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on Law and Economics |
| By: | Pereira, Leila (Insper, São Paulo); Pucci, Rafael (University of Sao Paulo); Soares, Rodrigo R. (Insper, São Paulo) |
| Abstract: | We study a Force-down/Shoot-down intervention in Brazil that led cocaine traffickers to shift from air to river routes. Using data on cocaine production, homicides, and the network of rivers in the Amazon, we provide evidence that violence increased in municipalities along river routes originating from Andean producing countries after the policy. We also show that, during the same period, violence in these municipalities became more responsive to cocaine production in origin countries. We document an instance of crime displacement over the three-dimensional space, involving sophisticated adaptations from criminals regarding transportation technologies, with dramatic side-effects for local populations. |
| Keywords: | cocaine, illegal markets, crime displacement, violence, Brazil, Amazon |
| JEL: | K42 O54 Q34 |
| Date: | 2024–10 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp17425 |
| By: | Elisa Facchetti (Institute for Fiscal Studies) |
| Date: | 2024–04–24 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ifs:ifsewp:24/16 |
| By: | Yassine Lefouili (TSE-R - Toulouse School of Economics - UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - UT - Université de Toulouse - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, UT Capitole - Université Toulouse Capitole - UT - Université de Toulouse); Leonardo Madio (Unipd - Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua); Ying Lei Toh (Federal Reserve Bank - Kansas City) |
| Abstract: | We analyze how a privacy regulation taking the form of a cap on information disclosure affects quality-enhancing innovation incentives by a monopolist--who derives revenues solely from disclosing user data to third parties--and consumer surplus. If the share of privacy-concerned users is sufficiently small, privacy regulation has a negative effect on innovation and may harm users. However, if the share of privacy-concerned users is sufficiently large, privacy regulation has a positive effect on innovation. In this case, there is no trade-off between privacy and innovation and users always benefit from privacy regulation. |
| Keywords: | Privacy Regulation, Data Disclosure, Innovation |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04774302 |
| By: | Haddad, Joanne; Kattan, Lamis |
| Abstract: | By the end of the nineteenth century, labor legislation for women had become a prominent issue in the United States, with most states enacting at least one female-specific work regulation. We examine the impact of three previously unexplored legislation: seating, health and safety, and night-work regulations. Given that not all states adopted these laws, and the staggered nature of adoption, we rely on a difference-in-differences strategy design to estimate the effects on female gainful employment. Our findings indicate that laws regulating health and safety conditions and restricting women's night work increased the likelihood of female employment by about 4% to 8%, accounting for about 10% to 20% from the total increase during our period of analysis. Examining heterogeneous effects reveals that younger and married women without children witnessed the largest increase in the likelihood of employment. We also document that native, higher-class and literate women were also incentivized to join the workforce. Women's labor supply in the decades under consideration has been estimated to be quite inelastic with respect to own wage. Nevertheless, we find sizable labor force participation responses to the female-specific labor regulation we study. This indicates that the legislation must have shifted women's labor supply curves, either because it made jobs more pleasant, or because it improved perceptions about how respectable it is for a woman to work in the labor market. Both channels would reduce disutility from work, and increase labor supply at any given wage level. Our findings hold important implications for policymakers and advocates seeking to promote gender equality in the labor market. |
| Keywords: | Labor Supply, Labor Law, Gender Law, Gender Norms |
| JEL: | J08 J16 J21 J24 J78 K31 |
| Date: | 2024 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:glodps:1518 |
| By: | Carrera, Sergio; Colombi, Davide; Cortinovis, Roberto |
