New Economics Papers
on Law and Economics
Issue of 2012‒10‒27
two papers chosen by
Jeong-Joon Lee, Towson University
  1. Marriage as women's old age insurance : evidence from migration and land inheritance practices in rural Tanzania By Kudo, Yuya
  2. Increasing popular participation in the treaty-making process : the legislative process of Section 190 of the 2007 Constitution of Thailand By Aoki-Okabe, Maki
  1. By: Kudo, Yuya
    Abstract: In a traditional system of exogamous and patrilocal marriage prevalent in much of Sub-Saharan Africa, when she marries, a rural woman typically leaves her kin to reside with her husband living outside her natal village. Since a village that allows a widow to inherit her late husband's land can provide her with old age security, single females living outside the village are more likely to marry into the village. Using a natural experimental setting, provided by the longitudinal household panel data drawn from rural Tanzania for the period from 1991 to 2004, during which several villages that initially banned a widow's land inheritance removed this discrimination, this study provides evidence in support of this view, whereby altering a customary land inheritance rules in a village in favor of widows increased the probability of males marrying in that village. This finding suggests that providing rural women with old age protection (e.g., insurance, livelihood protection) has remarkable spatial and temporal welfare effects by influencing their decision to marry.
    Keywords: Tanzania, Social security, Women welfare, Land tenure, Aged, Migration, Demography, Gender empowerment, Land ownership, Social custom, Widowhood
    JEL: J12 J14 K11 Q15 R23
    Date: 2012–09
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper368&r=law
  2. By: Aoki-Okabe, Maki
    Abstract: Historically, the authority to conclude international treaties was exclusively exercised by administrative bodies (or the chief of state). However, recent studies pointed out that the present legislative bodies have come to play a more active role through ratification or the review of treaties in European and American countries. Harrington (2005) studied judicial reform in British dominions and criticized the past executive-dominant treaty-making process as a “democratic deficit†due to a fear that under this system the nation might be bound by international agreements for which a consensus had not been obtained. These studies indicated that people’s participation in the treaty-making process has increased on a global basis, but neither of them provides sufficient descriptive evidence regarding why and how such procedures were established. The present paper therefore attempts to solve these questions by analyzing the legislative and political process of the treaty-making procedure reform in Thailand’s 2007 constitution as a case study.
    Keywords: Thailand, Treaties, International agreements, Constitutions, Treaty-making, Participation
    JEL: K00 Z00
    Date: 2012–07
    URL: http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper357&r=law
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