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on Unemployment, Inequality and Poverty |
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Issue of 2017‒09‒10
eight papers chosen by |
| By: | Philippe Aghion (CIAR - Canadian Institute for Advanced Research - Université de Montréal, Department of Economics, Harvard University, NBER - National Bureau of Economic Research - National Bureau of Economic Research, CDF - Collège de France - CdF - Collège de France, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS Paris - École normale supérieure - Paris - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, PSE - Paris School of Economics, LSE - London School of Economics and Political Science); Ufuk Akcigit (Princeton University [Pinceton], University of Chicago); Angus Deaton (Princeton University [Pinceton]); Alexandra Roulet (Department of Economics, Harvard University) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we analyze the relationship between turnover-driven growth and subjective well-being. Our model of innovation-led growth and unemployment predicts that: (i) the effect of creative destruction on expected individual welfare should be unambiguously positive if we control for unemployment, less so if we do not; (ii) job creation has a positive and job destruction has a negative impact on well-being; (iii) job destruction has a less negative impact in areas with more generous unemployment insurance policies; and (iv) job creation has a more positive effect on individuals that are more forward-looking. The empirical analysis using cross-sectional MSA (metropolitan statistical area) -level and individual-level data provide empirical support to these predictions. |
| Keywords: | Well being |
| Date: | 2016–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01496948&r=ltv |
| By: | Marion Goussé (Département d'Economique, Université Laval - Université Laval); Nicolas Jacquemet (PSE - Paris School of Economics); Jean-Marc Robin (ECON - Département d'économie - Sciences Po) |
| Abstract: | We document changes in labour supply, wage and education by gender and marital status using the British Household Panel Survey, 1991-2008, and seek to disentangle the main channels behind these changes. To this end, we use a version of Goussé, Jacquemet, and Robin (2016)'s search-matching model of the marriage market with labour supply, which does not use information on home production time inputs. We derive conditions under which the model is identified. We estimate different parameters for each year. This allows us to quantify how much of the changes in labour supply, wage and education by gender and marital status depends on changes in the preferences for leisure of men and women and how much depends on changes in homophily. |
| Keywords: | structural estimation, collective labour supply, assortative matching, sorting,Search-matching |
| Date: | 2017–06–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01476509&r=ltv |
| By: | John F. Helliwell; Lara B. Aknin; Hugh Shiplett; Haifang Huang; Shun Wang |
| Abstract: | This paper surveys evidence documenting positive linkages among social capital, prosocial behaviour, and subjective well-being. Whether in the workplace, at home, in the community, or among nations, better and deeper social connections, and especially higher levels of trust are linked to higher subjective well-being, even beyond the effects flowing through higher incomes and better health. Prosocial behaviour is also shown to be a robust predictor of well-being in both correlational and experimental contexts. These two lines of research are connected, as prosocial acts are most likely to increase well-being when they are delivered in ways that improve social capital, and reflect intentional generosity free of either compulsion or personal gain. We infer that these deep links between prosocial acts and well-being have an evolutionary benefit in maintaining the quality of social capital and thereby delivering cooperative human responses in times of crisis. |
| JEL: | I31 O57 P16 Z13 |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:23761&r=ltv |
| By: | Pagano, Marco (University of Naples Federico II); Picariello, Luca (Dept. of Economics, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration) |
| Abstract: | In talent-intensive jobs, workers’ performance reveals their quality. This enhances productivity and wages, but also increases layoff risk. If workers cannot resign from their jobs, firms can insure them via severance pay. If instead workers can resign, private insurance cannot be provided, and more risk-averse workers will choose less informative jobs. This lowers expected Productivity and wages. Public unemployment insurance corrects this inefficiency, enhancing employment in talent-sensitive industries and investment in education by employees. The prediction that the generosity of unemployment insurance is positively correlated with the share of workers in talent-sensitive industries is consistent with international and U.S. evidence. |
| Keywords: | Talent; Learning; layoff risk; unemployment insurance |
| JEL: | D61 D62 D83 J24 J65 |
| Date: | 2017–08–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:nhheco:2017_011&r=ltv |
| By: | Haoran He (School of Economics and Business Administration - Beijing Normal University); Marie Claire Villeval (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Etienne] - Université de Lyon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | We compare inequality aversion in individuals and teams by means of both within- and between-subject experimental designs, and we investigate how teams aggregate individual preferences. We find that team decisions reveal less inequality aversion than individual initial proposals in team decision-making. However, teams are no more selfish than individuals who decide in isolation. Individuals express strategically more inequality aversion in their initial proposals in team decision-making because they anticipate the selfishness of other members. Members with median social preferences drive team decisions. Finally, we show that social image has little influence because guilt and envy are almost similar in anonymous and non-anonymous interactions. |
| Keywords: | social image,experiment,Team,inequity aversion,preference aggregation |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00996545&r=ltv |
| By: | Bruno S. Frey |
| Abstract: | Empirically orientated happiness research provides valuable and new insights to both business and political economics. Managers can benefit from the knowledge gained regarding the determinants and even more from the consequences of subjective well-being. They should, however, not engage in directly trying to raise the happiness of stakeholders. Rather, they should lay the ground for the respective persons being able to reach happiness in the way they choose themselves. Research on well-being provides crucial insights for economic and social policy as well as for business economics considering aspects such as recognition, autonomy, health, personal relationships and political institutions. |
| Keywords: | Happiness; well-being; life satisfaction; business; management |
| Date: | 2017–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cra:wpaper:2017-11&r=ltv |
| By: | Orhan Torul; Oguz Oztunali |
| Date: | 2017–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bou:wpaper:2017/03&r=ltv |
| By: | Emrehan Aktug; Tolga Umut Kuzubas; Orhan Torul |
| Date: | 2017–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:bou:wpaper:2017/04&r=ltv |