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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2018‒01‒22
seven papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Shohei Funatsu; Yasuo Sugiyama |
| Abstract: | The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the processes through which a firm introduces or absorbs knowledge, and those through which it is applied within the firm by focusing on the in-bound type of “open innovation” process. Existing studies do not pay much attention to knowledge application and have hardly examined the relationship between knowledge transfer and application. If the transfer and application are qualitatively different, or in a mutually obstructing relationship, knowledge application would require specific management. We offer three key findings based on qualitative analysis of interviews and participant fieldwork data. As a result of the analysis, we assert the following conclusion. First, if the knowledge is more novel to the recipient, the motivation for open innovation increases, but the uncertainty in knowledge application increases at the same time. Second, if the uncertainty in knowledge application is high, or if the knowledge is novel or implicit to the recipient, the need for additional investment by firms such as establishing a new department or managing specialists will increase in order to maintain or accumulate the knowledge. Finally, if the recipient homogenizes to the source as scientific researchers, the homogenization promotes transfer but obstructs application. |
| Keywords: | open innovation, knowledge transfer, absorptive capacity, knowledge management, grounded theory approach |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kue:epaper:e-17-010&r=knm |
| By: | Rune Dahl Fitjar; Martin Gjelsvik |
| Abstract: | This paper examines why firms sometimes collaborate locally rather than with higher-quality universities at a distance. Existing research has mostly relied on the localised knowledge spillover, or LKS, model to explain this. This model holds that knowledge transfer across distance is costly, and collaborating locally reduces the risk of information loss when the knowledge is transferred. However, there are various other reasons that could also explain the pattern. If the local university can make a useful contribution, firms might choose to look no further. Firms may also see collaboration as a long-term investment, helping to build up research quality at the local university with the hope of benefiting in the future. Finally, firms may want to contribute to the local community. We extend the LKS model with these additional motivations and explore their validity using data from 23 semi-structured interviews of firms that collaborate intensively with lower-tier local universities. |
| Keywords: | University-industry linkages, Knowledge spillovers, Geographical proximity, Collaboration |
| JEL: | O32 D21 |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1732&r=knm |
| By: | Adeel Mehmood (Department of Management Sciences, University of Sargodha Gujranwala campus); Muhammad Yousaf Zain Ul Abedin |
| Abstract: | Satisfied customers are worthy assets for any organization. This study helps in understanding how important is to retain and enlarge these assets by minimizing the intention to quit and maximizing the satisfaction of customers. This research explores the importance of knowledge management and customer relationship management in order to retain advantageous and long-term bonds with customers in hotel industry. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of knowledge management on customers' satisfaction and intention to quit by concentrating on the mediating role of customer relationship management. Data were collected by applying simple random sampling from employees and customers of hotels in Gujranwala. Results indicated that knowledge management has significant and positive relationships with customers' satisfaction. Moreover, knowledge management is negatively and significantly related to intention to quit. Additionally, customer relationship management also significantly mediates the relationship between knowledge management and customers' satisfaction & intention to quit. |
| Keywords: | Intention to Quit,Knowledge Management,Customer Relationship Management,Customers Satisfaction |
| Date: | 2017–10–01 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01599100&r=knm |
| By: | Gregory Jackson (FFJ - Fondation France-Japon de l'EHESS - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales) |
| Abstract: | "The literature on comparative capitalism sees institutions largely as a set of incentives and constraints on rational behavior of business enterprises. Institutions constrain economic action, but also create new opportunities for economic action. For example, any market order needs the support of basic property rights and the rule of law (Khanna & Palepu, 2006), which both constrain certain uses of property and thereby enable other ones. Institutions may also solve certain collective action problems through different modes of governance over transactions – such as markets, hierarchies, networks, associations, state regulation and so on (Hollingsworth & Boyer, 1997). Consequently, many scholars have argued that different countries may have comparative advantages for different kinds of economic activity based on the diversity of their institutional frameworks (Amable, 2003, Hall & Soskice, 2001, Whitley, 1999)." |
