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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2015‒05‒02
seven papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | INOUE Hiroyasu; NAKAJIMA Kentaro; SAITO Yukiko |
| Abstract: | This study empirically investigates the determinants of the productivity of knowledge creation by collaboration. By using the Japanese patent database, we extracted establishment-level patent co-invention information and found the following results. First, we find an inverse U-shaped pattern in the relationship between the similarity of knowledge stocks and the quality of patents. That is, moderate diversity in knowledge stocks between establishments rather than extreme similarity or extreme diversity is important for knowledge creation. Second, focusing on the differences in technology class, we find an inverse U-shaped pattern except in the lowest technologies, and the peak of the inverse U-shape is larger in the higher technologies. This implies that the common knowledge between establishments is important in the higher technologies. Third, we find that the physical distance between collaborating establishments has a negative effect on the quality of patents. |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:15049&r=knm |
| By: | Hélène Dernis (OECD); Mafini Dosso (European Commission JRC-IPTS); Fernando Hervas (European Commission JRC-IPTS); Valentine Millot (OECD); Mariagrazia Squicciarini (OECD); Antonio Vezzani (European Commission JRC-IPTS) |
| Abstract: | This report presents original data and statistics on the innovation output of world top corporate R&D investors. Essentially descriptive in nature, it presents statistics about the technological profiles of companies, their trademark strategies for new products and services and about the extent to which these two forms of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) are bundled to protect and appropriate the returns from investment in knowledge-based assets. The report provides interesting insights about the innovation strategies of this sample of world leading corporate R&D investors and opens the door to further research and analysis about companies' global strategies for knowledge development and exploitation. The main target audience of this report is the policy and research communities, as well as analysts with an interest in supporting evidence-based policy making in the area of innovation and industrial policies. This joint EC-OECD report builds on the efforts to collect up-to-date, reliable and comparable company data on the top corporate R&D investors worldwide carried-out by the European Commission since 2004 (the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard publication) and on the solid knowledge and experience of the OECD in developing and providing robust and state of the art indicators on science, technology and industry (see for example OECD's STI Scoreboard publications). |
| Keywords: | Patent, Trademark, IP bundle, Scoreboard, Top corporate R&D investors |
| Date: | 2015–03 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ipt:iptwpa:jrc94932&r=knm |
| By: | Musonda, D.; Mavroeidi, V.; Tembo, S.; Matchaya, Greenwell.; Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso.; Chikwenya, N.; Sikombe, D.; Chilonda, Pius. |
| Keywords: | Capacity building; Assessment; Knowledge based systems; Strategy planning; Agricultural policy; Stakeholders; Poverty; Research institutes; Policy making; Legislation; nvestment; State intervention; Private sector; Case studies |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iwt:rerpts:h046682&r=knm |
| By: | Dmitri Vinogradov (University of Essex); Elena Shadrina (National Research University Higher School of Economics); Marina Doroshenko (National Research University Higher School of Economics) |
| Abstract: | Knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) constitute a rapidly developing sector of modern economies. Numerous studies suggest that KIBS facilitate knowledge exchange between providers and consumers, and improve the innovativeness of the latter. However, because KIBS are strongly reliant on service co-production by the customer and provider working in partnership, intensive cooperation between the two parties is essential. Public procurement may provide supporting mechanisms for this sector, both directly (by purchasing services) and indirectly (by demonstrating the benefits of KIBS consumption, which may stimulate the demand for them from the private sector). Yet legislative constraints on the types of admissible public procurement mechanisms may have an undesirable effect on the provider selection, making it possible that services are purchased not from the most efficient or the most suitable provider. Along with that, public bodies are known to be managerially less efficient than private firms, partly due to a distorted system of incentives. These key differences between the public and private sectors motivated us to study the efficiency of public procurement of KIBS. In particular, we find that consumers of KIBS in the public sector report lower satisfaction from KIBS and admit a lower level of co-production than the private sector. Our main recommendations refer to the optimal choice of procurement mechanisms and the system of incentives in public institutions |
| Keywords: | knowledge-intensive business services, public procurement |
| JEL: | H57 L84 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hig:wpaper:27/pa/2015&r=knm |
| By: | Aristotelis Boukouras; Kostas Koufopoulos |
| Abstract: | We consider a general economy, where agents have private information about their types. Types can be multi-dimensional and potentially interdependent. We show that, if the realized frequency of types (the exact number of agents for each type) is common knowledge, then a mechanism exists, which is consistent with truthful revelation of private information and which implements first-best allocations of resources as the unique equilibrium. The result requires the single crossing property on utility functions and the anonymity of the Pareto correspondence. |
| Keywords: | adverse selection, first-best, full implementation, mechanism design, single-crossing property |
| JEL: | D71 D82 D86 |
| Date: | 2015–04 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:lec:leecon:15/04&r=knm |
| By: | Filippo Randelli (Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa); Benedetto Rocchi (Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Economia e l'Impresa) |
| Abstract: | In recent years, an increasing number of studies have stressed the relevance of the consumer experience in the research of new trajectories towards sustainability. On the early stage of an innovation process the purchase continue to be strategic for the market creation although consumers should not be conceived only as selector of different commercial options. This paper argues for a broader application of Technological Innovation System (TIS) conceptual framework and proposes an analytical approach that explicitly considers consumers and producers as interacting and then coevolving actors. In this view the transition towards sustainability is not exclusively a production based innovation process and also the interactive relation between consumers and producers may foster the transition towards a new socio-technical regime. The conceptual framework will be introduced and exemplified with the case of Alternative Food Networks, a TIS in the food industry, based on a meta-analysis of the literature. |
| Keywords: | Technological Innovation Systems, Consumers, Alternative Food Networks, Agriculture |
| JEL: | D12 O31 Q55 |
| Date: | 2015 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:frz:wpmmos:wp2015_03.rdf&r=knm |
| By: | Basant, Rakesh; Srinivasan, Shuchi |
| Abstract: | With the advent of TRIPS, the IP regimes have changed in most WTO member countries. India also came up with its own version of TRIPS compatible IP regime which has been hailed by some as a ‘model’ regime for developing countries, while others are not convinced that it will provide the right incentives for medical innovation and enhance access to healthcare. This paper undertakes a review of available studies to provide a perspective on the role of IP protection in developing healthcare innovations. Broadly, the relevant literature in the context of India has followed two strands: some studies focus on the implications of the new IP regime on access to healthcare, while others explore the implications of IP on innovation in general and medical innovation, in particular. Interestingly, the two strands do not converge. Moreover, many studies view IP driven innovations as a constraint on access, as these are expected to be monopolized by the IP owner. We argue that there is merit in viewing healthcare access and innovation as complementary processes. This is particularly the case when one defines ‘health innovation’ more broadly to include:(a) Product innovations in drugs; (b) Process innovations in pharmaceutical industry; (c) New drug delivery mechanisms , bio-enhancers and dosage forms; (d) Product innovations in medical equipment and devices; (e) Innovations in the delivery of health services; and (f) Policy innovations to enhance access to healthcare. |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iim:iimawp:13474&r=knm |