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on Law and Economics |
| By: | Glebovskiy, Alexander |
| Abstract: | The article explores the origin of corporate crime through the lens of spontaneous and constructed orders. From a macro perspective, corporate crime can be understood as an emergent phenomenon within a self-regulating market, driven by the interactions of self-interested individuals. From a micro perspective, it is often the result of deliberate actions by individuals within organizations, reflecting a constructed order. Recognizing this dual nature is essential for developing effective strategies to address corporate crime. |
| Date: | 2024–11–11 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:osfxxx:dx6nv |
| By: | Braakmann, Nils |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the relationship between temperature variations, crime and policing in the UK. Using geocoded administrative data on reported crime, stops and searches and police use of force incidents, combined with daily temperature data at 1km grid-level, results show the same temperature-crime link found in other countries. Against this background, I find evidence for changes in police priorities and search outcomes. While there is no decrease in police effectiveness in searches, there is evidence for ethnic differences, especially affecting Black subjects. Additionally, police use-of-force incidents increase in intensity during hotter periods, leading to higher civilian resistance and injuries. |
| Date: | 2024–11–21 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:ubf7m |
| By: | Pina-Sánchez, Jose (University of Leeds); Hamilton, Melissa; Tennant, Peter WG |
| Abstract: | To minimise confounding bias and facilitate the identification of unwarranted disparities, sentencing researchers have traditionally sought to control for as many legal factors as possible. In this article we challenge such approach. Using causal graphs we show how controlling for commonly used variables in the sentencing literature can introduce bias. Instead, we propose a new modelling framework that clarifies which types of controls are necessary to identify different definitions of sentencing disparities. We apply this framework to the estimation of race disparities in the US federal courts and gender disparities in the England and Wales magistrates’ court. We find that the model uncertainty associated to the choice of controls is substantial for gender disparities and for race disparities affecting Hispanic offenders, rendering estimates of the latter inconclusive. Disparities against black offenders are more consistent, although, they are not strong enough to be seen as definitive evidence of racial discrimination. |
| Date: | 2024–11–17 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:osf:socarx:ymzsv |