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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2018‒02‒05
six papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Milena Chen; Patrice Aknin (IRT SystemX - IRT SystemX); Lilly-Rose Lagadec; Dominique Laousse (Innovation & Research - SNCF); Pascal Masson (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Benoit Weil (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Industry-academic research partnerships are mostly considered interesting to increase industrial innovativeness, and its benefits have been discussed in the flourishing open innovation literature. However, how to create mutually beneficial partnerships seems to be a question that has not been sufficiently studied. Through this article, we discuss the goals of these partnerships by modelling different types of collaboration. We defend that their real value has to be evaluated not only by looking at the knowledge created, but also at the increase of generativity we observe, due to interactions between academia and industry. Furthermore, we propose a model based on C-K theory that can be used to design a research collaboration that increases generativity, going beyond problem solving and knowledge transfer logics. We illustrate it through a case study, which shows that value creation in an industry-research partnership is increased by a model of co-generation, instead of considering these relations as a one-way transfer. Furthermore, we show that conflicts in a partnership can be solved through a C-K based tool. |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01619988&r=knm |
| By: | Batabyal, Amitrajeet; Nijkamp, Peter |
| Abstract: | We study aspects of economic growth in a stylized smart city with two distinct features. First, the modeled inhabitants of this city are smart because they possess skills. Using the language of Richard Florida, these inhabitants comprise the city’s creative class and hence they possess creative capital. Second, the city is smart because it uses information and communication technologies (ICTs) and we model one specific kind of ICT use. In this setting, we first derive expressions for three growth related metrics. Second, we use these metrics to show that the economy of smart city A converges to a balanced growth path (BGP). Third, we compute the growth rate of output per effective creative capital unit on this BGP. Fourth, we study how heterogeneity in initial conditions affects outcomes on the BGP by introducing a second smart city B into the analysis. At time t=0, two key savings rates in city A are twice as large as in city B. We compute the ratio of the BGP value of income per effective creative capital unit in city A to its value in city B. Finally, we compute the ratio of the BGP value of skills per effective creative capital unit in city A to its value in city B. |
| Keywords: | Creative Capital, Creative Class, Economic Growth, Skills, Smart City |
| JEL: | O33 R11 |
| Date: | 2018–01–16 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:83952&r=knm |
| By: | Armand Hatchuel (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Pascal Masson (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Benoit Weil (CGS i3 - Centre de Gestion Scientifique i3 - MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris - PSL - PSL Research University - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Creativity has been studied as a psychological phenomenon and research has focused on factors that influence the human variability and acquisition of such capacity. Still, the creative process remained metaphorically described, and with no rigorous formalization. Moreover, the knowledge background of ideation has been ignored, as well as the interplay between creative ideation and knowledge generation. This paper is an introduction to recent advances in design theory, namely C-K theory or Concept Knowledge theory (Hatchuel and Weil 2003, 2009), that overcomes such biases and assumes that creative thinking can be formally described with solid theoretical premises that can be experimentally tested. There is now a significant literature that assesses its propositions, findings and implications. C-K theory introduces new notions: " concept undecidability " , " knowledge independence " , " generic expansions " and " Knowledge reordering " ; they capture key necessary mechanisms of any creative process. Therefore, classic interpretations of creativity (association of ideas, analogy, blending, divergence and convergence) have to be revisited. C-K theory shows that they account for some aspects of ideation, but miss important operators that uncover the generative and expanding logic of creative thinking. It also reveals that specific knowledge structures are needed to allow for creative generation. C-K theory captures within the same formal model, both creative ideation and learning, invention and discovery, fixation and expansion of knowledge. Thanks to its explanatory and predictive power, C-K theory allows a new articulation between theory and observation in the field of creativity. Several findings have confirmed the value of such research potential. Finally, C-K theory stimulates transdisciplinary research through the development of a rigorous design science and the modelling of creative logic in all disciplines. |
