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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2023‒06‒12
six papers chosen by Laura Nicola-Gavrila Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Stefan Pauly (ECON - Département d'économie (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Fernando Stipanicic (UC Berkeley - University of California [Berkeley] - UC - University of California) |
| Abstract: | Click here for the latest version This paper provides new causal evidence of the impact of air travel time on the creation and diffusion of knowledge. We exploit the beginning of the Jet Age as a quasi-natural experiment. We digitize airlines' historical flight schedules and construct a novel data set of the flight network in the United States. Between 1951 and 1966, travel time between locations more than 2, 000 km apart decreased on average by 41%. The reduction in travel time explains 33% of the increase in knowledge diffusion as measured by patent citations. The increase in knowledge diffusion further caused an increase in the creation of new knowledge. The results provide evidence that jet airplanes led to innovation convergence across locations and contributed to the shift in innovation activity towards the South and the West of the United States. |
| Date: | 2022–10–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:hal-04067326&r=knm |
| By: | Luis L. Vázquez (CELIA - Centro Latinoamericano de Investigaciones Agroecológicas); Eduardo Chia (UMR Innovation - Innovation et Développement dans l'Agriculture et l'Alimentation - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro Montpellier - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement) |
| Abstract: | Knowledge management and innovation appear as capitals to facilitate agroecology. The objective of this article is to contribute to the reflection on the emergence of agroecological knowledge. Experiences (2016-2022) on training and technology transfer in 14 municipalities of Cuba are analyzed to determine the sustainability of the action. The results suggest that agroecological knowledge management is moving towards sustainability: sources of local knowledge, people who facilitate activities (specialists from municipal entities), spaces of action (classrooms and classrooms in entities of the municipality), form of interaction between actors (conferences or classes), types of receiving actors (farmers), local synergies in action (municipal entities and productive forms), dissemination of knowledge and experiences (events). It is suggested to create capacities in local actors for the sustainable facilitation of agroecological knowledge management, so as to allow the conversion of tacit knowledge into explicit and vice versa. |
| Abstract: | La gestión del conocimiento y la innovación aparecen como capitales para facilitar la agroecología. El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir a la reflexión sobre la emergencia de los conocimientos agroecológicos. Se analizan experiencias realizadas entre 2016 y 2022, sobre capacitación y transferencia de tecnologías en 14 municipios de Cuba, para determinar la sostenibilidad en la acción Los resultados sugieren que la gestión del conocimiento agroecológico está transitando hacia una mayor sostenibilidad, donde: las fuentes de conocimiento locales, los facilitadores de las actividades (especialistas de entidades municipales), espacios de encuentros (aulas y salones en entidades del municipio), forma de interacción entre actores (conferencias o clases), actores receptores (agricultores), sinergias locales en la actuación (entidades municipales y formas productivas), difusión de conocimientos y experiencias (eventos), tienen una gran importancia. En conclusión, se sugiere crear capacidades en actores locales para la facilitación sostenible de la gestión del conocimiento agroecológico, de manera que permita la conversión de los conocimientos tácitos en explícitos y viceversa. |
| Abstract: | La gestion des connaissances et l'innovation semblent être des éléments clés pour faciliter l'agroécologie. L'objectif de cet article est de contribuer à la réflexion sur l'émergence des savoirs/connaissances agroécologiques. On s'appuie ici sur l'analyse des expériences menées entre 2016 et 2022, sur la formation et le transfert de technologie dans 14 municipalités de Cuba, pour déterminer la durabilité dans l'action. Les résultats suggèrent que la gestion des connaissances agroécologiques évolue vers une plus grande durabilité, où : les sources de connaissances locales, les facilitateurs d'activités (spécialistes des entités municipales), les espaces de rencontre (salles de classe et salles des entités municipales), la forme d'interaction entre les acteurs (conférences ou classes), les acteurs récepteurs (agriculteurs), les synergies locales en action (entités municipales et formes de production), la diffusion des connaissances et des expériences (événements), revêtent une grande importance. En conclusion, il est suggéré de renforcer les capacités des acteurs locaux pour faciliter durablement la gestion des connaissances agro-écologiques, de manière à permettre la conversion des connaissances tacites en connaissances explicites et vice versa. |
| Keywords: | agroecology, knowledge management, innovation, agroecología, gestión del conocimiento, innovación, cuba |
| Date: | 2023 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04088977&r=knm |
| By: | Revet, Karine; Bodas-Freitas, Isabel Maria; Chollet, Barthélemy; D'Este, Pablo |
| Abstract: | Scientists display heterogeneous profiles regarding the focus of their knowledge production activities, their collaboration strategies and their outcomes. Despite increasing interests on research collaboration, little is known about how scientists mobilize their research network. In their knowledge creation efforts, scientists collaborate with colleagues from both academia and industry. These collaborations, leading or not to co-authorship, allow scientists to access to a number of research resources. The objective of this study is to explore whether and how knowledge production across the four Stokesâ quadrants (different focus on fundamental understandings and on immediate industrial and social application) is associated with specific modes of mobilizing research resources. This study examines empirically the relationship between scientific knowledge production, research resources and collaboration networks, using bibliometric and survey data on 116 scientists active in biotechnology in the Netherlands. Our results suggest that different knowledge creation objectives and outcomes are associated with particular ways of activating the network, and mobilize it to access specific research resources. |
| JEL: | M10 O30 |
| Date: | 2023–05–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ing:wpaper:202311&r=knm |
| By: | Xian Gong; Claire McFarland; Paul McCarthy; Colin Griffith; Marian-Andrei Rizoiu |
| Abstract: | Understanding the relationship between emerging technology and research and development has long been of interest to companies, policy makers and researchers. In this paper new sources of data and tools are combined with a novel technique to construct a model linking a defined set of emerging technologies with the global leading R&D spending companies. The result is a new map of this landscape. This map reveals the proximity of technologies and companies in the knowledge embedded in their corresponding Wikipedia profiles, enabling analysis of the closest associations between the companies and emerging technologies. A significant positive correlation for a related set of patent data validates the approach. Finally, a set of Circular Economy Emerging Technologies are matched to their closest leading R&D spending company, prompting future research ideas in broader or narrower application of the model to specific technology themes, company competitor landscapes and national interest concerns. |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2305.02476&r=knm |
| By: | Maria Balta (Kent Business School, University of Kent); Konstantina Spanaki (Audencia Business School); Thanos Papadopoulos (Kent Business School, University of Kent); M.N. Ravishankar (Queens University Belfast) |
| Date: | 2023–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04053205&r=knm |
| By: | Foreman-Peck, James (Cardiff Business School); Zhou, Peng (Cardiff Business School) |
| Abstract: | We model how R&D enters the innovation system in four ways (intramural, extramural, cooperative, and spillover). Despite measuring three different spillovers together, for a very large sample of European enterprises we conclude that the productivity effects of spillovers were at best smaller than intramural R&D productivity effects. We also find that building on the greater skills and experience of enterprises already undertaking R&D (intensity) raised labour productivity more than providing support for those beginning R&D (extensity). Optimal extramural R&D intensity was higher than the actual level; sample firms could boost productivity either by abandoning extramural R&D or by doing much more. There were substantial differences in our sample between enterprises and countries in terms of R&D spillovers. Greater multinational corporation incidence in new EU members accounted for these countries’ high direct R&D intensity productivity, regardless of their generally low overall labour productivity. Absorptive capacity made little difference to the utilisation of spillovers. |
| Keywords: | R&D; innovation; knowledge spillover |
| JEL: | L53 L21 H71 H25 |
| Date: | 2023–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cdf:wpaper:2023/16&r=knm |