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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2013‒08‒31
eight papers chosen by Laura Stefanescu European Research Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration |
| By: | Karlsson, Charlie (Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS ), Jönköping International Business School); Norman, Therese (Centre of Excellence for Science and Innovation Studies (CESIS ), Jönköping International Business School) |
| Abstract: | In this paper we point out a gap in the EU 2020 strategy to deliver growth that is smart, through more effective investments in education, research and innovation. The gap in the strategy is that in addition to investing in its own R&D, the EU must take advantage of knowledge created in the rest of the world. Even if EU is a major generator of new knowledge and will become even more so when the strategy is implemented, more new knowledge is (and will be) generated outside than inside the EU. New knowledge developed in other parts of the world are not flowing immediately, automatically and without costs to the relevant actors within the EU. It is critical for the EU to develop efficient channels for the imports of knowledge from other parts of the world. We analyze EU’s capacity to absorb knowledge created in the other Triad nations (United States and Japan) through the following channels for international knowledge flows: academic knowledge channels, patents as a knowledge channel, technology trade, strategic R&D cooperation, trade networks, foreign direct investments, and high-skilled migration. The indicators show that there are certain types of knowledge channels that Europe must try to use much more extensively in order to become a leading knowledge economy. |
| Keywords: | knowledge flows; knowledge channels; knowledge absorption; EU2020 |
| JEL: | O30 |
| Date: | 2013–08–19 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hhs:cesisp:0323&r=knm |
| By: | Skribans, Valerijs; Lektauers, Arnis; Merkuryev, Yuri |
| Abstract: | The paper discusses implementation of a research that is aimed at development of a simulation model which would allow analyzing different development strategies of the third generation university. Small countries’ universities have limits of growth. The problem can be solved with a new approach to university role. The third generation defines university as innovation generation, transfer and implementation center, while maintaining the traditional university functions. The 3G university activities change number of innovative companies in the country. With growth of the number of innovative companies, potential researches and innovation customers’ amount grow. With time the amount of conducted research and developed innovative products growth. Innovative products and technologies is the basis of university competitiveness in the 21st century. Universities must develop, accumulate, implement and get benefits from innovative products and technologies. |
| Keywords: | system dynamics; higher education; resource management; organizational learning; funding; quality; knowledge; innovation |
| JEL: | C02 C50 C51 C60 C69 I20 I21 I22 I23 |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:pra:mprapa:49168&r=knm |
| By: | Pierre-Alexandre Balland; Ron Boschma; Koen Frenken |
| Abstract: | Despite theoretical and empirical advances, the proximity framework has remained essentially static in that the given proximity between actors explains the extent to which they interact in knowledge networks and profit from such interactions. We propose a dynamic extension of the proximity framework of Boschma in which we account for co-evolutionary dynamics between knowledge networking and proximity. For each proximity dimension, we describe how proximities might increase over time as a result of past knowledge ties. We capture these dynamics through the processes of learning (cognitive proximity), integration (organizational proximity), decoupling (social proximity), institutionalization (institutional proximity), and agglomeration (geographical proximity). We end with discussing several avenues for future research on the dynamics of knowledge networking and proximity. |
| Keywords: | proximity, innovation, knowledge networks, proximity dynamics, geographical proximity |
| JEL: | R10 R11 B52 |
| Date: | 2013–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1314&r=knm |
| By: | INOUE Hiroyasu; NAKAJIMA Kentaro; SAITO Yukiko |
| Abstract: | This study investigates the localization of knowledge exchange behavior by using data on inter-establishment collaborations in Japanese patent applications. Using distance-based methods, we obtain the following results. First, inter-establishment collaborations are significantly localized at the 5% level, with the range of localization at approximately 100km. Second, the extent of collaboration localization was stable during 1986-2005 despite the extensive developments in information and communications technology facilitating easy communication between remote researchers. Third, the extent of collaboration localization is much larger in inter-firm collaborations than in inside-firm collaborations. Furthermore, in inter-firm collaborations, the extent of localization is larger in collaborations with firms having only one research establishment. As a whole, inter-establishment collaborations are localized and stable, and localization occurs to complement firm-border effects, especially with regard to small firms. |
| Date: | 2013–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:13070&r=knm |
| By: | Erkan Gürpinar |
| Abstract: | This paper attempts to provide an analytical framework to analyze organizational forms in the knowledge economy. We first outline some historical trends that have transformed the organization of production over the last few decades. We show that this transformation has taken place not only in the realm of intellectual property rights (IPRs) regime, but also in technology. Finally, by recourse to a formal model, we study the determinants of the distribution of alternative institutional arrangements in this new environment. We argue that organizational ecology is mainly determined by knowledge network effects, and complementarities between IPRs and technology. |
| Keywords: | Institutional complementarities, Organizational forms, Technology, Intellectual property rights |
| JEL: | K11 L23 O34 |
| Date: | 2013–07 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:usi:wpaper:679&r=knm |
| By: | Maryann Feldman; Dieter Kogler; David Rigby |
| Abstract: | The 1980 patent granted to Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer for their development of rDNA technology played a critical role in the establishment of the modern biotechnology industry. From the birth of this general purpose technology in the San Francisco Bay area, rDNA-related knowledge diffused across sectors and regions of the U.S. economy. The local absorption and application of rDNA technology is tracked across metropolitan areas with USPTO patent data. The influence of cognitive, geographical and social proximity on the spatial diffusion of rDNA knowledge is explored using event history and panel models. |
| Keywords: | Evolutionary Economic Geography, Technology Evolution, Knowledge Recombination and Diffusion, Patent Analysis, General Purpose Technology, rDNA Method |
| JEL: | M13 O31 O32 O34 |
| Date: | 2013–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:egu:wpaper:1311&r=knm |
| By: | Gregory, Terry; Patuelli, Roberto |
| Abstract: | Demographic change is expected to affect labour markets in very different ways on a regional scale. The objective of this paper is to explore the spatio-temporal patterns of recent distributional changes in the workers age structure, innovation output and skill composition for German regions by conducting an Exploratory Space-Time Data Analysis (ESTDA). Beside commonly used tools, we apply newly developed approaches which allow investigating the space-time dynamics of the spatial distributions. We include an analysis of the joint distributional dynamics of the patenting variable with the remaining interest variables. Overall, we find strong clustering tendencies for the demographic variables and innovation that constitute a great divide across German regions. The detected clusters partly evolve over time and suggest a demographic polarization trend among regions that may further reinforce the observed innovation divide in the future. -- |
| Keywords: | innovation,workforce age structure,exploratory space-time data analysis,regional disparities |
| JEL: | J11 O31 R11 R12 R23 |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:zewdip:13057&r=knm |
| By: | KWON Hyeog Ug; Jungsoo PARK |
| Abstract: | This study empirically investigates the effect of foreign ownership on research and development (R&D) investment based on firm-level panel dataset for the period 2000-2008 taken from the <i>Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities</i>. The results reveal the following. First, the "integration effect" on R&D is negative for domestic or foreign majority ownership. Second, although the "foreign ownership effect" controlling for integration effect is insignificant, it becomes positive only when the parent firm is located in a non-G7 country. Third, the negative integration effect is stronger for vertical integration than it is for horizontal integration. These findings have an important implication in that the globalization and integration of firms not only may affect the pattern of production process and the global supply chain, but also have important influence on the level of domestic R&D activities. |
| Date: | 2013–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:eti:dpaper:13071&r=knm |