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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2020‒03‒23
seven papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Campi, Mercedes; Dueñas, Marco; Barigozzi, Matteo; Fagiolo, Giorgio |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we analyze whether the recent global process of strengthening and harmonization of intellectual property rights (IPRs) affects decisions of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We investigate if IPRs have a differential effect across sectors of different technology content and for countries of different development level. Also, we study how imitation abilities of target countries interact with the tightening of IPRs. Using data for the post-TRIPS period (1995-2010), we estimate an extended gravity model to study the bilateral number of M&As, including a measure of the strength of IPRs systems on target countries and a set of control variables usually considered as determinants of M&As. The estimation results verify the gravity structure for M&As and show that IPRs -and enforcement- influence decisions of cross-border M&As in all sectors regardless of their technological content. However, IPRs are more important in countries with high imitation abilities and in sectors of high-technology content. Furthermore, a strengthening of IPRs leads to a larger increase of M&As in developing countries than in developed countries. These results call the attention on the possible implications for least developed economies and challenge the adequacy of a globally harmonized IPRs systems. |
| Keywords: | intellectual property rights; mergers and acquisitions; gravity model; technological intensity; imitation; international comparison |
| JEL: | G34 O13 O14 O34 |
| Date: | 2018–09–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ehl:lserod:90203&r=all |
| By: | Isaac Ehrlich; Yun Pei |
| Abstract: | Unlike physical capital, human capital has both embodied and disembodied dimensions. It can be perceived of as skill and acquired knowledge, but also as knowledge spillover effects between overlapping generations and across different skill groups within and across countries. We illustrate the roles these characteristics play in the process of economic development; the relation between income growth and income and fertility distributions; and the relevance of human capital in determining the skill distribution of immigrants in a balanced-growth global equilibrium setting. In all three illustrations, knowledge spillover effects play a key role. The analysis offers new insights for understanding the decline in fertility below population replacement rate in many developed countries; the evolution of income and fertility distributions across developing and developed countries; and the often asymmetric effects that endogenous immigration flows and their skill composition exert on the long-term net benefits from immigration to natives in source and destination countries. |
| JEL: | F22 F43 J11 J24 O15 |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:26810&r=all |
| By: | Eduardo Méndez-León (CREIDD - Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes Interdisciplinaires sur le Développement Durable - ICD - Institut Charles Delaunay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UTT - Université de Technologie de Troyes); Tatiana Reyes-Carrillo (CREIDD - Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes Interdisciplinaires sur le Développement Durable - ICD - Institut Charles Delaunay - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - UTT - Université de Technologie de Troyes); René Díaz-Pichardo (Groupe ESC Troyes en Champagne) |
| Abstract: | The domains of Design and Business have provided useful and practical information for the complex problems faced at the BoP. Autonomous propositions of innovation and strategy were respectively developed by both areas of knowledge. Nowadays, they are converging on a new and interesting research topic called Sustainable Business Model. The aim of this article, through a narrative literature review, is to understand the evolution of PSS from two different but complementary approaches as well as to identify the topics that have permanently shaped the PSS research in search of sustainable value proposals for the BoP. |
| Keywords: | Design for Sustainability,Sustainable Business Models,PSS,Base of the Pyramid,Value |
| Date: | 2019–11–25 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-02435850&r=all |
| By: | Bloom, David E. (Harvard University); Khoury, Alexander (Harvard School of Public Health); Kufenko, Vadim (University of Hohenheim); Prettner, Klaus (University of Hohenheim) |
| Abstract: | Education, general health, and reproductive health are key indicators of human development. Investments in these domains can also promote economic growth. This paper argues for the importance of human development related investments based on i) a theoretical economic growth model with poverty traps, ii) a literature review of evidence that different human development related investments can promote growth, and iii) own empirical analyses that aim at estimating the relative contribution of different human development indicators to economic growth across heterogeneous growth regimes. Our results suggest the following associations: (i) a one-child decrease in the total fertility rate corresponds to a 2 percentage point (pp) increase in annual per capita GDP growth in the short run (5 years) and 0.5 pp higher annual growth in the mid to long run (35 years), (ii) a 10% increase in life expectancy at birth corresponds to a 1 pp increase in annual GDP per capita growth in the short run and 0.4 pp higher growth in the mid to long run, and (iii) a one-year increase in average educational attainment corresponds to a 0.7 pp increase in annual growth in the short run and 0.3 pp higher growth in the mid to long run. By contrast, infrastructure proxies are not significantly associated with subsequent growth in any of the models estimated. |
| Keywords: | human development, economic development |
| JEL: | I15 I25 J11 O15 O20 |
| Date: | 2020–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp12964&r=all |
| By: | Peter Wirtz (Centre de Recherche Magellan - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises (IAE) - Lyon - UJML - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 - Université de Lyon); Christophe Bonnet (GDF - Gestion, Droit et Finance - GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management); Laurence Cohen; Christophe Haon (MKT - Marketing - GEM - Grenoble Ecole de Management) |
