|
on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
|
Issue of 2019‒10‒07
six papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Sara Amoroso (Joint Research Centre, European Commission); Simone Vannuccini (Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU), University of Sussex Business School, University of Sussex) |
| Abstract: | The participation of top R&D players to publicly funded research collaborations is a common yet unexplored phenomenon.If,on the one hand,including top R&D firms creates opportunities for knowledge spillovers and increases the chance for a project to be funded, on the other hand, the uneven nature of such partnerships and the asymmetry in knowledge appropriation capabilities could hinder the overall performance of such collaborations. In this paper, we study the role of top R&D investors in the performance of publicly funded R&D consortia (in terms of number of patents and publications). Using a unique data set that matches informationon R&D collaborative projects and proposals with data on international top R&D firms, we find that indeed teaming up with leading R&D firms increases the probability to obtain funds. However,the participation of such R&D leaders hinders the innovative performance of the funded projects, both in terms of patents and publications. In light of this evidence, the benefits of mobilizing top R&D players should be carefully leveraged in the evaluation and design of innovation policies aimed at R&D collaboration and technology diffusion. |
| Keywords: | Collaboration; publicfunding; innovationperformance; appropriability; top R&D investor |
| JEL: | L24 L25 O33 |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:2019-20&r=all |
| By: | Nelson Lind (Emory University); Natalia Ramondo (UCSD) |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a model of economic growth and trade in which countries innovate ideas that diffuse across the globe. This model dynamically generates max-stable multivariate Frechet productivity distributions and implies a mixed-CES import demand system. This demand system allows for rich substitution patterns in trade flows that arise from spatial correlation in technology. In the special case of a pure innovation model where countries do not share ideas, productivities are independent across space, and the demand system is CES. As a consequence, departures from CES reflect how knowledge diffusion generates technological similarity. In the general case with diffusion, high innovation countries tend to have dissimilar technology and their goods are less substitutable. These theoretical results provide a direct connection between estimable substitution patterns and the underlying dynamics of innovation and knowledge diffusion. |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:red:sed019:1364&r=all |
| By: | Klimczuk-Kochańska, Magdalena |
| Abstract: | Background. For universities, it is essential to develop in the direction of market expectations. It is necessary to enter into cooperation with entrepreneurs which allows technology transfer to create innovations. The knowledge triangle model is a concept that involves creating relationships between universities, research institutions and enterprises. This idea is very important for European policy and is implemented by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT). However, it is worth checking whether it is actually being implemented. Research Aims. To check if the approach of the knowledge triangle is used in practice by entities set up under the EIT. Another research aim is an exploration of the current directions in which the university's cooperation with other bodies is heading, and if this has an impact on raising the level of innovation in Europe. Methodology. A look at the model of cooperation between universities and the environment and search for an appropriate framework of benefit from this kind of collaboration on scientific literature review. Moreover, the desk research regarding the EIT Food - one of the European initiatives in the food sector. Key findings. The analyses carried out allow us to state that the concept of the knowledge triangle is not just a theoretical idea. The concept has its application in practice. It was also identified that universities are the main engine of all undertaken activities in the field of education, research and innovation. |
| Keywords: | cooperation, entrepreneurial university, knowledge triangle, third mission, triple helix, quadruple helix |
| JEL: | L22 O31 O32 Q55 |
| Date: | 2018 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:96150&r=all |
| By: | Lawson, Cornelia; Geuna, Aldo; Finardi, Ugo (University of Turin) |
| Abstract: | This paper contributes to the literature on the individual and institutional factors explaining academic scientific productivity. On the basis of very detailed information for a sample of 262 academics at the University of Turin over a ten year period, we develop a robust new model to assess the impact of funding on productivity, controlling for gender and family related characteristics less frequently examined in the literature. Using a Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) model in which we control for endogeneity of career progress and instrument national competitive funding with socio-political capital measure, we find that funding is no longer associated to higher research productivity. In the impact-quality estimation models, we find a “fatherhood bonus” and a “motherhood penalty” for having young children. In robustness checks we provide evidence of a causal effect of the latter, although it is possible that men have children once they are established on a high performance path. As in the previous literature, we find that after controlling for children, female researchers are less productive in terms of publications, but not in terms of research quality/impact. |
| Date: | 2019–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:uto:labeco:201902&r=all |
| By: | Jean Bonnet (Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CNRS, CREM, F-14000 Caen, France); Eva Coll-Martinez (Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CNRS, CREM, F-14000 Caen, France); François Raulin (Métis Lab, EM Normandie, France); Patricia Renou-Maissant (EconomiX, CNRS, University of Paris Nanterre, France) |
| Abstract: | The paper proposes an evaluation framework for comparing empirically the performance of Norman EPCIs in terms of sustainable development. The concept of sustainability is based on six dimensions: environment and natural resources, energy transition, sustainable mobility, economic dynamism, social cohesion and solidarity, and governance and citizenship. Considering a wide range of variables, we build aggregate composite indexes for each dimension of sustainable development. We use cartographical support to compare the performances of EPCIs in each of the six dimensions. Then a cluster analysis classifies Norman EPCIs and explores similarities and dissimilarities with respect to the six components of the sustainable development. The results highlight significant disparities between EPCIs regardless of the dimension considered. Six profiles of sustainable development are distinguished. Finally, the findings make it possible to identify the strengths and weaknesses of Norman EPCIs in implementation of sustainable development. |
| Keywords: | Sustainable development, French EPCIs, composite index, multidimensional data |
| Date: | 2019–09 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tut:cremwp:2019-05&r=all |
| By: | Robert D. Cairns; Vincent Martinet |
| Abstract: | From any state of economic and environmental assets, the maximin value defines the highest level of utility that can be sustained forever. Along any development path, the maximin value evolves over time according to investment decisions. If the current level of utility is lower than this value, there is room for growth of both the utility level and the maximin value. For any resource allocation mechanism (ram) and economic dynamics, growth is limited by the long-run level of the maximin value, which is an endogenous dynamic sustainability constraint. If utility reaches this limit, sustainability imposes growth to stop, and the adoption of maximin decisions instead of the current ram. We illustrate this pattern in two canonical models, the simple fishery and a two-sector economy with a nonrenewable resource. We discuss what our results imply for the assessment of sustainability in the short- and the long-run in non-optimal economies. |
| Keywords: | sustainable development, sacrifice, growth, maximin value, sustainability improvement, resource allocation mechanism, non-optimal economies |
| JEL: | O44 Q56 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ces:ceswps:_7845&r=all |