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on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Economy |
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Issue of 2013‒07‒15
six papers chosen by Laura Stefanescu European Research Centre of Managerial Studies in Business Administration |
| By: | Massimiliano Mazzanti; Davide Antonioli; Francesco Nicolli; Marianna Gilli |
| Abstract: | The paper investigates the extent to which the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by firms affects the likelihood of adopting environmental innovations (EI). We also test empirically whether various types of ICT adoption and other innovation practices (R&D, techno-organizational change) are complementary inputs with respect to the introduction of specific environmental innovations. The analysis is based on two different data sources, which offer various views on ICT and EI relationships. The first draws upon the ICT and environmental innovations information contained in the EU Community Innovation Survey (CIS), the other on an original CIS like survey focusing on a large Italian industrial region, Emilia-Romagna. This survey contains information on the adoption of environmental innovations and some detailed information on ICT issues and other technological-organizational processes. We find that ICT adoption is robustly and positively correlated to EI in the EU. In addition, complementarity is characterizing the relationship between ICT and other innovation processes as a force behind EI, but it is not to be taken for granted. In fact, it appears a robust empirical fact with regard to general innovation capacity (R&D and ICT), though when we narrow down the focus to specific techno-organizational innovations, complementarity with ICT is rarely a pillar firm’s green strategies. Further research might focus on the complementarity between ICT and EI as an ‘asset’ promoting higher economic performances. |
| Keywords: | ICT; environmental innovations; complementarity; organizational change; CIS |
| JEL: | L60 O30 Q58 |
| Date: | 2013–05–02 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:udf:wpaper:2013132&r=knm |
| By: | Ejsing, Ann-Kathrine (Danish Insurance Association); Kaiser, Ulrich (University of Zurich); Kongsted, Hans Christian (University of Copenhagen); Laursen, Keld (Copenhagen Business School) |
| Abstract: | Scientific knowledge is an important ingredient in the innovation process. Drawing on the knowledge-based view of the firm and the literature on the relationship between science and technology, this paper scrutinizes the importance of university scientists' mobility for firms' innovative activities. Combining patent data and matched employer-employee data for Danish firms, we can track the labor mobility of R&D workers from 1999 to 2004. We find that new joiners contribute more than long-term employees to innovative activity in the focal firm. Among new firm recruits, we observe that newly hired former university researchers contribute more to innovative activity than newly hired recent graduates or joiners from firms, but only in firms with a high level of absorptive capacity in the form of recent experience of hiring university researchers. We find also that firms' recent experience of hiring university researchers enhances the effect of newly hired recent graduates' contributions to innovation. |
| Keywords: | innovative activity, science-technology relationship, labor mobility |
| JEL: | O33 O34 C23 |
| Date: | 2013–06 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:iza:izadps:dp7470&r=knm |
| By: | Siar, Sheila V. |
| Abstract: | Strong negative reactions have been raised against the continuing and steadily increasing migration of highly skilled people from developing countries. There is, however, growing evidence that this outflow of skills and knowledge may not necessarily mean a loss for sending countries based on the concept of knowledge exchange and circulation. This concept argues that any apparent loss of skills and knowledge can be restored through the exchange or circulation of knowledge and skills between the highly skilled diaspora and their home country. Studies of transnationalism and diaspora have further emphasized the ways in which migrants can remain not only connected but also deeply committed to development processes in their home countries. Knowledge exchange poses a lot of potential for a number of reasons: the advances in communication and transportation technologies which reduce cross-border distance; the growing appreciation by governments of the network approach as a conceptual guide and strategy to thrive in a globalized world; and the increasing desire of migrants to connect with their home countries. The three cases (China, India, Philippines) presented in this paper show the wealth of knowledge assets that the highly skilled diaspora can contribute: as source of expertise in terms of skills, technologies, and markets; as source of venture capital; and as intermediary or middle person in providing language skills, cultural know-how, and contacts for building business relationships or collaborative projects. However, as these cases also show, the success of tapping the intellectual, economic, and social capital of the diaspora depends on consistent, well-defined, and well-supported policies and programs. |
| Keywords: | Philippines, knowledge exchange, knowledge circulation, diaspora model, transnationalism |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:phd:dpaper:dp_2013-18&r=knm |
| By: | Giovanni Dosi; Luigi Marengo |
| Abstract: | In this work we analyze the characteristics and dynamics of organi- zations wherein members diverge in terms of capabilities and visions they hold, and interests which they pursue. How does society put together such distributed and possibly coflicting knowledge? The question is "Hayekian" in its emphasis on the distributed features of the latter. However, our analytical point of departure is quite "anti- Hayekian" in that it focuses on how organizations aggregate and put to use such knowledge by means of di®erent combinations among power of allocation of decisions and exercise of authority. Together, organizational power shapes the very preferences of organizational members. More specifically, we study the efficiency of different balances between the three foregoing mechanisms. In all that, organization for sure "aggregate" and make compatible different pieces of distributed knowledge, but the causation arrow goes also the other way round: organizations shape the characteristics and distribution of knowledge itself, and of the micro "visions" and judgements. |
| Keywords: | authority, power, distributed knowledge |
| Date: | 2013–07–08 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:ssa:lemwps:2013/14&r=knm |
| By: | Yves Livian (Centre de Recherche Magellan - Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III : EA3713) |
| Abstract: | le passage à la diffusion numérique offre un excellent exemple d'adaptation d'un secteur(le cinéma) à une décision d'un acteur dominant,et d'innovations organisationnelles liées à un changement technologique. le cas est intéressant sur le plan théorique:changements stratégiques,création d'un marché normé,adaptations institutionnelles. |
| Keywords: | innovation,changement technologique,numérique |
| Date: | 2013–06–21 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00838521&r=knm |
| By: | Ackermann, Malte |
| Abstract: | The notion that the word Innovation has been excessively used in various contexts has been stated numerous times, still there is no study which empirically examines this issue. This paper addresses this research gap by utilizing a quantitative content analysis on almost 4 billion documents in the News segment of the Database LexisNexis. The sample period ranges from 1980 to 2010 and allover encompasses 2,013,143 documents containing the word Innovation. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller test indicates that the time-series data is non-stationary and has to be integrated in order-one. The results of the regression analysis illustrate that the documents containing Innovation of the preceding year significantly predict the next year, indicating past dependencies. The quantitative content analysis showed that the relevance of the word Innovation has progressed by 132.62% from the beginning of the sample period (1980) to the end of the sample period (2010). From 1980 to 1994 the indications of Innovation remained relatively constant around 0.003% of the documents. In 1995 the importance of Innovation apparently begins to rise to the year 2000 when it reaches its peak. In 2001 the indication of Innovation begins to decline slightly again, but advances towards the end of the sample period again. In general, these findings indicate that the word Innovation has been used quite more often within the last decades, reaching its peak of usage around the turn of the millennium. -- |
| Keywords: | Innovation,Communication,Quantitative Content Analysis |
| Date: | 2013 |
| URL: | http://d.repec.org/n?u=RePEc:zbw:martim:1302&r=knm |