| Keywords: | comparative capitalism, conceptual framework, understanding institutional change, japanese capitalism |
| Date: | 2016–06–15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01643921&r=knm |
| By: | Eddy Bekkers (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw); Michael Landesmann (The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, wiiw); Indre Macskasi |
| Abstract: | We infer sectoral productivity from trade and production data and test the hypothesis that technological catch-up is slower in tacit knowledge intensive sectors, operationalised by measures of complex task intensity. Furthermore, we examine whether catch-up is slower in sectors with a large skill intensity, a high degree of export sophistication and high income elasticity. Employing Comtrade and UNIDO data between 1960 and 2000 covering manufacturing sectors, we find that catch-up is slower in more tacit knowledge intensive sectors, as well as in skill intensive and export sophisticated sectors. With more recent data from 1997 to 2011 from GTAP we find instead that catch-up is faster in more tacit knowledge intensive manufacturing sectors, whereas catch-up is slower in more tacit knowledge intensive services sectors. Catch-up is consistently faster in income elastic sectors, both for manufacturing and services. |
| Keywords: | sectoral TFP, tacit knowledge, technological catch-up |
| JEL: | F14 F43 I25 |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:wii:wpaper:139&r=knm |
| By: | Antonio VEZZANI (European Commission - JRC); Marco BACCAN (Finlombarda S.p.A. (Italy)); Alina CANDU (Finlombarda S.p.A. (Italy)); CASTELLI (Finlombarda S.p.A. (Italy)); Mafini DOSSO (European Commission - JRC); Petros GKOTSIS (European Commission - JRC) |
| Abstract: | This study offers a novel analytical approach to inform the regional search for new industrial opportunities, as promoted by smart specialisation in the EU Cohesion policy context. The analysis departs from the challenges of practicing smart specialisation and its entrepreneurial discovery process in a dynamic perspective. It argues that the adoption of a dynamic approach to identify new opportunities implies mapping regional business and innovation assets as well as, assessing their position within the global technological and industrial landscape. The study brings a case study of Lombardy region, spurring the S3 Lab initiative (in collaboration with Baden-Württemberg, Catalonia and Lapland), together with a comparative analysis of its technological profile. The empirical study combines patent data from OECD REGPAT and territorial proprietary micro-data from Lombardy region on firm creation in emerging industries (EI) – new industrial sectors or existing sectors evolving into new industries (European Cluster Observatory). These industries represent a priority area for Lombardy's innovation-led development strategy. The initial observations confirm the importance of such industries in the region; they represent more than one-third of employment, almost a half of the regional value-added and feature together the majority of start-ups, suggesting the relevance of the regional strategic development choices. Also, in terms of productive advantages, Lombardy ranks high in some key EI. The mapping of technological competences through patent indicators, e.g. specialisation, diversification and ability to specialise in fast-growing and niche fields gives relevant insights on the technological potential of the region, providing further guidance for better targeted interventions. |
| Keywords: | smart specialisation, emerging industries, regional search, technological specialisation |
| JEL: | O25 O33 O38 R58 |
| Date: | 2017–11 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc108247&r=knm |
| By: | Charles R. Hulten |
| Abstract: | The neoclassical growth accounting model used by the BLS to sort out the contributions of the various sources of growth in the U.S. economy accords a relatively small role to education. This result seems at variance with the revolution in information technology and the emergence of the “knowledge economy”, or with the increase in educational attainment and the growth in the wage premium for higher education. This paper revisits this result using “old fashioned” activity analysis, rather than the neoclassical production function, as the technology underlying economic growth. An important feature of this activity-based technology is that labor and capital are strong complements, and both inputs are therefore necessary for the operation of an activity. The composition of the activities in operation at any point in time is thus a strong determinant of the demand for labor skills, and changes in the composition driven by technical innovation are a source of the increase in the demand for more complex skills documented in the literature. A key result of this paper is that the empirical sources-of-growth results reported by BLS could equally have been generated by the activity-analysis model. This allows the BLS results to be interpreted in a very different way, one that assigns a greater importance to labor skills and education. |
| JEL: | J24 O47 |
| Date: | 2017–12 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:nbr:nberwo:24141&r=knm |