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on Labor Markets - Supply, Demand, and Wages |
| By: | Marion Goussé; Nicolas Jacquemet; Jean-Marc Robin |
| Abstract: | We extend the search-matching model of the marriage market of Shimer and Smith (2000) to allow for labor supply, home production, match-specific shocks and endogenous divorce. We study nonparametric identification using panel data on marital status, education, family values, wages, and market and non market hours, and we develop a semiparametric estimator. We estimate how much sorting results from time use specialization or homophilic preferences. We estimate how equilibrium marriage formation affects the wage elasticities of market and non market hours. We estimate individuals’ willingness to pay for marriage and quantify the redistributive effect of intra-household resource sharing. |
| Keywords: | Search-matching, sorting, assortative matching, collective labor supply, structural estimation. |
| JEL: | C78 D83 J12 J22 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lvl:lacicr:1601&r=lma |
| By: | Burke, Mary A. (Federal Reserve Bank of Boston) |
| Abstract: | There has been much anecdotal evidence claiming that Rhode Island's labor force is unable to supply the skills that the state's employers seek. The anecdotal evidence has given rise to the concern that labor market mismatch is holding back the state's economic recovery. Such a concern comes with particularly high stakes in the case of Rhode Island, which suffered the most severe drop in employment in New England during the Great Recession and has endured the region's highest unemployment rate during the recovery. This paper conducts a data-driven analysis of several indicators of potential labor market mismatch in Rhode Island in order to ascertain whether the state does indeed suffer from a skills gap that significantly restrains employment growth. |
| JEL: | J20 J69 R19 |
| Date: | 2015–12–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fip:fedbcq:2015_007&r=lma |
| By: | Matteo PICCHIO (Universit… Politecnica delle Marche, Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali); Giacomo VALLETTA (CORE - Universit‚ catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium) |
| Keywords: | Welfare measures, discrete model, labor supply, preference heterogeneity, tax reform |
| JEL: | D63 H31 J22 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:anc:wpaper:415&r=lma |
| By: | Dolores Añón Higón (Departamento de Economía Aplicada II, Universitat de València) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores to what extent conducting internal basic research, as opposed to external basic research (i.e. outsourcing and collaboration with universities) encourages firms to bring new products into the market ahead of competitors, and contributes to innovation performance. The analysis is based on a sample of Spanish manufacturing firms over the period 2006-2012. Our findings suggest that conducting in-house basic research affects firm’s propensity to introduce product novelties. Furthermore, performing this activity continuously affects the probability of being product-pioneer in low and medium-low tech sectors. Collaboration with universities also helps in introducing new products ahead of competitors, but contracting scientific research from universities does not lead to a pioneer strategy |
| Keywords: | basic research, in-house, outsourcing, collaboration, pioneer, imitation |
| JEL: | D22 L21 O32 |
| Date: | 2016–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eec:wpaper:1601&r=lma |
| By: | Nicolas Ruiz; Nicolas Woloszko |
| Abstract: | Standard income inequality figures, based on official household survey statistics covering most of the population, report a steady rise of inequality across a majority of advanced countries. The usefulness of these data sources in providing a timely and internationally comparable picture of inequality is undisputed, but one well-known limitation is their under-reporting of top incomes. This matters insofar as separate data sources devoted specifically to top incomes evolution report substantially faster inequality growth in recent years compared to conventional statistics. This paper proposes a methodology to adjust household survey data for the under-reporting of top incomes. More specifically, the analysis delivers a set of top incomes-adjusted income distribution series that bring together the bottom 99% and the top 1%. Unsurprisingly, the results point to a significant increase of the level of inequality measured by standard statistics based on official figures: the Gini coefficient adjusted for top incomes was in 2011 on average 6 percentage points higher, moving from 0.31 to 0.37 for the average OECD country; similarly, the gap between the mean income of the richest and the poorest 10% rises from 10 to 15 as a result from the adjustment. Inequality trends are also significantly altered, albeit in ways that differ across countries. Que peut-on apprendre des hauts revenus à partir de données d'enquêtes dans les pays de l'OCDE ? Les chiffres sur les inégalités de revenus, basés sur les enquêtes auprès des ménages, couvrent la plupart de la population et font état d'une augmentation constante de l'inégalité dans la majorité des pays avancés. L'utilité de ces sources afin de fournir une image satisfaisante et comparables à l'échelle internationale de l'inégalité est reconnue, mais une limite bien connue est leur sous-déclaration des hauts revenus. Cela importe dans la mesure où des sources de données distinctes consacrées spécifiquement aux hauts revenus décrivent une évolution de l'inégalité sensiblement plus rapide au cours des dernières années par rapport aux statistiques classiques. Cet article propose une méthodologie pour ajuster les données d'enquêtes auprès des ménages pour la sous-déclaration des hauts revenus. Plus précisément, l'analyse fournit un ensemble de série sur la répartition des revenus ajustés pour les hauts revenus et qui rassemblent ainsi les 99% et les 1% des ménages les plus riches. Les résultats montrent une augmentation significative du niveau de l'inégalité par rapport aux statistiques standard basées sur des chiffres officiels: le coefficient de Gini corrigé des hauts revenus a été en 2011 en moyenne de 6 points de pourcentage supérieur, passant de 0,31 à 0,37 pour la moyenne des pays de l'OCDE ; De même, l'écart entre le revenu moyen des plus riches et les plus pauvres passe de 10 à 15 suite à l'ajustement. L'évolution des inégalités est également modifiée de façon significative, quoique de manière hétérogène selon les pays. |
| Keywords: | household survey, inequality, income, top incomes, enquête auprès des ménages, hauts revenus, inégalité, revenu |
| JEL: | D31 D63 O15 |
| Date: | 2016–01–23 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1265-en&r=lma |
| By: | David de la Croix (UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES) and Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE)); Paula E. Gobbi (National Fund for Scientific Research (FNRS) and UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES)) |
| Abstract: | Whether the population tends towards a long-run stationary value depends on forces of demographic convergence. One such force is the result of fertility rates being negatively affected by population density. We test the existence of such an effect in 44 developing countries, matching georeferenced data from the Demographic and Health Surveys for half a million women with population density grids. When we correct for selection and endogeneity bias and control for the usual determinants of fertility such as education and income, a rise in density from 10 to 1000 inhabitants per square kilometer corresponds with a decrease in fertility of about 0.6 of a child. Duration analysis reveals that both age at marriage and age at first birth increase with density. |
| Keywords: | Demographic and Health Survey, Preventive check, Agglomeration externalities, Population Dynamics, Marriage |
| JEL: | J13 D19 O18 R11 |
| Date: | 2016–01–18 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ctl:louvir:2016003&r=lma |