|
on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
|
Issue of 2017‒03‒12
five papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Coenen, Lars (CIRCLE, Lund University); Grillitsch, Markus (CIRCLE, Lund University); Hansen, Teis (CIRCLE, Lund University); Miörner, Johan (CIRCLE, Lund University); Moodysson, Jerker (CIRCLE, Lund University) |
| Abstract: | System innovation policy refers to a horizontal policy approach that mobilises technology, market mechanisms, regulations and social innovations to solve complex societal problems in a set of interacting or interdependent components that form a whole socio-technical system. Even if policies start to be aimed at addressing these complex societal challenges, system innovation framing is still under-developed and it is unclear how to implement such policies. In this report we seek to contribute to both gaps. Firstly, we develop an analytical framework that allows to specify the conditions that enable and constrain system innovation. Secondly, we apply this framework on two Strategic Innovation Programs, a policy initiative by Vinnova, Sweden’s Innovation Agency, targeting system innovation. |
| Keywords: | System innovation; transition theory; innovation systems; policy; strategic innovation porgrammes |
| JEL: | O30 O33 O38 |
| Date: | 2017–03–05 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:lucirc:2017_004&r=knm |
| By: | Legge, Stefan |
| Abstract: | What is the effect of population aging on the rate of innovation? In this paper, I examine a new channel and argue that demographic shifts affect the demand for innovative goods. In an overlapping-generations model, it is assumed that individuals must spend time on learning how to use new technology. This creates age-dependent demand structures because older individuals have limited time windows for investments to pay off. The result is that in an aging population a larger fraction of the population does not invest in acquiring new skills. The amount of R&D is reduced as demand for innovative goods falls. Using data from all OECD countries for the period 1978-2010, I find support for these theoretical predictions. Those countries that faced the largest demographic shifts experienced the sharpest growth reduction in patent applications. |
| JEL: | J11 J31 O41 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145590&r=knm |
| By: | Gandal, Neil; Naftaliev, Peter; Stettner, Uriel |
| Abstract: | It is believed that there are significant knowledge spillovers in Open Source Software (OSS). If such spillovers exist, it is likely they occur via two channels: In the first channel, programmers take knowledge, expertise, and experience gained from one OSS project they work on and employ it in another OSS project they work on. In the second, programmers reuse software code by taking code from one OSS project and employing it in another OSS project. In previous work, we found knowledge spillovers via the first channel. In this paper we develop a methodology to measure software reuse at the micro-micro level in a large OSS network. We find that projects that reuse code from other projects have higher success. Controlling for code reuse, we also find knowledge spillovers from projects connected via common programmers. Thus, our empirical work suggests that knowledge spillovers occur via both channels. |
| Keywords: | Knowledge Spillovers; Open Source; Reuse of Software Code; Social Network |
| Date: | 2017–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11851&r=knm |
| By: | Richter, Wolfram F.; Breuer, Markus |
| Abstract: | Taxing intellectual property effectively is a challenging task. With its BEPS initiative the OECD (2013) aims at taxing intangibles in accordance with value creation although difficulties in determining the jurisdiction in which value creation occurs are acknowledged. The European Commission promotes the introduction of a Common Consolidated Corporate Tax Base (CCCTB) to neutralize profit shifting. The drawback of this proposal is that incentives are set to relocate R&D activities to low-tax countries. This is the background against which the present paper pleads for a regulated and internationally coordinated split of the profits earned with licensed know-how. |
| JEL: | H25 O34 M48 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:vfsc16:145621&r=knm |
| By: | Franck, Raphael; Galor, Oded |
| Abstract: | The research explores the effect of industrialization on human capital formation. Exploiting exogenous regional variations in the adoption of steam engines across France, the study establishes that, in contrast to conventional wisdom that views early industrialization as a predominantly deskilling process, the industrial revolution was conducive for human capital formation, generating wide-ranging gains in literacy rates and educational attainment. |
| Keywords: | Economic Growth; Human Capital; Industrialization; Steam Engine.; Technology-Skill Complementarity |
| JEL: | N33 N34 O14 O33 |
| Date: | 2017–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:11865&r=knm |