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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2022‒11‒28
nine papers chosen by Laura Nicola-Gavrila Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Florenta Teodoridis; Jino Lu; Jeffrey L. Furman |
| Abstract: | Understanding factors affecting the direction of innovation is a central aim of research in the economics of innovation. Progress on this topic has been inhibited by difficulties in measuring distance and movement in knowledge space. We describe a methodology that infers the mapping of the knowledge landscape based on text documents. The approach is based on an unassisted machine learning technique, Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP), which flexibly identifies patterns in text corpora. The resulting mapping of the knowledge landscape enables calculations of distance and movement, measures that are valuable in several contexts for research in innovation. We benchmark and demonstrate the benefits of this approach in the context of 44 years of USPTO data. |
| JEL: | C55 C80 O3 O31 O32 |
| Date: | 2022–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:30603&r=knm |
| By: | Nelson Lind; Natalia Ramondo |
| Abstract: | We study the global innovation and diffusion of ideas by introducing trade into the model in Eaton and Kortum (1999) (EK). This extension allows us to use international trade flows and country-level factor costs to estimate both the intensity of innovation within countries over time and diffusion rates across countries. We find significant specialization across the globe: some countries have high innovation rates, while other countries rely on diffusion. Although innovation is correlated with economic growth, there are many high income countries that primarily produce using diffused ideas. Additionally, these patterns shift over time — we estimate that a wave of innovation began in China during the early-2000’s, reducing its reliance on diffused technology. |
| JEL: | F1 O3 O4 |
| Date: | 2022–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:30590&r=knm |
| By: | Philipp Koch; Viktor Stojkoski; C\'esar A. Hidalgo |
| Abstract: | Did migrants help make Paris a center for the arts and Vienna a beacon of classical music? Or was the rise of these knowledge agglomerations a sole consequence of local actors? Here, we use data on the biographies of more than 22,000 famous historical individuals born between the years 1000 and 2000 to estimate the contribution of famous immigrants, emigrants, and locals to the knowledge specializations of European regions. We find that the probability that a region develops a specialization in a new activity (physics, philosophy, painting, music, etc.) grows with the presence of immigrants with knowledge on that activity and of immigrants specialized in related activities. We also find that the probability that a region loses one of its existing areas of specialization decreases with the presence of immigrants specialized in that activity and in related activities. In contrast, we do not find robust evidence that locals with related knowledge play a statistically significant role in a region entering or exiting a new specialization. These findings advance our understanding of the role of migration in the historical formation of knowledge agglomerations. |
| Date: | 2022–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:arx:papers:2210.15914&r=knm |
| By: | Kuusi, Tero; Ali-Yrkkö, Jyrki; Helanummi-Cole, Heli; Koski, Heli; Kovalainen, Anne; Kässi, Otto; Poutanen, Seppo; Valmari, Nelli |
| Abstract: | Abstract The Reigniting growth through innovation project, funded by Business Finland between 2020 and 2022, addressed the key challenges to the current growth paradigm and searched for novel policy levers to increase the effectiveness of innovation in a landscape of global turmoil following the pandemic. In this article, we summarize the key findings of this project, which focused on three innovation challenges and the design of policies that can help mitigate the problems that arise. The first challenge is the recent slowdown in the creation and adoption of new breakthrough ideas in innovation and the barriers to knowledge adoption. The second challenge is to maintain innovation and flexibility in production while companies increasingly outsource their core activities beyond traditional company boundaries. The third challenge is how to support creative destruction and structural change while avoiding considerable friction in the movement of resources between old and new companies. |
| Keywords: | Productivity, Innovations, Competition, Outsourcing, Platform companies, Creative destruction |
| JEL: | D22 D24 D43 O32 O38 |
| Date: | 2022–11–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:rif:briefs:116&r=knm |
| By: | Grimm, Felix; Gathmann, Christina |
| JEL: | J2 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc22:264087&r=knm |
| By: | Cettolin, Elena (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Cole, Kym; Dalton, Patricio (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:d0f494f0-87ed-4ef2-8472-673f661947ba&r=knm |
| By: | Samba Diop (Alioune Diop University, Bambey, Senegal); Simplice A. Asongu (Yaoundé, Cameroon) |
| Abstract: | This study evaluates if information and communication technologies (ICTs) can play a role of catalyst for the achievement of most of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at local level in African countries. We use the Afrobarometer Round 7 Surveys, and base our empirical methodology on 2SLS-IV regressions to take into account the concern of reverse causality. The findings reveal that ICTs have a positive and significant effect on the achievement of SDGs, notably, in eight out of thirteen goals (Goal 1 “No poverty†, Goal 2 “Zero Hunger†, Goal 6 “Clean water and sanitation†, Goal 8 “Decent work and economic growth†, Goal 11 “Sustainable cities and communities†, Goal 5 “Gender equality†, Goal 7 “Affordable and clean energy†, Goal 9 “Industry, innovation and infrastructure†). The results suggest that ICTs can help to accelerate progress towards SDGs in Africa. |
| Keywords: | information technology; inclusive development; sustainable development |
| JEL: | D10 D14 D31 D60 O30 |
| Date: | 2022–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aak:wpaper:22/019&r=knm |
| By: | Hussingera, Katrin; Issahd, Wunnam |
| Abstract: | Family firms are known for their reluctance to invest in research and development. We show that strengthened trade secret protection is associated with higher R&D investment by family firms. More specifically, we show that the association between the strength of trade secret protection through the U.S. Uniform Trade Secrets Act and R&D investment is positively moderated by family control. Our results further show that the positive moderation of family control on the association between the strength of trade secret protection and R&D investment varies with the industry context, being stronger in high tech industries and weaker in discrete product industries. |
| Keywords: | Family firms,intellectual property protection,trade secret protection,UTSA,R&Dinvestment,socioemotional wealth |
| JEL: | O34 O32 G32 M14 |
| Date: | 2022 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:22039&r=knm |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | Digital transformation affects every aspect of our lives, providing new spaces and tools for us to connect, work, consume, and enjoy our rights. It offers a multitude of social and economic opportunities, but also brings new and complex risks. An empowering and safe digital environment that puts people first is therefore a core policy goal of the digital age. Through the lens of a fictional family navigating these opportunities and risks, this paper looks at how digital transformation impacts us as individuals, be it as citizens, consumers, or workers. It outlines the policy landscape, and describes the international, multi-stakeholder, and nuanced efforts needed to strike a balance between different rights, interests, and values. A background paper for the 2022 Digital Economy Ministerial meeting, this paper supports senior policy makers in designing and achieving a human-centric digital transformation. |
| Date: | 2022–11–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:stiaab:339-en&r=knm |