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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2016‒04‒23
seven papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Christian Kiedaisch |
| Abstract: | This paper analyzes how changing the expected length of intellectual property right (IPR) protection affects growth and the welfare of rich and poor consumers. The analysis is based on a product-variety model with non-homothetic preferences and endogenous markups in which, in accordance with empirical evidence, rich households consume a larger variety of goods than poorer ones. Unlike in models with homothetic preferences, the effect of intellectual property (IP) protection on growth depends on the distribution of income: when the length of IP protection is (uniformly) increased, growth increases when there is inequality among households consuming IP protected goods, but stays constant when there is no such inequality. When wealth is unequally distributed, reducing the length of IP protection for new but not for previously issued IPRs can increase growth. In the case where increasing the length of IP protection increases growth, poor households prefer a shorter length of protection than richer ones, although they consume fewer IP protected goods. |
| Keywords: | Intellectual property rights, income distribution, endogenous growth, nonhomothetic preferences |
| JEL: | O34 O31 L16 D30 O15 |
| Date: | 2016–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zur:econwp:221&r=knm |
| By: | FUKUGAWA Nobuya |
| Abstract: | Local public technology centers (LPTCs) in Japan help small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) improve productivity through technology transfer. Using a comprehensive patent database and based on frameworks of regional and sector innovation systems, this study quantitatively evaluates LPTCs' technology transfer activities. The key findings can be summarized as follows. First, local SMEs' technological portfolios (the distribution of patents across technological fields) indicate a better fit with the technological portfolios of LPTCs than with those of local universities. This tendency is salient for manufacturing LPTCs. Second, LPTCs collaborate more intensively on research with local SMEs compared to the local universities. This tendency is also salient for manufacturing LPTCs. Third, in regions where SMEs' technological portfolios are concentrated in biotechnology, LPTCs engage more in licensing. In regions where SMEs' technological portfolios are concentrated in mechanical engineering, LPTCs engage more in technical consultation. |
| Date: | 2016–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:16061&r=knm |
| By: | Charles Ayoubi (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne); Michele Pezzoni (Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; GREDEG CNRS; Bocconi University, CRIOS); Fabiana Visentin (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) |
| Abstract: | Empirical studies document a positive effect of collaboration on team productivity. The most common explanation to the teamwork productivity gain is that teamwork stimulates knowledge sharing among team members. However, little has been done to assess how knowledge flows among team members. Our study addresses this issue by exploring uniquely rich data on a Swiss funding program promoting team collaboration. We find that team characteristics play a key role in favoring knowledge flows among team members. Specifically, we find a significant effect of the social distance and an inverted U-shape effect of the cognitive distance of the team members on the probability of learning from within the team. |
| Keywords: | team, learning process, knowledge flows, cognitive distance, social distance, geographical distance |
| Date: | 2016–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:gre:wpaper:2016-08&r=knm |
| By: | Ernest Miguélez (GREThA, University of Bordeaux & AQR-IREA, University of Barcelona.); Rosina Moreno (AQR-IREA, University of Barcelona.) |
| Abstract: | This paper has two main objectives. First, it estimates the impact of related and unrelated variety of European regions’ knowledge structure on their patenting activity. Second, it looks at the role of technological relatedness and extra-local knowledge acquisitions for local innovative activity. Specifically, it assesses how external technological relatedness affects regional innovation performance. Results confirm the strong relevance of related variety for regional innovation; whereas the impact of unrelated variety seems relevant only for the generation of breakthrough innovations. The study also shows that external knowledge flows have a higher impact, the higher the similarity between these flows and the extant local knowledge base. |
| Keywords: | variety, patents, patent citations, relatedness, knowledge production function JEL classification: O18, O31, O33, R11 |
| Date: | 2016–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:aqr:wpaper:201603&r=knm |
| By: | Schain, Jan Philip; Stiebale, Joel |
| Abstract: | We analyze the relationship between institutional investors, innovation and financing constraints. Building on the empirical framework of Aghion et al. (2013), we find that the effect of institutional ownership on innovation is concentrated in industries with high dependence on external finance and among firms which are a priori likely to be financially constrained. The complementarity between institutional ownership and competition, predicted by the original paper's theory where institutional investors increase innovation through reducing career risks, disappears once this heterogeneity is taken into account. We also provide evidence that the sensitivity of R&D investment to internal funds decreases with institutional ownership. |
| JEL: | G23 G32 L25 M10 O31 O34 |
| Date: | 2016 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:dicedp:219&r=knm |
| By: | Paula Bajdor (Czestochowa University of Technology); Tomasz Lis (Czestochowa University of Technology); Aleksandra Ptak (Czestochowa University of Technology) |
| Abstract: | In the current reality and the conditions under which companies conduct its activity, the role of information/knowledge is gaining in importance. The Internet’s popularization had a big influence on this increasing, as Internet allows not only for information providing but also its generation. Looking further, it has also contributed to the increasing meaning of knowledge, based on a large amount of information perceived by the receivers. In the case of information that was already presented in the traditional supply chain, as one of the subjects of flows - next to products and financial resources, but its role was confined mainly to the improvement of the entire supply chain. Now, information flows that takes place between the company and its client are very important, these flows play a large role in making purchase decisions taken by clients. Because of this decision, whether to buy the product or not, the further development of the company may depend on. Therefore, the main purpose of this article was to verify whether for the clients, information about the products are important and if they play an important role in making purchase decisions. The authors focused on how clients obtain and share information/knowledge about the products offered by the company, and also examined whether for the client the efficient flow of information is important, and whether in their opinion, the company try to improve their information flows directed to its clients. |
| Keywords: | information flow, knowledge, purchasing decision, client, company |
| JEL: | D83 D19 M15 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:sek:ibmpro:3406067&r=knm |
| By: | Jové Llopis, Elisenda; Segarra Blasco, Agustí, 1958- |
| Abstract: | The objective of this paper is to explore the role played by firms' strategies during innovation process and its effects on innovation success. We argue that firm's innovative decisions not only concern how much innovation effort to make but, more especially, what kind of innovation objectives to pursue, which refer to strategic decisions taken at the level of the firm. Our econometric analysis is based on a sample of 3,919 manufacturing and services firms taken from the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC) for the period 2008–2012. Firstly, applying a principal component analysis we identified a diverse range of innovation strategies (no strategy, unfocused, market, production, cost and environmental and regulatory strategy). Secondly, after controlling positive skewness of the dependent variables a generalized linear model is used to exanimate the impact of these innovation strategies. Our empirical results reveal some relevant aspects. Firstly, firms that do not have a well-defined innovation strategy experience fewer probability of being a successful innovative firm. Secondly, firms that do have an innovation strategy, but not focused on any specific orientation, have enhanced innovation success, but less than that of firms with an oriented strategy. Finally, the results also show that there is a good fit between an oriented strategy pursued by firms and their innovation success. Keywords: innovation objectives, innovation strategy, innovation success, Spain JEL Classification Numbers: D21. O31. O32 |
| Keywords: | Conducta organitzacional, Innovacions tecnològiques -- Direcció i administració, 33 - Economia, |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:urv:wpaper:2072/260961&r=knm |