to posted wages, using data from the near-universe of online job adverts in the United Kingdom. Our research design leverages firm-level wage policies that are plausibly exogenous to hiring difficulties on specific job vacancies, and controls for job and marketlevel fixed-effects. Wage policies are defined based on external information on pay settlements, or on sharp, internally-defined, firm-level changes. In our preferred specifications, we estimate duration elasticities in the range −3 to −5, which are substantially larger than the few existing estimates. |
| JEL: | J1 R14 J01 C1 |
| Date: | 2025–03–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:129488 |
| By: | Giorgia Menta (University of Luxembourg); Pietro Biroli (Institute for Fiscal Studies); Divya Mehta (Queensland University of Technology); Conchita D'Ambrosio (University of Luxembourg); Deborah Ann Cobb-Clark (Institute for Fiscal Studies) |
| Date: | 2025–10–14 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:25/45 |
| By: | Ernst Fehr; Julien Senn; Thomas Epper; Aljosha Henkel |
| Abstract: | In this registered report, we investigate (i) whether incentives affect subjects’ willingness to pay to increase, and to decrease the payoff of others, (ii) whether they affect the distribution of social preference types, and (iii) whether they affect the strength and the precision of individuals’ structurally estimated social preference parameters. Using an online experiment with a general population sample, we show that the use of monetary incentives, as well as the size of the stakes, have little impact on subjects’ modal choices (descriptive analysis), as well as for the distribution of qualitatively distinct preference types in the population (clustering analysis). However, monetary incentives affect quantitative measures of the strength and the precision of social preferences. Indeed, a structural analysis reveals that the preference elicitation with merely hypothetical stakes leads to an overestimation and a less precise measurement of social preferences. Together, these results highlight that incentivizing the elicitation of social preferences is most useful when interested in quantitative estimates. For researchers interested in identifying merely qualitative preferences types, however, hypothetical stakes might suffice. |
| Keywords: | Social preferences, altruism, inequality aversion, incentives |
| JEL: | C80 C90 D30 D63 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zur:econwp:482 |
| By: | Baktash, Mehrzad B. (University of Trier); Heywood, John S. (University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee); Jirjahn, Uwe (University of Trier) |
| Abstract: | Using German survey data, we show conflicting influences of performance pay on overall life satisfaction. The overall influence reflects a strong positive influence through domains of life satisfaction associated with the job (job satisfaction, individual earnings satisfaction and household earning satisfaction) and a strong negative influence through domains away from the job (health satisfaction, sleep satisfaction and family life satisfaction). This trade-off between work and home generalizes and helps explain many previous studies examining much more specific consequences of performance pay. Finally, controlling for the mediating role of the domains, the direct influence on life satisfaction is positive for women and insignificantly different from zero for men. |
| Keywords: | well-being, life satisfaction, performance pay, satisfaction domains, gender |
| JEL: | D10 J22 J33 M52 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18181 |
| By: | Bacher, Etienne (Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER)); Beine, Michel (University of Luxembourg); Rapoport, Hillel (Paris School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | We investigate the effect of anti-immigration attitudes on immigration plans to Europe. We propose a new instrument for attitudes toward immigration, namely, the number of country nationals killed in terrorist attacks taking place outside of Europe. Our first-stage results confirm that such terrorist attacks increase negative attitudes to immigration in the origin country of the victims. Our second-stage results then show that this higher hostility toward migrants decreases the attractiveness of the country for prospective immigrants. |
| Keywords: | anti-immigration attitudes, terrorism, immigration, Europe |
| JEL: | C1 F2 J1 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18192 |
| By: | Lemos, Sara (University of Leicester); Portes, Jonathan (King's College London) |
| Abstract: | We study the labour market impact of immigration to the United Kingdom, focusing on the large inflows following the 2004 EU enlargement. Using the Lifetime Labour Market Database (LLMDB)—a longitudinal 1% sample of National Insurance records—we provide the first analysis of immigration’s effects on employment and wages based on high-quality administrative microdata. Exploiting individual, area and time fixed effects, as well as area-time, individual-time and individual-area fixed effects, we reduce endogeneity concerns that have limited previous work. We find limited aggregate impacts, but distributional consequences: existing immigrants—particularly those who were young or low paid—experienced modest negative employment effects, while natives faced little evidence of displacement. For wages, impacts were mixed: existing immigrants overall gained, but low-paid immigrants lost. The results suggest labour market adjustment operated through both substitution and complementarities across groups. More broadly, we provide a methodological framework for analysing the much larger and more diverse post-2021 immigration flows. |
| Keywords: | wages, employment, immigration, Central and Eastern Europe, UK |
| JEL: | J22 C23 |
| Date: | 2025–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp18199 |