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on Unemployment, Inequality and Poverty |
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Issue of 2019‒10‒14
three papers chosen by |
| By: | Jenkins, Stephen P. |
| Abstract: | I address four topics: how our capacities to monitor poverty in Europe have improved substantially over recent decades; how progress on EU poverty reduction has been disappointing and why this has been; conceptual and measurement issues; and the future direction of EU-level anti-poverty actions. I follow in the footsteps of a giant – my perspectives are essentially elaborations of points made by Tony Atkinson. |
| Keywords: | Poverty; Material deprivation; Europe; EU-SILC |
| JEL: | C81 D31 I32 |
| Date: | 2019–09–28 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:101653&r=all |
| By: | Martín Caruso; Sebastian Galiani; Federico Weinschelbaum |
| Abstract: | Strategies based on growth and inequality reduction require a long-run horizon, and this paper therefore argues that those strategies need to be complemented by poverty alleviation programs. With regards to such programs, informality in Latin America and the Caribbean is a primary obstacle to carry out means testing income-support programs, and countries in the region have therefore mostly relied on proxy means testing mechanisms. This paper studies the relative effectiveness of these and other mechanisms by way of a formal model in which workers choose between job opportunities in the formal and informal sectors. Although the means testing mechanism allows for a more pro-poor design of transfers, it distorts labor decisions made by workers. On the other hand, (exogenous) proxy means testing does not cause distortions, but its pro-poor quality is constrained by the power of observable characteristics to infer income levels. However, since taxation is necessary to fund programs, redistribution becomes less effective, especially for programs other than means testing. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these results for the design of more efficient targeting programs. |
| JEL: | I38 J38 O54 |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26339&r=all |
| By: | Samuel Bentolila; Marcel Jansen |
| Abstract: | Desde el año 2012 existe la opción de ofrecer ciclos de Formación Profesional (FP) en la modalidad dual. En este artículo presentamos evidencia provisional sobre el impacto causal de los nuevos ciclos de FP dual en la inserción laboral de los jóvenes, basada en datos para la Comunidad de Madrid. Los resultados indican que la FP dual mejora la inserción laboral en comparación con la FP presencial. Los graduados de la FP dual acumulan más días de empleo en los dos primeros años tras su graduación y tienen una mayor probabilidad de obtener un contrato en sus empresas de prácticas. |
| Date: | 2019–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fda:fdaeee:eee2019-32&r=all |