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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2015‒11‒07
five papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Yeşim Gürel Üçdoğruk (Dokuz Eylul University, Department of Economics); Yılmaz Kılıçaslan (Anadolu University, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Measuring the effects of innovative activities on firms’ productivity has been an active area for research for several decades, both as a policy concern and as a challenge for econometric applications. This paper attempts to analyze the relationship among innovation input, output and productivity in Turkish manufacturing firms through CDM model by adding ICT investments together with R&D as an input to innovation. The evidence is based on a panel data sample of Turkish manufacturing firms in the 2003–2010 period, constructed from the waves of the ‘Annual Manufacturing Industry Statistics’ and the four consecutive waves of ‘Community Innovation Surveys’. Regarding the model specification, the first step models the firm R&D decisions in terms of two equations: a selection equation and an intensity equation. The selection equation consists of R&D indicator variable that takes the value 1 if firm decides to perform R&D and explanatory variables affecting R&D decision. The intensity equation consists of firm’s innovative effort and a set of determinants of R&D expenditure. These two equations are estimated by using Heckman selection method. The second step models the firm innovation activity by innovation equation including ICT investment intensity and the latent innovation effort proxied by the predicted value of R&D intensity from the first step model. This equation is estimated as a bivariate probit model, assuming that most of the firm characteristics that affect product and process innovation are the same, although of course their impacts may differ. The last step estimates the productivity equation that is specified as a simple Cobb–Douglas technology with constant returns to scale, and with labor, capital and knowledge inputs, where we have “labor productivity” (real sales per employee, in logs); “investment intensity” that is our proxy for physical capital and “knowledge inputs” that are proxied by the predicted probability of product and process innovation. |
| Keywords: | R&D, ICT, innovation, productivity, Turkey |
| JEL: | L60 O31 O33 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eyd:cp2015:31&r=knm |
| By: | Jürgen Bitzer (University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics); Erkan Gören (University of Oldenburg, Department of Economics); Sanne Hiller (Ruhr University Bochum) |
| Abstract: | This paper explores the question of how immigrant employees affect a firm’s capacity to absorb foreign knowledge. Using matched employer-employee data from Denmark for the years 1996 to 2009, we are able to show that non-Danish employees from technologically<br>advanced countries contribute significantly to a firm’s total factor productivity (TFP) through their ability to access foreign knowledge. The empirical results suggest that the impact increases if the immigrants come from technologically advanced countries, are highly educated, and work in high-skilled positions. |
| Keywords: | R&D Spillovers, Absorptive Capacity, Firm-Level Analysis,<br>Foreign Workers, Immigrants |
| JEL: | D20 J82 L20 O30 |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:old:dpaper:386&r=knm |
| By: | Caner Demir (Ege University, Department of Economics); Aykut Lenger (Ege University, Department of Economics) |
| Abstract: | This study examines the effects of intellectual property protection on developing countries by using a three-pole global economy model. Although the classical North-South framework is a very useful method to represent the conflict between the developed and the developing world, the present study claims that it does not exactly reflect the heterogeneity within developing countries in some cases; such as intellectual property and technological production. Therefore, a three-pole world economy which consists of the following regions has been designed in this study; a region that only innovates high-technology goods (the North), a region that innovates low-technology goods and imitates northern high-technology goods (the East) and a region that only imitates eastern low-technology goods and northern high-technology goods that have been already imitated by eastern imitators (the South). This setup enables us to define the global imitation process as a chain system which allows southern region to imitate also the northern goods that have been imitated by eastern imitators before.To observe the effects of the possible policy choices, the theoretical model has been simulated. The results reveal firstly, northern region benefits from tighter intellectual property protection in any case; secondly, stronger IPR protections in the East reduces eastern imitation and enhances southern imitation sectors which target eastern imitation; thirdly, an IPR strengthening policy in the South certainly exerts negative effects in southern region while it brings benefit to eastern region in some aspects; e.g. relative wages. Particularly the third finding shows that the new three-pole approach on the analysis of intellectual property protection explicitly reflects the presence of an absolute conflict of interests within the developing world. Moreover, it proves that for developing countries with relatively low technological capacity there is no possibility of benefiting from tighter protection of the local intellectual property rights. |
| Keywords: | Intellectual Property Rights, Imitation, Innovation |
| JEL: | O34 O39 O19 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eyd:cp2015:6&r=knm |
| By: | MOTOHASHI Kazuyuki; Byeongwu KANG |
| Abstract: | The Tsukuba Innovation Arena (TIA-nano) was established as an "innovation platform" by public research institutes (PRI) and private firms for joint nanotechnology research and development activities. It is a virtual network comprised of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) and other PRIs in the Tsukuba area. In this study, the activities of AIST in two specific technology areas—carbon nanotubes (CNT) and power electronics (SiC devices)—are chosen from a variety of research areas under the framework of TIA-nano, in order to draw some policy implications for project management of industrial collaborations. It is found that AIST has collaborated increasingly more with firms particularly after its incorporation in 2002. In addition, we find that it role as an innovation platform is different between CNT and SiC in that it is important to proceed with CNT projects for firms by using open intellectual property (IP) policies, while for SiC projects, a vertical coordination role is more important for AIST. |
| Date: | 2015–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:rpdpjp:15014&r=knm |
| By: | Bücker, Joost JLE; Furrer, Olivier; Lin, Yanyan |
| Abstract: | Despite an increasing number of publications on cultural intelligence (CQ), the operationalization and conceptualization of this construct demand further attention. In this replication study among 308 experienced overseas Chinese respondents, a two-dimensional structure seems to better represent the data than the original four-dimensional CQ scale. The results of the analysis identify two new dimensions: internalized cultural knowledge and effective cultural flexibility, both of which exhibit satisfactory levels of reliability and validity. A series of regression analyses also provide assessments of the nomological validity of the new CQ dimensions in relation to their antecedents and consequences. |
| Keywords: | cultural intelligence; CQS; psychometric properties; discriminant validity |
| JEL: | M12 M16 M53 |
| Date: | 2015–10–29 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:fri:fribow:fribow00461&r=knm |