| Abstract: | The policing of NGOs and human rights defenders providing humanitarian assistance to asylum seekers and immigrants, as well as search and rescue (SAR) in the Mediterranean has reached a new low due to the current far-right Italian government. This CEPS In-Depth Analysis paper examines the Italian government’s practices of responsibility evasion and selective disembarkation of SAR NGO vessels, the ensuing diplomatic row with the French government over the 2022 Ocean Viking affair, and the introduction of a Code of Conduct sanctioning SAR NGOs in January 2023. The paper argues that upholding justice at sea is not a ‘pick and choose’ game for governments and migration policymakers. Some of the human rights at stake are absolute in nature, and therefore accept no derogation or weighing with other policy interests. Policing the work of civil society actors and a policy of selective disembarkation run contrary to EU law and constitute clear indicators of a systematic threat to national and EU constitutional principles. This calls for effective and timely EU enforcement measures, to uphold a justice-centred approach that fully respects the dignity of every person and the safeguarding of the rule of law, democracy and fundamental rights. |
| Date: | 2023–02 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eps:cepswp:39023 |
| By: | Gayle, Philip; Faheem, Adeel |
| Abstract: | The literature argues that Post and Hold (PH) laws facilitate tacit collusive price-setting behavior among suppliers of alcoholic beverages. Yet there is no explicit empirical test of this claim. We specify and estimate a structural model designed to identify the extent to which PH laws induce tacit collusive price-setting behavior among beer suppliers. Our estimates reveal evidence of PH law-induced collusive behavior that causes higher prices and lower consumption. Furthermore, we find that an alcohol content tax as a replacement for PH regulation yields the highest surplus to consumers compared to a sales tax or the PH regulation. |
| Keywords: | Post and Hold Regulation; Competitive Conduct; US Beer Industry; Externality; Corrective Tax Policy |
| JEL: | H21 H23 I18 K00 L13 L40 L66 |
| Date: | 2024–10–22 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122541 |
| By: | Rivera, Eduardo (MIT); Seira, Enrique (MSU); Jha, Saumitra (Stanford U) |
| Abstract: | Democratic values are eroding just as citizens perceive increasing corruption, with numerous cases implicating the highest-level politicians. Could perceived increases in apex corruption be weakening democracy? We first present event study analyses of more than 170 high-profile corruption scandals involving some of the most prominent politicians in 17 Latin American countries. We show that in the aftermath of such apex corruption scandals, support for democracy falls by 0.07ð ‘ ð ‘‘, support for authoritarianism rises by 11% and violent protests rise by 70%. We complement these results with a field experiment in Mexico. Randomized exposure to footage of apex corruption scandals, particularly implicating politicians known for their anticorruption platforms, decreases individuals’ support for democracy by 0.15ð ‘ ð ‘‘, willingness to trust politicians and neighbors in incentivized games by 18% and 11%, volunteering as election observers by 45%, and actual voter turnout by about 5ð ‘ ð ‘ , while raising stealing from local mayors by 4%. The undermining of democratic values produces latent effects that even cumulate four months later. Seeking solutions, priming national identity proved an unsuccessful antidote, but providing exposure to national stock index funds holds some promise. |
| JEL: | C72 C93 D02 D72 D73 D91 K42 |
| Date: | 2024–05 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ecl:stabus:4166 |
| By: | Hassid, Joseph; Maniatis, George; POLEMIS, Michael |
| Abstract: | The scope of this study is to investigate how legal professionals can benefit from a comprehensive understanding of economic principles and practices, thereby enriching their analytical and decision-making capabilities. For this reason, we use data from a field survey of Greek law professionals practicing mainly in commercial and civil law to conduct rank-ordered logit regression analysis. Our econometric findings signify the LAPET survey’s results regarding the lack of economics knowledge in several fields such as economics for business, the functioning of the markets, and competition economics. Furthermore, a gap between perceived usefulness and adequacy reveals a need for enhanced expertise in economics and business methods. Graduate studies in economics and business-related experience increase perceived competence in these areas, while self-employed practice is less beneficial. Our results underline the importance of further education and the role of business professional experience in enhancing lawyers' knowledge of economics and business methods. |
| Keywords: | Law and economics; Survey; Interdisciplinarity; Economics Education; Rank-ordered logit |
| JEL: | A12 A20 A23 C40 |
| Date: | 2024–10–30 |
| URL: | https://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:122550 |