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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2014‒07‒28
seven papers chosen by Laura Ştefănescu Centrul European de Studii Manageriale în Administrarea Afacerilor |
| By: | Spyros Arvanitis (KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich, Switzerland); Areti Gkypali (University of Patras, Patras, Greece); Kostas Tsekouras (University of Patras, Patras, Greece) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we demonstrate the complexity that regulates the innovation-exports nexus. In particular we argue that innovation and exports should be treated as latent variables in order to account for as many facets possible thus, accounting for multifaceted heterogeneity. In this context, the role of innovation openness ought to be highlighted within a unified framework, as it is considered an additional activity of firms’ knowledge creation strategy. In this line, innovation and exporting orientation are ruled by the firms' strategic mix comprised of internal knowledge creation processes and the diversity of innovation openness. Theoretical and empirical links between these major components are identified and measured employing a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach on a sample of Greek R&D-active manufacturing firms. Empirical findings corroborate the complexity of relationships and indicate that the firms’ knowledge base and open innovation strategy regulate via complementary and substitution relationships firms’ innovation and export performance. |
| Keywords: | SEM, endogeneity, open innovation strategy, knowledge base, innovation performance, export performance |
| JEL: | O31 |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:kof:wpskof:14-361&r=knm |
| By: | OECD |
| Abstract: | Education has one of the highest shares of innovative jobs for tertiary graduates of all sectors of the economy in Europe, and a higher proportion than in other public sector areas such as health and public administration. Innovation in knowledge or methods is the most common form of innovation, with education outperforming all sectors of the economy on this measure. Within education, higher education is much more innovative than the primary and secondary levels – and is one of the most innovative sectors of the economy in terms of innovation in knowledge or methods. |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:oec:eduaaf:24-en&r=knm |
| By: | Drivas, Kyriakos; Economidou, Claire; Karkalakos, Sotiris; Tsionas, Efthymios G. |
| Abstract: | This paper studies the diffusion of knowledge and its consequences for local innovation production. In a common framework, we analyze the geographic reach of different channels of knowledge flows that thus far have been studied separately in the literature. To jointly estimate these flows, we develop and apply novel econometric techniques appropriate to the nature of the data. We find that geographic along with technological proximity to be more essential to the operation of market than to non-market channels of knowledge flows. External accessible disembodied knowledge has a strong positive effect on local innovation production as large as that of homegrown knowledge. |
| Keywords: | knowledge flows, patents, citations, inventor mobility, trade, non-linear regression systems |
| JEL: | C11 C33 O30 O51 |
| Date: | 2014–07–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:57478&r=knm |
| By: | Sergio Afcha (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú); Jose García-Quevedo (University of Barcelona & IEB) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we examine the impact of subsidies granted at national and regional levels on a set of R&D employment variables and, specifically, we seek to identify the existence of the behavioural additionality effects of these public subsidies on firms’ R&D human resources. We begin by assessing the effects of public funds on R&D private expenditures and on the number of R&D employees, and then focus on their impact on the composition of human resources engaged in R&D as classified by occupation and level of education. The data used correspond to the Spanish Technological Innovation Panel for the period 2006-2011. To control for selection bias and endogeneity, a combination of non-parametric matching techniques are implemented. After ruling out the existence of crowding out effects, our results show that R&D subsidies increase the number of R&D employees. However, no increase is found in the average level of qualification of R&D staff members in subsidized firms. All in all, the effects of public support are heterogeneous being dependent on the source of the subsidy and the firms’ characteristics. |
| Keywords: | R&D subsidies, R&D employment, matching estimators, technology policy |
| JEL: | O38 J24 H25 C14 |
| Date: | 2014 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ieb:wpaper:2013/6/doc2014-22&r=knm |
| By: | Kang, Byeongwoo |
| Abstract: | This study compares the innovation process of a privately-owned enterprise and a state-owned enterprise in China using their patent data. Huawei and ZTE were selected for this study because they experienced the same historical environment in the same industry from the same region in China leaving their owner types as their critical difference. This study investigates the difference in the innovation process in R&D between a privately-owned and a state-owned enterprise by analyzing (1) domestic and international patent application pattern, (2) co-application and co-applicants, (3) knowledge accumulation inside Huawei and ZTE, and (4) knowledge spillover to domestic and foreign firms. |
| Keywords: | China, Business enterprises, Government enterprises, Telecommunication, Research & development, Technological innovations, Patent data, Privately-owned enterprise, State-owned enterprise |
| JEL: | L25 L96 O31 |
| Date: | 2014–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:jet:dpaper:dpaper470&r=knm |
| By: | Asongu, Simplice A |
| Abstract: | The goal of this paper is to assess how knowledge economy (KE) plays out in financial sector competition. It suggests a practicable way to disentangle the effects of different components of KE on various financial sectors. The variables identified under the World Bank’s four knowledge economy index (KEI) are employed. An endogeneity robust panel instrumental variable fixed-effects estimation strategy is employed on data from 53 African countries for the period 1996-2010. The following findings are established. First, education and innovation in terms of scientific and technical publications broadly bear an inverse nexus with financial development. Second, the incidence of information and communication technologies is positive on all financial sectors but increases the non-formal sectors to the detriment of the formal sector. Third, economic incentives have positive implications for all sectors though the formal financial sector benefits most. Fourth, institutional regime is positive (negative) for the semi-formal (informal) financial sector. The findings contribute at the same time to the macroeconomic literature on measuring financial development and respond to the growing fields of informal sector importance, microfinance and mobile banking by means of KE promotion. Policy implications and future research directions are discussed. |
| Keywords: | Financial development; Knowledge Economy; Africa |
| JEL: | G21 O10 O34 P00 P48 |
| Date: | 2014–07–10 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:57385&r=knm |
| By: | Valérie Angeon (CEREGMIA, Faculté de droit et d'économie, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane); Armelle Caron (Mutations des Activités, des Espaces et des Formes d'Organisation dans les Territoires Ruraux, INRA); Patrice Cayre (Mutations des Activités, des Espaces et des Formes d'Organisation dans les Territoires Ruraux, INRA; Ministère de l’Alimentation, de l'Agriculture et de la Pêche); Arnaud Larade (Agrosystèmes tropicaux, INRA; Mutations des Activités, des Espaces et des Formes d'Organisation dans les Territoires Ruraux, INRA; UMR Métafort, AgroParisTech) |
| Abstract: | The Green and Blue infrastructure (Trame verte et bleue ?TVB) is a new conservation policy tool based on the notions of ecological network and corridor. The TVB's implementation process establishes the connection of multi and nested decisional and action levels and needs permanent adjustment to change that is analyzed as adaptive governance mechanisms. The implementation of an adaptive governance is described as an mean to overpass those failures. The literature on adaptive governance gives learning process a central place as it permits to systematically improve policies and practices for an effective preservation of the environment. The aim of this article is to provide a critical perspective on learning processes in adaptive governance. We aim at reintroducing two blind spots. First, knowledge theory frequently forget to consider the strategic issue of knowledge. Second, knowledge theory implicitly recognizes that an actor acts but, it is often true that an actor can «be acted». |
| Keywords: | sociologie de la connaissance, politique de l'environnement, politique de sauvegarde, politique environnementale, apprentissage, mode de gouvernance, gouvernance adaptative, trame verte et bleue processus d'apprentissagedéveloppement durable, protection de l'environnementacquisition de connaissances, théorie des apprentissages, théorie scientifique, théorie de la connaissancefrance |
| JEL: | Q58 |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:inr:wpaper:226906&r=knm |