| Keywords: | Creativity,Design Theory,C-K theory,Design Science |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01619990&r=knm |
| By: | Lise Gastaldi (LEST - Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Cathy Krohmer (LEST - Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique); Claude Paraponaris (LEST - Laboratoire d'économie et de sociologie du travail - AMU - Aix Marseille Université - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) |
| Abstract: | Cet ouvrage rend compte d’une partie des travaux conduits au sein d’un séminaire réalisé au Laboratoire d’Économie et de Sociologie du Travail entre avril 2014 et mai 2016 à Aix en Provence. Ce séminaire qui a pris le nom de C 3, pour Compétences Collectives et Connaissances, a fait l’objet de plusieurs présentations par des chercheurs invités et des chercheurs du LEST. L’intention initiale consistait à dresser un bilan des recherches réalisées sur quelques-unes des thématiques de prédilection du LEST, à savoir la gestion par les compétences, l’apprentissage organisationnel, le management de l’innovation, les écosystèmes de recherche et d’innovation selon les perspectives de l’analyse sociétale et la dynamique des territoires en termes socioéconomiques. Le séminaire a rassemblé des chercheurs issus de différentes disciplines et a bénéficié de l’appui de différentes associations scientifiques dont l’AGeCSO (Association Francophone pour la Gestion des Connaissances dans la Société et les Organisations). Plusieurs auteurs sont membres actifs de cette association scientifique. Par ailleurs les groupes thématiques « Gestion des Compétences – Didier Retour » de l’AGRH (Association Francophone de Gestion des Ressources Humaines), et « Ressources, Compétences et Capacités Dynamiques » de l’AIMS (Association Internationale de Management Stratégique), ont prêté leur concours afin d’organiser une journée d’étude dédiée au croisement des recherches sur la question des compétences. . |
| Keywords: | innovation, compétences, connaissances, organisation, processus, collectifs |
| Date: | 2017 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01579857&r=knm |
| By: | Hans K. Hvide; Paul Oyer |
| Abstract: | We document three new facts about entrepreneurship. First, a majority of male entrepreneurs start a firm in the same or a closely related industry as their fathers’ industry of employment. Second, this tendency is correlated with intelligence: higher-IQ entrepreneurs are less likely to follow their fathers. Third, an entrepreneur that starts a firm in the same 5-digit industry as where his father was employed tends to outperform entrepreneurs in the same industry whose fathers did not work in that industry. We consider various explanations for these facts and conclude that “dinner table human capital”, where children obtain industry knowledge through their parents, is an important factor behind what type of firm is started and how well it performs. |
| JEL: | G3 J24 L26 |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:24198&r=knm |
| By: | Tommaso Ciarli (SPRU, University of Sussex, UK); Maria Savona (SPRU, University of Sussex, UK); Jodie Thorpe (Institute of Development Studies, UK); Seife Ayele (Institute of Development Studies, UK) |
| Abstract: | The paper proposes the foundations of an analytical framework to map different innovation pathways and explain how innovation leads to inclusive structural change in low-income countries. Innovation pathways depend on how actors, interactions, and variables affect the origin of innovation; the uptake of the innovations (adoption and diffusion); the impact of this diffusion on upgrading, structural change and inclusion; the complementarity between these processes; the potential trade-offs between structural change and inclusion. The paper offers a set of novel applications to test the proposed framework, through different examples of innovation pathways: (a) international technology transfer, based on an extensive systematic literature review; (b) product and process innovation in the dairy sector in Kenya, based on a secondary case study; (c) an organisational innovation in the provision of antiretroviral treatment in Mozambique, also a case study; (d) a systematisation of metrics and indicators of innovation, structural change and inclusion and an empirical exploration of their relationship. The learning generated will support a multidisciplinary, multi-methods research agenda to map the dynamics around innovation, structural change, and inequality and generate an integrated platform of evidence on these processes. In doing so, we respond to the recently increasing demand coming from international institutions, inter-departmental research funds, NGOs and national ministries, for better knowledge to shape a more effective innovation policy for sustainable and inclusive development in low income countries. |
| Keywords: | Innovation; Technological Upgrading; Structural Change, Inclusion, Low Income Countries (LICs) |
| JEL: | O1 O13 O14 O33 Q13 I15 |
| Date: | 2018–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sru:ssewps:2018-04&r=knm |