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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2019‒06‒10
seven papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Simplice A. Asongu (Yaoundé/Cameroon); Voxi H. S. Amavilah (REEPS, Arizona, USA); Antonio R. Andres (Ostrava, Czech Republic) |
| Abstract: | This paper develops a framework (a) to examine whether or not the African business environment hinders or promotes the knowledge economy (KE), (b) to determine how the KE affects economic performance, and (c) how economic performance relates to the inequality-adjusted human socioeconomic development (IHDI) of 53 African countries during the 1996-2010 time period. We estimate the linkages with three related equations. The results support a strong correlation between the dynamics of starting and doing business and variations in KE. The results also show that there exists a weak link between KE and economic performance. Nonetheless, KE-influenced performance plays a more important role in socioeconomic development than some of the conventional control variables like foreign direct investment (FDI), foreign aid, and even private investment. |
| Keywords: | Business Dynamics; Knowledge Economy; Economic Performance |
| JEL: | L59 O10 O30 O20 O55 |
| Date: | 2019–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:abh:wpaper:19/004&r=all |
| By: | Amendolagine, Vito (Università di Pavia); Chaminade, Cristina (Lund University); Guimón, José (Autonomous University of Madrid); Rabellotti, Roberta (Università di Pavia) |
| Abstract: | R&D related foreign direct investments represent a powerful mechanism for cross-border knowledge sharing that can stimulate the process of technological catch-up. However, low-income countries and smaller middle-income countries remain largely excluded from this kind of global flows of knowledge. In this chapter, we discuss the motivations and implications of this type of FDI for low and middle income countries, building on a critical review of the existing literature and analyse the trajectory of R&D FDI during the period 2003-2017 by region and industry. The data is used as a point of departure to discuss potential policies specially tailored for low and middle income countries and their capacity to attract and anchor R&D related FDI for technological catch up. The paper finalizes outlining a future research agenda. |
| Keywords: | Foreign Direct Investment; Technology driven FDI; International technology transfer; South-South FDI; Developing countries; Less developed countries; Emerging Economies; Innovation policy |
| JEL: | O19 O24 O32 O57 |
| Date: | 2019–06–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lucirc:2019_009&r=all |
| By: | Langinier, Corinne; Ray Chaudhuri, A. (Tilburg University, Center For Economic Research) |
| Abstract: | We develop a theoretical framework to investigate the impact of patent policies and emission taxes on green innovation that reduces the emission output ratio, and on the emission level. In the absence of green consumers, the introduction of patents results in a paradox whereby increasing emission tax beyond a certain threshold leads to a discrete increase in the emission level, which may be avoided by reducing the patenting cost. In the presence of green consumers, this paradox is restricted to an intermediate range of tax rates, and at sufficiently high tax rates, reducing the patenting cost may increase the emission level. Also, higher emission taxes increase green investment only if the fraction of green consumers is sufficiently small, and the magnitude of this effect decreases as this fraction increases.Moreover, a stricter patentability requirement is only effective at reducing emissions if the fraction of green consumers is sufficiently small. |
| Keywords: | patent; clean technologies; environmentally friendly consumers |
| JEL: | O34 L13 Q50 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiucen:03e766c3-0046-4ddf-b9aa-44fb81ed9458&r=all |
| By: | Amir Maghssudipour (Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa); Luciana Lazzeretti (Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa); Francesco Capone (Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa) |
| Abstract: | The aim of the present research is to investigate the rise and the evolution of research on the ‘creative economy’, which focuses on the convergence of four research pillars: contributions on the creative class, creative industries, creative city and cultural industries. Publications on Creative Economy Research have been collected from the ISI Web of Science database, which includes all the academic works starting from the contribution of DCMS in 1998 till 2013. Through the analysis of nearly 1.000 publications produced in 16 years, the birth and evolution of creative economy research is investigated. Besides, the second part of the paper focuses on a relational analysis developed through the use of Social Network Analysis, investigating co-citations of disseminators and founders of creative economy research. Results underline that the Creative economy may be considered a successful multidisciplinary paradigm born and developed in English speaking, North American and European countries, which has contributed to the rise of a new economic sector: the cultural and creative industries. |
| Keywords: | multiple networks; knowledge diffusion; ERGM; industrial cluster; wine industry. |
| JEL: | D85 L14 L84 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpmmos:wp2019_01.rdf&r=all |
| By: | Nicolas Crouzet; Janice C. Eberly |
| Abstract: | We document that the rise of factors such as software, intellectual property, brand, and innovative business processes, collectively known as “intangible capital” can explain much of the weakness in physical capital investment since 2000. Moreover, intangibles have distinct economic features compared to physical capital. For example, they are scalable (e.g., software) though some also have legal protections (e.g., patents or copyrights). These characteristics may have enabled the rise in industry concentration over the last two decades. Indeed, we show that the rise in intangibles is driven by industry leaders and coincides with increases in their market share and hence, rising industry concentration. Moreover, intangibles are associated with at least two drivers of rising concentration: market power and productivity gains. Productivity gains derived from intangibles are strongest in the Consumer sector, while market power derived from intangibles is strongest in the Healthcare sector. These shifts have important policy implications, since intangible capital is less interest-sensitive and less collateralizable than physical capital, potentially weakening traditional transmission mechanisms. However, these shifts also create opportunities for policy innovation around new market mechanisms for intangible capital. |
| JEL: | E22 |
| Date: | 2019–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:25869&r=all |
| By: | Joos, P.P.M. (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management); Meijdam, Lex (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management) |
| Abstract: | It is time for a major overhaul of higher education. Europe’s first university was established in Bologna in 1088. Its curriculum was rather narrow, largely devoted to the study of law. Since that time, universities have developed in an attempt to keep pace with our changing society. How have today’s knowledge institutes responded to the increasing pace of technological progress? How do they rise to new societal challenges? Why are they pursuing innovation in education – and how are they doing so? |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:tiu:tiutis:242a4784-afb9-4347-a537-32295d7a15c4&r=all |
| By: | Giuseppe Arcuri; Nadine Levratto; Aziza Garsaa; Lara Abdel Fattah |
| Abstract: | This paper investigates the role of regional context with regard to human capital and knowledge spillover effects in SMEs’ financial soundness. Our empirical setting is based on the multilevel analysis for panel data, which better allows for the treatment of hierarchical data. It is applied to firms belonging to the industrial sector and operating in four European countries over the 2010–2015 period. We find that a combination of individual- and regional-level characteristics explain firm soundness more accurately than individual features alone. Furthermore, we find that a higher local educational level and knowledge spillover improve the firm soundness. |
| Keywords: | Entreprise et territoire, capital humain, robustesse financière de l'entreprise, modèle multiniveau |
| JEL: | I25 L26 R11 C33 |
| Date: | 2019 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:drm:wpaper:2019-10&r=all |