| Abstract: | The present research sets out to reach a better understanding of the determinants of business angels' active involvement in making business angel groups accomplish diverse functions and building cognitive resources and shared competencies. We develop a framework where angels' decision making style and professional experience are key in explaining their degree and type of involvement with diverse business angel group activities. To test the related propositions, we conduct a questionnaire survey with the members of one of the largest French business angel groups. Our results show that business angels with a control-oriented decision-making style, as well as angels with previous professional experiences as a CEO and in marketing and sales, tend to be more actively involved in key angel group activities, both with regard to investment related activities and angel group management activities. While discussing the results, we propose a tentative model of angel group cognition and outcomes for future extensions of the present research. |
| Abstract: | La présente recherche vise à mieux comprendre l'implication active des business angels au sein des groupes de business angels, ainsi que la construction cognitive des ressources et le partage des compétences. Nous développons un cadre conceptuel où le style de prise de décision des business angels et leur expérience professionnelle sont des clés pour expliquer leur degré et leur type d'implication parmi les diverses activités du groupe de business angels. Afin de tester les propositions, nous avons mené une enquête sous forme d'un questionnaire auprès d'un des plus grands groupes de business angels français. Nos résultats montrent que les business angels ayant un style de prise de décision « orienté-contrôle » ainsi que ceux ayant une expérience professionnelle en tant que directeur et en marketing et ventes sont plus impliqués dans les activités du groupe de business angels tant au niveau des activités d'investissement que des activités de management du groupe de business angels lui-même. Au titre des futures recherches qui pourraient prolonger ce travail, nous proposons un modèle de groupe de business angels, en termes de cognition et de performance. |
| Keywords: | business angel groups,business angel group activities,decision,style de prise de décision,activités d’un groupe de business angels,groupe de business angels,capital humain |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:gemptp:halshs-02374570&r=all |
| By: | Mochammad Ridwan Ristyawan (Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Tanjungpura, 78124, Pontianak, Indonesia Author-2-Name: Author-2-Workplace-Name: Author-3-Name: Author-3-Workplace-Name: Author-4-Name: Author-4-Workplace-Name: Author-5-Name: Author-5-Workplace-Name: Author-6-Name: Author-6-Workplace-Name: Author-7-Name: Author-7-Workplace-Name: Author-8-Name: Author-8-Workplace-Name:) |
| Abstract: | Objective - The performance of MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) is one of the main indicators to increase Indonesia's economic growth. The contribution of Indonesia's MSMEs is low in the global market and the lowest in ASEAN. One of the ways to increase the contribution is to create the value of competitiveness product. Management of resources is needed to provide high-quality products and competitive advantage of the company. This study aims to examine the combination of resources of the company through the Resource Base-View (RBV) approach.Methodology/Technique - A mix research method was employed, utilizing multiple criteria decision making as the analysis method and the Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) as the instrument tool of the analysis. The respondents were 100 MSMEs in Pontianak.Findings - The criteria were determined by RBV Concept and the characteristic of company resources. The combination was the sequence level of the weight of the resources. The study also formulated the integration of the Artificial Intelligence and RBV model. The results of the study indicated that human resource is as the highest priority of company attention and the following sequences are marketing and distribution, finance and funding, operational and production, and the internet usage and technology.Novelty - The study also resulted in the creation of the RBV-AI Framework model to obtain strategic resources maintaining the competitive advantage of the company.Type of Paper - Empirical. |
| Keywords: | Artificial Intelligence (AI), Resource Base-View (RBV), MSMEs. |
| JEL: | M15 O32 |
| Date: | 2020–03–30 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gtr:gatrjs:jber187&r=all |
| By: | Konan Alain N'ghauran (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - Université de Lyon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Corinne Autant-Bernard (GATE Lyon Saint-Étienne - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - ENS Lyon - École normale supérieure - Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] - Université de Lyon - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Despite the growing body of literature evaluating cluster policies, it still remains difficult to establish conclusively their structural effects on regional innovation networks. Focusing on the French cluster policy during the period 2005-2010, this study aims at evaluating how cluster policies influence the structure of local innovation networks following network topologies that may be beneficial for regional innovation. Based on a panel data of four periods and 94 NUTS3 French regions, we estimate spatial Durbin models, allowing us to identify direct, indirect and total effects of cluster policies. The results suggest that cluster policies can result in both positive and negative total effects on the structure of local innovation networks depending on regions' technological specialisation. Beyond the heterogeneous effects, the results also highlight that cluster policies may lead to a regional competition for the strengthening of innovation networks. This finding echoed previous research pointing out the possible 'beggar-thy-neighbour' effects of cluster policies. |
| Keywords: | Cluster,Regional innovation,Innovation network,Policy evaluation |
| Date: | 2020 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-02482565&r=all |